1,720,987 research outputs found
Formulation and Stability Tests of Hair Tonic from Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Leaves Extract and Effectiveness in Protecting Hair
Full text linkHair loss is a condition that unavoidable process, where the hair is detached more than 100 strands per day that occurs continuously. Oil palm leaf with their compounds can be used to treat hair loss and damage. The purpose of this study was to formulate oil palm leaf extract into hair tonic preparations and evaluate the effectiveness in preventing hair damage. Hair tonic formula from oil palm leaf extract contains 96% ethanol, menthol, propylene glycol, phenoxyethanol, and aquades. The evaluation of hair tonic preparations included organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, and viscosity tests, as well as tests of antioxidant activity and effectiveness of hair tonic preparations. The results of the antioxidant activity test of oil palm leaf extract hair tonic showed the IC50 value at room temperature (25°C) indicating an average value of 37.2519±8.535 ppm, warm temperature (50°C) 40.5459±9.086 ppm, and cold temperature (4°C) 36.8257±6.928 ppm, which belongs to the category of very strong antioxidant activity, with the results of the evaluation of the oil palm leaf hair tonic slightly colored. greenish to dark green, has a distinctive menthol aroma, has a pH and viscosity that meets the requirements of a good hair tonic preparation, with pH between 3-7 and viscosity less than 5 cPs. Hair tonic preparations of oil palm leaf extract can prevent hair decolorization due to sun exposure at concentrations of 25 ppm to 200 ppm
Peningkatan Kelarutan Ketokonazol dengan Teknik Dispersi Padat Menggunakan Eudragit® E 100
Full text linkKetoconazole is an antifungal azole synthetic which derivatived from imidazole. Ketoconazole is practically insoluble in water and its bioavailability depend on pH condition of the gastrointestinal tract. The purpose of the research is to increase the solubility of ketoconazole by solid dispersion method using Eudragit® E 100, PEG 6000, and glycerol. Solid dispersion was evaluated with respect to solubility, cristalinity, complexation and morphology of solid dispersion. The optimum formulation with the highest solubility was resulted by solid dispersion with ratio ketoconazole - Eudragit® E 100 - glycerol of 1:8:0.5. X-ray diffraction test revealed the change of crystalline ketoconazole and similar to Eudragit® E 100. This result was also supported by spectrum of infrared and endothermic peak of differential scanning calorimetry. Based on scanning electron microscopy morphology of pure Eudragit® E 100 and solid dispersion was similar. Solid dispersion of ketoconazole with Eudragit® E 100 and glycerol improved solubilty
Aktivitas Gel Mulut Berbahan Aktif Ekstrak Daun Sirih Hitam Kalimantan sebagai Antimikroba Penyebab Radang Gusi (Gingivitis) dan Gigi Berlubang (Caries)
Full text linkThis study aimed to test the activity of active ingredient mouth gel preparation of kalimantan black piper betle leaf extract with the main base of Hydroxy Ethyl Cellulose namely (HEC) as a mucoadhesive polymer that is able to increase the attractive forces between the active material with a layer of mucus that will extend the contact time with the active ingredient tissue targets, moreover would be increase the effectiveness of antimicrobial activity causes inflammation of the gums (gingivitis) and tooth decay (caries). Activities that have been implemented are mouth gel activity assays with Kalimantan black piper betle leaf extract as in- vitro using the agar diffusion method pitting. In testing with active oral gel preparation of black piper betle leaf extract with the main base of Hydroxy Ethyl Cellulose namely (HEC) as in vitro, it can be seen that the sample may provide the inhibitory effect of the fungus Candida albicans and the bacterium Streptococcus mutans in the presence of a clear zone indicated on the medium. Furthermore, at this stage of the dilution of the gel in twice causing decline in the effectiveness of the inhibition of both the fungus Candida albicans and the bacterium Streptococcus mutans. The results of in- vitro testing without dilution is 19.8 mm in bacteria Streptococcus mutans and 34.4 mm in the fungus Candida albicans
Kajian Literatur: Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Herba Suruhan (Peperomia pellucida L.)
No full textSuruhan (Peperomia Pellucida L.) is one of the weed plants that grow wild in humid environments. This plant is commonly found in Indonesia and has been used by the community as a medicinal plant. The secondary metabolites contained oh suruhan are saponins, phenols, flavonoids, and tannins. These compounds are thought to provide antibacterial activity. The purpose of writing this literature review is to determine the compound of secondary metabolites, the antibacterial activity of the extract, and the effective concentration as an antibacterial agent. The method used is literature review by searching journals database with the Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scient Direct. Based on the literature review, the secondary metabolites contained are flavonoids, tannins, steroids, phenols, saponins, glycosides, anterquinone, pellucidin A, stigmasterol, and fucosterol. The antibacterial activity test showed that the extract was able to inhibit gram-positive bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis, Propionibacterium acne, and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as gram-negative bacteria, such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella dysentriae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluoescens, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhi. The activity produced by gram-negative bacteria is more sensitive than gram-positive bacteria. While the effective concentrations of n-hexane extract against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were 10 mg/mL and 200 mg/L, the resulting inhibition zone diameters were 17.9 mm and 18 mm
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) terhadap Peredaman DPPH
No full textKulit buah alpukat mengandung senyawa kimia yang berkhasiat sebagai antioksidan. Sehingga telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol kulit buah alpukat (persea americana Mill.) terhadap peredaman radikal DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). Metode ekstraksi yang digunakan yaitu maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96%. Ekstrak etanol kulit buah alpukat dibuat varian konsentrasi 50 ppm, 75 ppm, 100 ppm, 125 ppm, 150 ppm dan asam askorbat sebagai kontrol positif dengan varian konsentrasi 2 ppm, 4 ppm, 6 ppm, 8 ppm, 10 ppm. Aktivitas antioksidan terhadap peredaman radikal DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) diukur menggunakan spektrofotometri Uv-Vis. Hasil aktivitas antioksidan yang diperoleh berupa nilaiIC50(inhibition concentration) dari ekstrak etanol kulit buah alpukat yaitu sebesar 137.34 ppm dan asam askorbat sebesar 13.18 ppm. Hasil dari pengujian ekstrak etanol kulit buah alpukat memiliki aktivitas antioksidan kategori sedang
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Andong Merah terhadap Eschericia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus
No full textInfection disease is one of the most common diseases in the world. Infection can be caused by bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus which are now resistant to some antibiotics, so new agents are needed to overcome antibiotic resistance. Red andong leaves are empirically efficacious for treating wounds, hemorrhoids, inflammation, diarrhea and stopping bleeding (hemostasis). This study aims to determine the yield of ethanol extracts red andong leaves and determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extracts of red andong leaves against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The research began with the process of extracting red andong leaves by maceration method, then carried out antibacterial testing by the well diffusion method. The results showed the extract concentrations of 10%, 30%, and 50% were able to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The biggest antibacterial activity of red andong extract was obtained at a concentration of 50% with a inhibition zone of 17,836 mm (Staphylococcus aureus) and 9,012 mm (Escherichia coli)
Molecular Binding of Secondary Metabolite Compounds of Dayak Onion (Eleutherine bulbosa) As Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV (DPP-4) Inhibitors
No full textDiabetes is a frightening disease that threatens people\u27s lives, because almost every 10 seconds in the world, people die from complications of this disease. A new DM treatment approach in the creatinase system that inhibits dipeptidyl peptidase IV (Dpp-4) has been developed, and has been shown to effectively increase insulin secretion, maintain pancreatic -integration, and slow gastric emptying. antidiabetic, namely inhibition of the -glucosidase enzyme in one of its compounds and has not been found to inhibit the Dpp-4 enzyme. This study aims to determine the potential of the compounds in Dayak onions as inhibitors of the Dpp-4 enzyme. The method used is molecular anchoring or in silico because the research time is short and the cost is cheaper than in vitro or in vivo. The software used is autodock which is a device that can attach ligand molecules to receptor macromolecules. Then visualized using discovery studio 2020 and other devices to support tethering such as chemdraw and chimera 1.4. vidagliptin as an antidiabetic which has activity against inhibiting Dpp-4 inhibitors was used as a standard. The grid is placed on natural ligands with a box size of 52? x 28? x 26? and a center of 40,926? x 50,522? x 35,031? with a spacing of 0.375?. Based on the docking that has been done, the secondary metabolite compounds in Dayak onions have a low bond energy value, with the lowest value being -8.46 kcal/mol and the highest -5.54 with different values of inhibition constant and bond form. Eleuthoside C has the lowest bond energy of -8.46 and has the most similar interaction with natural ligands. The bond that occurs is the type of hydrogen bonding at the residues of Phe357, Arg125, Arg358, Tyr666, Tyr662, and Glu205. With this, Dayak onions have antidiabetic activity but further docking still needs to be done to see other compounds in Dayak onions as Dpp-4 inhibitors
Identifikasi Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak Metanol Akar dan Batang Merung (Coptosapelta tomentosa ) yang Memiliki Aktivitas Antioksidan Menggunakan Metode KLT Autografi
No full textSecondary metabolites produced by plants have been known to have a variety of biological activities including antioxidants that serve to ward off oxidant compounds and free radicals. The roots of merung (Coptosapelta tomentosa) has been known to have strong activity as an antioxidant while antioxidant activity in the stem is not yet known to date. This research aims to determine the secondary metabolites that have antioxidant activity on the root extracts and the stem of the vines qualitatively. The root extract and the stem of the merung plant are extracted with a methanol solvent using the maceration method. Antioxidant activity and identification of secondary metabolites are carried out qualitatively by the method of autography using the 2.2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl compound (DPPH) and some reagents of the secondary metabolite. Antioxidant activity of the merung root extract is on spot with RF 0.08 and 0.66. Spot with the RF 0.66 shows the brown color when reacted FeCl3, fluorescent yellow in UV rays 254 and 366 nm after reacted AlCl3 and red when reacted with KOH. The antioxidant activity of the merung stem extracts is at Rf 0.16, 0.33, 0.58, 0.66, and 0.75. Spot with the Rf 0.16 shows the color of brown when reacted FeCl3 and fluorescent blue in UV rays 254 and 366 nm after reacted AlCl3. Secondary metabolites that have antioxidant activity on root extracts and stems are suspected to be derivative phenolic compounds derived from flavonoid compounds
Uji Aktivitas Tabir Surya Ekstrak Metanol Kulit Batang Kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) Secara In Vitro
No full textKersen (Muntingia calabura L.) is a plant that is usually useful as a shade tree on the side of the road, which is thought to have the potential with sunscreen activity. This study aim to determine sunscreen activity of the bark based on %Te, %Tp and SPF values ??in vitro. The extraction was done by maceration using methanol solvent, and then phytochemical screening by color reaction test that showed the presence of flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, saponins, and terpenoid. Sunscreen activity and SPF values ??were determined by measuring the absorbance of extracts with several variations of concentration, using spectrophotometer. The results showed the best concentration for the sunscreen category was 700 ppm. Based on the value of %Te and %Tp, including standard suntan and sunblock categories. While based on the SPF value >15 shows that methanol extract is included in the category of ultra protection
Formulation of Hand Sanitizer Gel Jatropha Sap (Jatropha curcas L) as Antiseptic
Full text linkJatropha curcas (Jatropha curcas L) is a medicinal plant that is often used, especially its sap. Jatropha sap contains secondary metabolite compounds in the form of saponins, flavonoids, and tannins which have antibacterial activity. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of Jatropha sap against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, to determine the antibacterial activity of jatropha hand sanitizer gel preparation against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and to find out the best formula for hand sanitizer gel from jatropha that has antibacterial effectiveness against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. This research was conducted by formulating hand sanitizer gel from jatropha sap with various concentrations. Based on the research data, the best data obtained for the concentration of jatropha sap which has antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus is 10% with inhibition values of 13,33 ± 0,57 and 12,86 ± 0,51 the best concentrations of gel preparations. Hand sanitizer from jatropha sap which has antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus is 10% with inhibitory value of 12,63 ± 0,35 and 12,10 ± 0,17 and the best formula for hand sanitizer gel contains jatropha sap fence with a concentration of 5% with a diameter value of 6,36 cm, pH 4,89, a viscosity of 4,60 ± 0,14 Pa.S, a clear whitish color with a gel-shaped texture and a homogeneous preparation
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