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Hubungan Antara Asthma Control Test (ACT) dengan Spirometri sebagai Alat Pengukur Tingkat Kontrol Asma
No full textBackground: Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that still a serious health problem worldwide. It is known that there is no cure for asthma, but the disease can be controlled in some patients.Asthma control is focuses on the adequacy therapy. GINA guideline for the assessment of asthma control using gauges lung function, but this evaluation is difficult because of lack of facilities spirometry as a measure of lung function in primary care. Asthma control tool that is simple, efficient, easy and necessary for asthma patients. Asthma Control Test (ACT) is a screening test in the form of a questionnaire on a clinical assessment of patients with asthma. Method: This study was cross sectional study, in 61 patients with asthma were taken by consecutive sampling. The whole subject of study conduct ACT questionnaire and spirometry followed by examination. The analysis data using the ROC curve for diagnostic value and Pearson correlation test. Result: 61 subjects, 39 female and 22 male subjects with a mean age of 54.44 years. Based on the value of the subject ACT consists of 31.1% is well controlled, partly controlled 21.3% and 47.5% is not controlled. ACT cutoff values based on those receiver operating characteristic (ROC) to distinguish between normal and FEV1 <80% was 21.5 with 71.4% sensitivity and 96.3% specificity. By using the Pearson correlation test found a significant correlation between the ACT with FEV1 (p <0.001), showed strong positive correlation (r= 0.503). correlation between the ACT and FEV 1(L) showed weak positive correlation (r 0.319, p 0.012). Correlation the ACT and FEF 25-75% showed weak positive correlation (r 0.243, p 0.059) and correlation the ACT and PEF (%) showed weak positive correlation (r 0.356, p 0.005). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between asthma control test (ACT) with spirometry with moderate positive correlation. So that ACT can be used to assess asthma control in health facilities were spirometry not available.Latar belakang: Asma adalah penyakit saluran nafas kronik yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan serius di seluruh dunia. Telah diketahui bahwa tidak ada kesembuhan untuk penyakit asma tetapi penyakit ini dapat dikontrol pada beberapa pasien. Kontrol asma menitikberatkan pada adekuasi terapi. Guideline GINA untuk penilaian asma terkontrol ini menggunakan alat pengukur fungsi paru, namun evaluasi ini sulit dilaksanakan karena kurangnya fasilitas spirometri sebagai alat pengukur fungsi paru di pelayanan primer. Alat kontrol asma yang sederhana, efisien dan mudah didapat diperlukan untuk pasien asma. Asthma Control Test (ACT) adalah suatu uji skrining berupa kuesioner tentang penilaian klinis seorang penderita asma. Metode: Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode potong lintang (cross sectional study) yang bersifat analitik, pada 61 pasien asma yang diambil secara consecutive sampling. Seluruh subjek penelitian melakukan pengisian kuesioner ACT dan diikuti dengan pemeriksaan spirometri. Hasil penelitian di analisis dengan menggunakan uji korelasi pearson. Hasil: Dari 61 subjek penelitian, diperoleh 39 subjek berjenis kelami perempuan dan 22 subjek laki-laki dengan rerata umur 54,44 tahun. Berdasarkan nilai ACT subjek terdiri 31,1 % terkontrol baik, 21.3 % terkontrol sebagian dan mayoritas subjek yaitu 47.5% tidak terkontrol. Nilai cut off ACT berdasrkan receiver operating characteristic (ROC) untuk membedakan FEV1% prediksi normal dan < 80% adalah 21.5 dengan sensitifitas 71.4% dan spesifisitas 96.3 %. Dengan uji korelasi pearson diperoleh korelasi yang signifikan antara ACT dengan FEV1 % prediksi (r 0.503, p<0.001), menunjukkan korelasi positif sedang. Korelasi antara ACT dan FEV 1(L) menunjukkan korelasi positif lemah (r 0.319, p 0.012). Korelasi ACT dan FEF 25-75% menunjukkan korelasi positif lemah (r 0.243, p 0.059) dan korelasi ACT dan PEF (%) menunjukkan korelasi positif lemah (r 0.356, p 0.005). Kesimpulan: Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara asthma control test (ACT) dengan spirometri dengan korelasi positif sedang. Sehingga ACT dapat digunakan untuk menilai kontrol asma di fasilitas kesehatan yang tidak tersedia spirometri.108 HalamanTesis Magiste
Hubungan Antara Asthma Control Test (ACT) dengan Spirometri sebagai Alat Pengukur Tingkat Kontrol Asma
No full textBackground: Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that still a serious health problem worldwide. It is known that there is no cure for asthma, but the disease can be controlled in some patients.Asthma control is focuses on the adequacy therapy. GINA guideline for the assessment of asthma control using gauges lung function, but this evaluation is difficult because of lack of facilities spirometry as a measure of lung function in primary care. Asthma control tool that is simple, efficient, easy and necessary for asthma patients. Asthma Control Test (ACT) is a screening test in the form of a questionnaire on a clinical assessment of patients with asthma. Method: This study was cross sectional study, in 61 patients with asthma were taken by consecutive sampling. The whole subject of study conduct ACT questionnaire and spirometry followed by examination. The analysis data using the ROC curve for diagnostic value and Pearson correlation test. Result: 61 subjects, 39 female and 22 male subjects with a mean age of 54.44 years. Based on the value of the subject ACT consists of 31.1% is well controlled, partly controlled 21.3% and 47.5% is not controlled. ACT cutoff values based on those receiver operating characteristic (ROC) to distinguish between normal and FEV1 <80% was 21.5 with 71.4% sensitivity and 96.3% specificity. By using the Pearson correlation test found a significant correlation between the ACT with FEV1 (p <0.001), showed strong positive correlation (r= 0.503). correlation between the ACT and FEV 1(L) showed weak positive correlation (r 0.319, p 0.012). Correlation the ACT and FEF 25-75% showed weak positive correlation (r 0.243, p 0.059) and correlation the ACT and PEF (%) showed weak positive correlation (r 0.356, p 0.005). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between asthma control test (ACT) with spirometry with moderate positive correlation. So that ACT can be used to assess asthma control in health facilities were spirometry not available.Latar belakang: Asma adalah penyakit saluran nafas kronik yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan serius di seluruh dunia. Telah diketahui bahwa tidak ada kesembuhan untuk penyakit asma tetapi penyakit ini dapat dikontrol pada beberapa pasien. Kontrol asma menitikberatkan pada adekuasi terapi. Guideline GINA untuk penilaian asma terkontrol ini menggunakan alat pengukur fungsi paru, namun evaluasi ini sulit dilaksanakan karena kurangnya fasilitas spirometri sebagai alat pengukur fungsi paru di pelayanan primer. Alat kontrol asma yang sederhana, efisien dan mudah didapat diperlukan untuk pasien asma. Asthma Control Test (ACT) adalah suatu uji skrining berupa kuesioner tentang penilaian klinis seorang penderita asma. Metode: Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode potong lintang (cross sectional study) yang bersifat analitik, pada 61 pasien asma yang diambil secara consecutive sampling. Seluruh subjek penelitian melakukan pengisian kuesioner ACT dan diikuti dengan pemeriksaan spirometri. Hasil penelitian di analisis dengan menggunakan uji korelasi pearson. Hasil: Dari 61 subjek penelitian, diperoleh 39 subjek berjenis kelami perempuan dan 22 subjek laki-laki dengan rerata umur 54,44 tahun. Berdasarkan nilai ACT subjek terdiri 31,1 % terkontrol baik, 21.3 % terkontrol sebagian dan mayoritas subjek yaitu 47.5% tidak terkontrol. Nilai cut off ACT berdasrkan receiver operating characteristic (ROC) untuk membedakan FEV1% prediksi normal dan < 80% adalah 21.5 dengan sensitifitas 71.4% dan spesifisitas 96.3 %. Dengan uji korelasi pearson diperoleh korelasi yang signifikan antara ACT dengan FEV1 % prediksi (r 0.503, p<0.001), menunjukkan korelasi positif sedang. Korelasi antara ACT dan FEV 1(L) menunjukkan korelasi positif lemah (r 0.319, p 0.012). Korelasi ACT dan FEF 25-75% menunjukkan korelasi positif lemah (r 0.243, p 0.059) dan korelasi ACT dan PEF (%) menunjukkan korelasi positif lemah (r 0.356, p 0.005). Kesimpulan: Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara asthma control test (ACT) dengan spirometri dengan korelasi positif sedang. Sehingga ACT dapat digunakan untuk menilai kontrol asma di fasilitas kesehatan yang tidak tersedia spirometri.108 HalamanTesis Magiste
Efektivitas Madu Untuk Gejala Batuk pada Anak dengan Rinitis
No full textBackground. Cough is one of the symptoms in common cold with
incidence 80%. This symptom causing parents seek medical help and
using over the counter (OTC) medicine, although the effectiveness of OTC
is clinically unproven. Honey is one of the potential medicine for cough that
easy, cheap and widely acceptable.
Objective. To determine the effectiveness of honey and obat batuk putih
(OBP) for acute cough in children with common cold, using Likert cough
assessment severity score.
Methods. A randomized-controlled-trial conducted from February 2016
until May 2016 in primary health care in Batubara Regency and Tengku
Sulung Hospital in Indragiri Hilir Regency. We have 80 participants two to
five years of age in the study and randomized participants by block
randomization into two groups. We give 2.5 ml honey three times daily for
40 participants in honey group and 5 ml OBP three times daily for 40
participants in OBP group. Cough score has been evaluated before and
after treatment in three days consecutively. The Friedman test using for
analyze differentiation before and after treatment, and number needed to
treat (NNT) for evaluating the effectiveness honey and OBP.
Results. There was significant improvement after treatment with both
groups (p<0.001), but the improvement was greater in honey group.
Proportion of treatment success in honey group was 40% and 20% in OBP
group, the Absolute Risk Reduction (ARR) about 20% and the NNT was
five.
Conclusion. Honey was more effective than OBP for acute cough in
children with common cold.Latar Belakang. Batuk merupakan salah satu gejala rinitis (selesma)
dengan insidensi 80%. Gejala ini menjadi alasan orangtua mencari
pertolongan medis dan menggunakan obat over the counter (OCT),
walaupun efektivitas OTC belum terbukti secara klinis. Madu potensial
sebagai obat batuk yang mudah didapat, murah dan diterima secara luas.
Objektif. Untuk menilai efektivitas madu dan obat batuk putih (OBP) untuk
batuk akut pada anak dengan rinitis, menggunakan skala likert.
Metode. Uji kontrol acak pada bulan Februari 2016 sampai Mei 2016 di
Puskesmas di Kabupaten Batubara dan RSUD Tengku Sulung Kabupaten
Indragiri Hilir. Total 80 sampel usia dua sampai lima tahun, dilakukan acak
dengan cara blok menjadi dua kelompok. 40 sampel kelompok madu
diberikan 2.5 cc madu tiga kali sehari dan 40 sampel kelompok OBP
diberikan 5 cc OBP tiga kali sehari. Skor batuk dievaluasi sebelum dan
sesudah terapi tiga hari berturut. Uji Friedman digunakan untuk analisa
perbedaan sebelum dan sesudah terapi, dan number needed to treat
(NNT) untuk menilai efektivitas madu terhadap OBP.
Hasil. Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna pada kedua kelompok
sebelum dan sesudah terapi, dan perbaikan terlihat lebih baik pada
kelompok madu. Proporsi kesembuhan pada kelompok madu 40% dan
20% pada kelompok OBP. Beda risiko absolut (ARR) sekitar 20% dengan
NNT lima.
Kesimpulan. Madu lebih efektif dibandingkan OBP untuk batuk akut pada
anak dengan rinitis.134 HalamanTesis Magiste
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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