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No full textJournal articleCOASTAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
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Home > Vol 35, No 2 (2017) > PANDA
INTEGRATED APPROACH FOR IMPROVING WATER PRODUCTIVITY IN GROUNDWATER EXPLOITED AREAS OF COASTAL ODISHA
DILEEP K PANDA, PRIYANKA DAS, S K AMBAST
ABSTRACT
This study explores the background scenarios of an over-exploited coastal aquifer in the lower Subernarekha river basin of north Odisha, and highlights the socio-economic benefits through technological interventions. The change in vegetation (i.e. NDVI) between the year 2000 and 2009 shows a notable shift from other land-use classes to agricultural practices, with a 15% increase in area under vegetation during the pre-monsoon summer season. This indirectly point to the increased groundwater utilization, because farmers use their own shallow tube well or purchase water from others to grow the summer paddy. As a case study, a tank-cum-well system, with a tank of 80 m length, 60 m width and 2 m depth, has been created. In 2014, with delayed arrival of monsoon rainfall and persistent dry spells, the harvested volume of 10000 m3 of water provided the life-saving irrigations. To improve the water productivity, fish farming was undertaken with a stock of about 2000 fishes, each grew to about 450 grams within 3 months. Moreover, a 2 m width and 0.15 m depth earthen platform was made around the recharge structure in which 500 banana plants were grown, along with perennial fruit crops. In the first year, a gross return of Rs. 75,000 has been estimated.Not Availabl
Pits and pearls in the management of giant goiters
No full textObjective: Giant goiters invariably have been neglected by the patients allowing them to grow to huge sizes. Usually, these are slow growing and are not troublesome, and hence, the patients ignore them. The treatment of such goiters is surgery. However, when these become >10 cm, they pose challenges to the patient, the anesthetist, and foremost the surgeon. Materials and Methods: We present here a single-institutional experience of managing 13 monster goiters. Harmonic scalpel and bipolar cautery were used intraoperatively. The surgical loupes were used in all cases for identification of the nerves. Their clinical presentation, salient symptoms and our experience, and key factors affecting successful outcomes were analyzed. Results: Ten patients had benign lesion and three harbored malignancy. All patients were made euthyroid before surgery except one in whom the indication for surgery was thyrotoxicosis. All patients underwent awake fiber-optic intubation. Four patients underwent total thyroidectomy, two underwent hemithyroidectomy, and remaining underwent subtotal thyroidectomy. One patient required sternotomy for retrosternal extension of the goiter. Harmonic scalpel and bipolar cautery were used intraoperatively. Surgical loupes were used in all cases for identification of the nerve. In all cases, recurrent laryngeal nerve was identified. Tracheomalacia was noted in two patients, and only one of them had to be tracheostomized postoperatively. Conclusion: Anatomy was found to be distorted in all our cases. Identifying the nerve was difficult due to distorted anatomy. Transient hypocalcemia was a consistent feature in spite of identifying the parathyroids and preserving its blood supply. Cases with tracheomalacia and bilateral vocal cord palsy can pose challenge for extubation, and tracheostomy needs to be considered in them
Communication outcomes following cochlear implantation in a child with cystic cochleovestibular anomaly
No full textAbstractCochlear implantation is one of the best amongst the various management options available for children and adults with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss. Inner ear and internal auditory canal (IAC) malformations accounts to approximately 25% of congenital sensorineural hearing loss in children. The primary goal of this report was to evaluate the communication outcomes after cochlear implantation in a child with cystic cochleovestibular anomaly (CCVA). The child was evaluated through various standardized outcome measures at regular intervals to track the progress in terms of auditory and spoken language skills. The scores on Categories of Auditory Perception (CAP), Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (MAIS), Speech Intelligibility Rating (SIR), Meaningful Use of Speech Scale (MUSS), and listening and spoken language skills showed a significant leap in 12 months duration post implantation. The report thus highlights and correlates the significant progress in auditory and spoken language skills of the child with congenital malformations to appropriate auditory rehabilitation and intensive parental training
The potential of Λ and Ξ- studies with PANDA at FAIR
No full textThe antiproton experiment PANDA at FAIR is designed to bring hadron physics to a new level in terms of scope, precision and accuracy. In this work, its unique capability for studies of hyperons is outlined. We discuss ground-state hyperons as diagnostic tools to study non-perturbative aspects of the strong interaction, and fundamental symmetries. New simulation studies have been carried out for two benchmark hyperon-antihyperon production channels: p¯ p→ Λ¯ Λ and p¯ p→ Ξ¯ +Ξ-. The results, presented in detail in this paper, show that hyperon-antihyperon pairs from these reactions can be exclusively reconstructed with high efficiency and very low background contamination. In addition, the polarisation and spin correlations have been studied, exploiting the weak, self-analysing decay of hyperons and antihyperons. Two independent approaches to the finite efficiency have been applied and evaluated: one standard multidimensional efficiency correction approach, and one efficiency independent approach. The applicability of the latter was thoroughly evaluated for all channels, beam momenta and observables. The standard method yields good results in all cases, and shows that spin observables can be studied with high precision and accuracy already in the first phase of data taking with PANDA. © 2021, The Author(s)
Third-order non-linear optical susceptibilities in diffusion modified AlxGa1-xN/GaN single quantum well
No full text
Changing trends in antibiotic prophylaxis in head and neck surgery: Is short-term prophylaxis feasible?
No full textBackground: The duration and dosage of prophylactic antibiotics vary substantially among surgeons. This study explored the outcome and efficiency of short-term antibiotic prophylaxis in head and neck procedures. Methods: One hundred and forty-three patients undergoing various head and neck surgical procedures were included. They were categorized into two groups, clean (Group C) and clean-contaminated (Group CC). They received short-term prophylaxis with intravenous (IV) antibiotics. Group C patients received single dose IV antibiotic at induction and Group CC received antibiotic for 3 days. The scoring methods such as American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) score, National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) score, and additional treatment, discharge, erythema, purulent discharge, separation of deep tissue, isolation of bacteria and stay (ASEPSIS) were used. Scoring methods were used to analyze the risk factors and complications up to a period of 4 weeks postoperatively. Results: There were 83 patients in Group C and 60 patients in Group CC. Parameters such as body weight, body mass index (BMI), biochemical and hematological parameters along with surgical details, and postoperative wound assessment were analyzed. A significant association of surgical site infection (SSI) with BMI, anemia, hypoalbuminemia, and tobacco usage was noted along with a high incidence of SSI in surgical procedures involving the larynx. There was no significant relationship with ASA score and NNIS score. Conclusion: Short-term antibiotic prophylaxis in clean and clean-contaminated cases is feasible and effective as long-term prophylaxis. Correction of anemia, hypoalbuminemia, weight reduction, and avoidance of tobacco can prevent SSIs
Assessment of calcium homeostasis after total thyroidectomy in differentiated thyroid carcinoma
No full textBackground: After total thyroidectomy, hypocalcaemia can be transient or permanent. Most of the patients are being prescribed long term calcium supplementation despite preserving parathyroid glands. We have tried to study the various calcium homeostatic factors to predict the long term calcium levels in differentiated thyroid carcinoma following total thyroidectomy. Method: Study was conducted in a tertiary care centre and a total number of 28 patients of differentiated thyroid carcinoma were retrospectively analysed who underwent surgery from 2013 - 2015. Post surgery patients were given thyroxine and calcium supplementation with regular monitoring of thyroid function test and serum calcium. Serum Parathormone(PTH) levels were recorded after minimum of one year of completion of surgery. Results: Out of 28 patients, 26 patients have serum parathormone within normal range (15-65 pg/ml). Only two patients have low serum PTH values (<15pg/ml). Total number of 23 patients are taking calcium supplementation out of which 21 patients have normal parathormone value. None of the patients without calcium supplementation have low parathormone levels. Conclusion: Our study reveals optimum calcium homeostasis in patients undergoing total thyroidectomy. A long term follow up of these patients is required so that many patients with normal PTH levels may not require calcium supplementation
Postauricular Transcanal Posterior Tympanectomy (PT<sup>2</sup>) Approach – A Modified Surgical Technique for Jugulotympanic Paragangliomas
No full textIntroduction The surgical management of jugulotympanic paragangliomas has remained challenging. They are the second most common type of tumor of the temporal bone after acoustic neuroma. It has been noticed by the authors that the jugulotympanic paragangliomas may have extensions to the epitympanum and aditus in addition to the mesotympanum and hypotympanum. The modified technique could be an alternative to the conventional facial recess technique for complete removal of the tumors
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