1,077 research outputs found
Do women choose to work in the public and nonprofit sectors? Empirical evidence from a French national survey
No full textWomen are over-represented in public and nonprofit sector jobs. This article aims to bring to light the reasons behind that phenomenon. In particular, do women choose these sectors because they offer female employees specific advantages that are absent from the private sector? The feminization of the public sector can be explained by the fact that women obtain a higher wage gain from choosing this sector than men do. However, this is not true for the nonprofit sector. Working hours - in the form of part-time work in the nonprofit sector and total hours worked in the public sector - appear to play an important role in the over-representation of women in these two sectors. On the other hand, the idea that women are more attracted to the social objectives pursued by public and nonprofit organizations does not appear to play any part. “Family-friendly” measures - aiming to reconcile the demands of family life and professional life - appear to attract women to the public sector, but it is difficult to interpret their influence, because it is impossible to distinguish between the attractiveness of these measures and the result of professional segregation in the public sector.women’ employment choices; nonprofit sector; public sector; firms family-friendly policies
Would you accept this job? An evaluation of the decision utility of workers in the for-profit and nonprofit sectors.
No full textIn this paper, we intend to evaluate the determinants of the decision utility of workers from the for-profit and nonprofit sectors. In our setting, decision utility is the weight assigned by workers to the expected benefits from job offers. For that purpose, we use the methodology of conjoint analysis that collects experimental data on workers’ stated preferences towards hypothetical job offers characterized by ten attributes. Intrinsic motivation of nonprofit workers is investigated by specifically analyzing the influence on decision utility of three of these attributes, namely wages, working time and loyalty from the employer. The results show evidence of motivational differences between the two groups. First, nonprofit workers attain their maximum decision utility at a longer working time, showing superior intrinsic motivation for work. Furthermore, they are ready to abandon a higher percentage of their wage in order to work for another extra hour than for-profit workers as long as the working week is inferior to 33 hours. Finally, our findings show that for-profit workers evaluate more highly job offers with labour contract including explicit clause where higher effort is exchanged for employer’s loyalty. In contrast, nonprofit workers do not obtain higher utility from such a deal. We interpret this result as evidence of their intrinsic motivation. As the nature of the implicit goals pursued in the nonprofit sector provides them with high work morale, they do not obtain any gain in utility from an explicit clause of employer’s loyalty.nonprofit workers, intrinsic motivation, conjoint analysis
Les salariés du secteur associatif sont-ils davantage intrinsèquement motivés que ceux du secteur privé ?
No full textThe nonprofit sector differs from the for-profit sector both in its more socially-oriented goals and in its different entrepreneurship methods. It may therefore appeal to workers whose job choices are guided by non-monetary considerations. Nonprofit organizations may thus attract more intrinsically motivated workers than for-profit firms. Our empirical analysis uses the French Labor-Force Survey. The results show that nonprofit workers – unlike for-profit workers – deliberately agree to work for lower wages than they could have obtained in the for-profit sector. These results therefore suggest that nonprofit workers report higher levels of intrinsic motivation than their for-profit counterparts.Le secteur associatif, qui se distingue du secteur privé par ses objectifs plus sociaux et par une manière d’entreprendre différente, est susceptible de séduire des travailleurs guidés par des motivations non pécuniaires dans le choix de leur activité professionnelle. Les associations seraient donc susceptibles d’attirer des salariés davantage intrinsèquement motivés que ne le font les entreprises privées. L’analyse empirique menée dans cet article utilise des données issues de plusieurs enquêtes Emploi. Elle montre que les salariés du secteur associatif, à la différence de leurs homologues du secteur privé, ont volontairement accepté des salaires en moyenne plus faibles que ceux qu’ils auraient pu percevoir au sein des entreprises privées. Elle semble donc confirmer une motivation intrinsèque plus forte chez les salariés des associations.Narcy Mathieu. Les salariés du secteur associatif sont-ils davantage intrinsèquement motivés que ceux du secteur privé ? . In: Économie & prévision, n°188, 2009-2. pp. 81-99
Analysis of Mathieu Equation Stable Solutions in the First Zone of Stability
No full textAbstractThe paper presents the results of a homogeneous Mathieu equation studies. Mathieu equation solutions are oscillations, modulated in amplitude and frequency. In the computational experiments we found dependences of the given oscillations on the ratio of the coefficients. These dependences are shown in graphs that can be used for an approximate estimation of the Mathieu equation solutions without integration
Pensar las escalas para pensar las luchas: Autor: Mathieu UHEL
No full textA través de un título sugerente, “pensar las escalas para pensar las luchas”, Mathieu Uhel entreteje la construcción teórico-crítica del concepto escala, generada por la geografía radical anglosajona de finales del siglo XX, con la necesidad/utilidad práctica de la escala para concienciar las luchas sociales. El artículo cumple un doble propósito: por un lado, delinear los elementos de lectura sobre el concepto escala; y, con ello, promover la atención de esta problemática en las luchas contemporáneas. En un primer apartado, Uhel ubica las discusiones académicas en torno a la escala, como herramienta metodológica útil para comprender la complejidad de las sociedades capitalistas; en el segundo apartado, el autor avanza la exposición en torno al contexto de la dimensión escalar del imperialismo capitalista; finalmente, el autor se centra en el rol de la actividad política a escala nacional en la tensa relación entre las imposiciones del capital y la lucha social.Por meio de um título sugestivo, “pensando escalas para pensar lutas”, Mathieu Uhel entrelaça a construção teórico-crítica do conceito de escala, gerado pela geografia radical anglo-saxônica do final do século XX, com a necessidade / utilidade prática escala para aumentar a consciência das lutas sociais. O artigo tem um duplo propósito: por um lado, delinear os elementos de leitura sobre o conceito de escala; e, com isso, promover atenção a esse problema nas lutas contemporâneas. Na primeira seção, Uhel localiza as discussões acadêmicas em torno da escala, como uma ferramenta metodológica útil para compreender a complexidade das sociedades capitalistas; na segunda seção, o autor avança a exposição em torno do contexto da dimensão escalar do imperialismo capitalista; por fim, o autor enfoca o papel da atividade política em escala nacional na tensa relação entre as imposições do capital e a luta social.Mathieu Uhel\u27s suggestive title, “Thinking about scales to think about struggles”, he interweaves the theoretical-critical construction of concept scale, generated by radical Anglo-Saxon geography in the late 20th century, with it´s practical utility to social struggles. The article serves two purposes: on the one hand, Uhel locates academic discussion around scale; and, with this, he promotes attention to this problem in contemporary struggles. In the first section, Uhel locates academic discussions around scale, as a useful methodological tool to understand the complexity of capitalist societies; in the second section, the author advances the argument around the context of the scalar dimension of capitalist imperialism; finally, the author focuses on the role of political activity on a national scale in the tense relationship between the impositions of capital and the social movement
Would nonprofit workers accept to earn less? Evidence from France
No full textThis article focuses on wage differentials between French nonprofit, for-profit and public sectors. Considering the public sector allows testing more extensively the labour donation theory (Preston, 1989). The findings support this theory because nonprofit workers accept to earn significantly less than they would earn in the for-profit and public sectors. They also suggest differences in the motivations of workers in these sectors. Nonprofit workers are attracted to their work for reasons transcending material compensation.
Changements dans les entreprises et accès des seniors à la formation continue : une comparaison entre les années 1990 et 2000
No full textUne version courte a été publiée dans la Revue Française d'Économie : Greenan N., Narcy M., Robin S., 2012, " Changements au sein des entreprises et accès des seniors à la formation continue dans les années 1990 et 2000 ", in dossier " L'évaluation des politiques publiques ", Revue française d'économie, vol. 27, n° 1, juillet, pp. 129-162.This paper examines whether dynamic work contexts in manufacturing are associated with specific age-training profiles. During the 1990s, we observe a comparative disadvantage of blue collar workers and clerks aged 50 to 59 with regards to training in ICTs. This is no longer visible over the following decade. By contrast, we identify a lower incidence of training in the main task for older workers. These results invite us to think about the specific training needs, when confronted to a changing work environment, of employees who have accumulated more experience.Cet article examine si la dynamique des contextes professionnels dans l'industrie est associée à des profils spécifiques de formation selon l'âge. On observe, au cours des années 1990, un déficit de formation à l'informatique pour les ouvriers et employés de 50-59 ans dans les entreprises ayant un usage avancé des technologies de l'information et de la communication (TIC), déficit qui n'est plus visible pendant la décennie suivante où l'on identifie en revanche un moindre accès des seniors à la formation à la tâche principale. Ces résultats invitent à réfléchir aux besoins spécifiques en formation, face aux changements du travail, des salariés ayant accumulé plus d'expérience
Mathieu Ichou, Les Enfants d’immigrés à l’école
No full textIt is common to hear in the fields of educational and immigration sociology that on average, the children of immigrants do not perform as well in school as children of native-born parents. Mathieu Ichou offers an innovative sociological analysis on a topic that is heavily exploited by political and media discourse, and subject to much scientific controversy. The author takes distance from the homogenized vision of a “second generation” of students who have totally failed academically, and rep..
L'impatto dell'attività tintoria sull'ambiente. Firenze alla fine del Medioevo
No full textThe author aims to examine and categorize the range of dyeings materials used in the Florentine wool and silk textile industries in the late Middle Ages, focusing mainly on those produced within the regional space in order to evaluate the impact of the Florentine dyeing activity on the natural environment and the productive landscape of the Tuscan countryside. In particular, the author establishes a line of demarcation between cultivated and uncultivated resources in order to verify which constitutes an indication of the level of industrial development of medieval textile production. This further focuses on how the transition from the exploitation of wild resources to the exploitation of cultivated resources could reflect a greater degree of economic integration between the countryside and the city and contribute to the formation of a regional economic space
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