102,010 research outputs found
Gothograptus nassa
No full textThe Gothograptus nassa type of genicular hoods Genicular processes are typical of many retiolitids, mostly in post- lundgreni Biozone species. One of them is the genicular hood, typical of Gothograptus nassa Holm, 1890, named here the nassa type. In the evolutionary history of the retiolitines, nassa type genicular hoods are present in four species, all of them within the Gothograptus lineage, which started during the lundgreni Biozone, and ranges into to the lower Ludfordian leintwardinensis Biozone (Kozłowska 2015). The species are Gothograptus kozlowskii Kozłowska-Dawidziuk, 1990 from the lundgreni Biozone, Gothograptus nassa from the dubius / nassa Biozone and lower part of the praedeubeli Biozone, Semigothograptus meganassa (Rickards & Palmer, 2002) from the uppermost part of the dubius / nassa Biozone and ludensis Biozone, and Neogothograptus eximinassa Maletz, 2008 from the ludensis/gerhardi Biozone. The nassa type of genicular hoods are developed only on the first thecal pair in the oldest species, Gothograptus kozlowskii, whereas the rest of the genicular processes are largely of reticulated construction. In mature tubaria of Gothograptus nassa, Semigothograptus meganassa and Neogothograptus eximinassa genicular hoods of the nassa type are well-developed on every theca (Kozłowska et al. 2009). The detailed structure of the hood is shown herein in two well-preserved specimens of Semigothograptus meganassa and G. nassa (Fig. 7). The hood is built from many, very thin and densely packed parallel subjacent bandages as shown in detail on Fig. 7 B, F, G. The bandages grow proximally from the genicular list forming a structure of high density. Irregular bandages, growing also proximally and started above the geniculum, are secreted on the outer surface of the hood, strengthening it during astogeny (Fig. 7 A, E–H). The hoods of thecae within mature tubaria may occlude the whole thecal aperture leaving very little space for the zooids. There are some differences in the density of the parallel bandages forming the nassa type of hoods. The irregular bandages forming the outer layer of the hood may be weakly developed. The most dense and solid hoods are those of Gothograptus kozlowskii and G. nassa, whereas the hoods of Semigothograptus meganassa (Fig. 7 A– D), and hoods of Neogothograptus eximinassa (Maletz 2008, fig. 9H, K) have some space between the parallel bandages. However, in the mature specimens of Semigothograptus meganassa described by Rickards & Palmer (2002), the hoods form solid structures as in the G. nassa hoods (Rickards & Palmer 2002, text-fig. 4A–F). In the diagnosis of the Gothograptus ? meganassa, Rickards & Palmer (2002, p. 229) note that the hoods are “heavily pigmented but with clear microfusellar tissue”. SEM examination of the present material reveals that these hoods have distinctive pustules on the parallel bandages as well as on the typical irregular bandages covering the hoods (Fig. 7). The pustules are a unique structure known only on the bandage surfaces of some retiolitids (Bates et al. 2005). Thus the pustules identified under SEM, clearly indicate the bandages. The morphology of the Neogothograptus eximinassa hoods is shown by Maletz (2008, fig. 9H, K) on SEM pictures. They are similar to the Semigothograptus meganassa hoods but the enlargement is too small to see the details. The pustules are very weakly visible on the parallel structures building the genicular hoods (Maletz, personal communication). Maletz (2008) regarded the hoods as composed of microfusellar structure.Published as part of Kozłowska, Anna, 2016, A new generic name, Semigothograptus, for Gothograptus? meganassa Rickards & Palmer, 2002, from the Silurian post- lundgreni Biozone recovery phase, and comparative morphology of retiolitids from the lowermost upper Homerian (upper Wenlock), pp. 534-546 in Zootaxa 4208 (6) on pages 542-543, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4208.6.2, http://zenodo.org/record/21500
Gothograptus nassa
No full textGothograptus nassa (Holm, 1890) Figs 10–12 1890 Retiolites nassa Holm, p. 25, pl. 2, figs 12–14. 1891 Gothograptus nassa Holm, Frech, pp. 670–671, fig. 223, 5–6. ?1900 Retiolites nassa Holm (Gothograptus, Frech), Wood, p. 486, fig. 27. 1908 Retiolites (Gothograptus) nassa (Holm), Ellis & Wood, pp. 343–344, fig. 225, pl. 34, figs 15a,d. ?1952 Gothograptus nassa (Holm, 1890), Bouček & Münch, pp. 11–15, fig. 2, a–i. 1952 Gothograptus intermedius Bouček & Münch, pp. 15–16, fig. 3 e–f. 1956 Gothograptus nassa (Holm, 1890), Tomczyk, pp. 42–44, fig. 8. 1979 Gothograptus nassa (Holm, 1890), Obut & Zaslavskaya, pp. 30–33, figs 1–4. 1999 Gothograptus nassa (Holm, 1890), Kozłowska-Dawidziuk, fig. 3. Material. The specimens of Gothograptus nassa studied come from Lithuania, Poland and Gotland. Material from Lithuania comes from the Šiupyliai-69 core, nassa Biozone (above parvus), at depths from 998.4 m to 997.0 m yielding 130 specimens and the Kybartai-14 core, depth 1087.8 m, a few specimens. The material from Poland, Bartoszyce IG-1 well, comes from the interval 1661.0 m to 1643.9 m, representing the parvus / nassa, dubius / nassa, and lower part of the praedeubeli biozones (see range chart in Porębska et al. 2006, fig. 2). The material is rich, containing about 2,000 specimens, representing different stages of growth of colonies. The Swedish material comes from Gotland, Blåhäll, locality 813–832, Blåhäll 1 (Spjeldnaes 1984), Dapps and Tegelbruk. Description. The tubaria represent mostly fragments of colonies at different stages of growth. The longest tubarium of 18 pairs of thecae is 2.8 cm long. It is an immature colony as it has not developed an appendix, and the distal part is not densely reticulated (Fig. 10A). The tubarium of Gothograptus nassa is almost parallel-sided. It widens from a proximal width of about 1.0 mm below the orifice of the first theca and reaches its maximum width (~ 1.2–1.4 mm) in the middle part of the tubarium, following which it tapers distally. The sicula length is about 1.4–1.5 mm. The mature tubaria have thick reticulum surrounding proximal lateral and ventral orifices (Fig. 4 H). There is a strong metasicular rim and reticulum around the sicula, which may represent the walls of th1 1 and th1 2. In some specimens a part of the membrane of the sicula is preserved. An outer ancora is rarely developed in mature specimens (Figs 4F, 12D). Genicular hoods of nassa type are developed successively during astogeny. The new, rich material illustrates hood development through the successive stages of the astogeny of colonies. Hoods are well developed in all thecae in mature colonies (Fig. 12). The appearance of the first genicular hood in young G. nassa colonies may be on different thecae (Fig. 10). Young tubaria of up to six pairs of thecae usually do not have hoods developed. The first genicular hood may appear on the proximal or medial part of the tubarium. Thus some tubaria do not have hoods on several pairs of thecae but tubaria with e.g. eight pairs of thecae may already have well-developed hoods on six proximal thecae. The longest sub-mature tubarium with eighteen pairs of thecae represents the intermediate stage of colony growth. It has larger hoods in the middle part of the tubarium (Fig. 12A, C, I). The size of hoods increases during astogeny; in mature colonies the larger hoods, especially in the distal part of the tubarium, cover the thecal orifices for some distance below. The largest hoods are usually located in the medial part of colonies (Fig. 12A, I). The distal thecae are shorter and their genicular hoods are irregular. The rich material of different stages of astogenetic growth of G. nassa colonies also shows a marked variability in the shape of hoods from almost rectangular to ovate (Fig. 12A, C). In mature colonies the clathrial and reticular lists have similar thicknesses. The proximal orifices, both ventral and lateral in old colonies, are partly overgrown by some reticular lists. The nema is thicker at the distal end, and extends about 0.5–0.7 mm out of the tubarium. The appendix is well developed, about 1.5 mm long. Remarks. The thickened sicular rim and sicular reticulum, as well as an outer ancora umbrella, were first described by Bates & Kirk (1978, p. 431, pls. 2, 6–7). Obut and Zaslavskaya (1979) described the astogeny of Gothograptus nassa based on material from the deep 1-R core of from the Kaliningrad District of the Peribaltic Syncline, from the nassa Biozone. Based on the specimens illustrated by Bouček & Münch (1952, figs. 3e, f) at various stages of growth, co-occurring with G. nassa, the authors established that Gothograptus intermedius Bouček & Münch, 1952 represents young stages of growth of G. nassa. The observations presented herein, based on material from the cores of Lithuania and Poland, support this judgement.Published as part of Kozłowska, Anna, Bates, Denis, Zalasiewicz, Jan & Radzevičius, Sigitas, 2019, Evolutionary significance of the retiolitine Gothograptus (Graptolithina) with four new species from the Silurian of the East European Platform (Baltica), Poland and Lithuania, pp. 435-469 in Zootaxa 4568 (3) on pages 447-451, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4568.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/260160
New insights on estrogen receptor actions in hormone-responsive breast cancer cells by interaction proteomics
No full textRevision of the Amphibolips species of the 'nassa' complex from Mexico and central America (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)
No full textCuesta-Porta, Víctor, Equihua-Martínez, Armando, Estrada-Venegas, Edith G., Cibrián-Tovar, David, Barrera-Ruíz, Uriel M., Silva, Salvador Ordaz, Sánchez, Imelda Virginia López, Melika, George, Pujade-Villar, Juli (2020): Revision of the Amphibolips species of the 'nassa' complex from Mexico and central America (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). Zootaxa 4877 (1): 1-50, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4877.1.
RNA sequencing identifies specific PIWI-interacting small non-coding RNA expression patterns in breast cancer.
No full textPIWI-interacting small non-coding RNAs (piRNAs) are genetic and epigenetic regulatory factors in germline cells, where they maintain genome stability, are involved in RNA silencing and regulate gene expression. We found that the piRNA biogenesis and effector pathway are present in human breast cancer (BC) cells and, analyzing smallRNA-Seq data generated from BC cell lines and tumor biopsies, we identified >100 BC piRNAs, including some very abundant and/or differentially expressed in mammary epithelial compared to BC cells, where this was influenced by estrogen or estrogen receptor β, and in cancer respect to normal breast tissues. A search for mRNAs targeted by the BC piRNome revealed that eight piRNAs showing a specific expression pattern in breast tumors target key cancer cell pathways. Evidence of an active piRNA pathway in BC suggests that these small non-coding RNAs do exert transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene regulatory actions also in cancer cells
Regulation of metabolic reprogramming by long non-coding rnas in cancer
No full textMetabolic reprogramming is a well described hallmark of cancer. Oncogenic stimuli and the microenvironment shape the metabolic phenotype of cancer cells, causing pathological modifications of carbohydrate, amino acid and lipid metabolism that support the uncontrolled growth and proliferation of cancer cells. Conversely, metabolic alterations in cancer can drive changes in genetic programs affecting cell proliferation and differentiation. In recent years, the role of non-coding RNAs in metabolic reprogramming in cancer has been extensively studied. Here, we review this topic, with a focus on glucose, glutamine, and lipid metabolism and point to some evidence that metabolic alterations occurring in cancer can drive changes in non-coding RNA expression, thus adding an additional level of complexity in the relationship between metabolism and genetic programs in cancer cells
Bibliographie Hilarion G. Petzold 1958 – 2009 mit Anhang als Einführung
No full textDieses Archiv enthält die Gesamtbibliographie der Werke des Autors nebst einiger Texte „Über H. G. Petzold“ im Schlussteil der Bibliographie sowie einen Anhang mit einer Einführung in die Architektur des Werkes in seinem wissenslogischen Aufbau als Ausarbeitung seines „Tree of Science Modells“ (2007).This archive contains the complete bibliography of the author and some texts about H. G. Petzold, moreover an epilogue with an introduction to the architecture of the works in its epistemological structure and composition and as an elaborations of Petzold’s „Tree of Science Modell (2007).https://www.fpi-publikation.de/polyloge/01-2009-petzold-h-g-gesamtbibliographie-h-g-petzold-1958-2009-updating-november2009/peerReviewedpublishedVersio
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
iMir: an integrated pipeline for high-throughput analysis of small non-coding RNA data obtained by smallRNA-Seq.
No full textQualitative and quantitative analysis of small non-coding RNAs by next generation sequencing (smallRNA-Seq) represents a novel technology increasingly used to investigate with high sensitivity and specificity RNA population comprising microRNAs and other regulatory small transcripts. Analysis of smallRNA-Seq data to gather biologically relevant information, i.e. detection and differential expression analysis of known and novel non-coding RNAs, target prediction, etc., requires implementation of multiple statistical and bioinformatics tools from different sources, each focusing on a specific step of the analysis pipeline. As a consequence, the analytical workflow is slowed down by the need for continuous interventions by the operator, a critical factor when large numbers of datasets need to be analyzed at once.We designed a novel modular pipeline (iMir) for comprehensive analysis of smallRNA-Seq data, comprising specific tools for adapter trimming, quality filtering, differential expression analysis, biological target prediction and other useful options by integrating multiple open source modules and resources in an automated workflow. As statistics is crucial in deep-sequencing data analysis, we devised and integrated in iMir tools based on different statistical approaches to allow the operator to analyze data rigorously. The pipeline created here proved to be efficient and time-saving than currently available methods and, in addition, flexible enough to allow the user to select the preferred combination of analytical steps. We present here the results obtained by applying this pipeline to analyze simultaneously 6 smallRNA-Seq datasets from either exponentially growing or growth-arrested human breast cancer MCF-7 cells, that led to the rapid and accurate identification, quantitation and differential expression analysis of ~450 miRNAs, including several novel miRNAs and isomiRs, as well as identification of the putative mRNA targets of differentially expressed miRNAs. In addition, iMir allowed also the identification of ~70 piRNAs (piwi-interacting RNAs), some of which differentially expressed in proliferating vs growth arrested cells.The integrated data analysis pipeline described here is based on a reliable, flexible and fully automated workflow, useful to rapidly and efficiently analyze high-throughput smallRNA-Seq data, such as those produced by the most recent high-performance next generation sequencers. iMir is available at http://www.labmedmolge.unisa.it/inglese/research/imir
Single-cell states in the estrogen response of breast cancer cell lines.
No full textEstrogen responsive breast cancer cell lines have been extensively studied to characterize transcriptional patterns in hormone-responsive tumors. Nevertheless, due to current technological limitations, genome-wide studies have typically been limited to population averaged data. Here we obtain, for the first time, a characterization at the single-cell level of the states and expression signatures of a hormone-starved MCF-7 cell system responding to estrogen. To do so, we employ a recently proposed model that allows for dissecting single-cell states from time-course microarray data. We show that within 32 hours following stimulation, MCF-7 cells traverse, most likely, six states, with a faster early response followed by a progressive deceleration. We also derive the genome-wide transcriptional profiles of such single-cell states and their functional characterization. Our results support a scenario where estrogen promotes cell cycle progression by controlling multiple, sequential regulatory steps, whose single-cell events are here identified
- …
