50,154 research outputs found
The prevalence of childhood asthma in China: a systematic review
No full textExtent: 10p.Background: It is well known that the prevalence of asthma has been reported to increase in many places around the world during the last decades. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify and review studies of asthma prevalence among children in China and address time trends and regional variation in asthma. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases. Selected articles had to describe an original study that showed the prevalence of asthma among children aged 0−14 years. Results: A total of 74 articles met the inclusion criteria. The lifetime prevalence of asthma varied between 1.1% in Lhasa (Tibet) and 11.0% in Hong Kong in studies following the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) protocol. The prevalence was 3% or lower in most articles following Chinese diagnostic criteria. One article reported the results from two national surveys and showed that the current average prevalence of asthma for the total study population had increased from 1990 to 2000 (0.9% to 1.5%). The lowest current prevalence was found in Lhasa (0.1% in 1990, 0.5% in 2000). Conclusions: The prevalence of childhood asthma was generally low, both in studies following the ISAAC and Chinese diagnostic criteria. Assessment of time trends and regional variations in asthma prevalence was difficult due to insufficient data, variation in diagnostic criteria, difference in data collection methods, and uncertainty in prevalence measures. However, the findings from one large study of children from 27 different cities support an increase in current prevalence of childhood asthma from 1990 to 2000. The lowest current prevalence of childhood asthma was found in Tibet.Yangzong Yangzong, Zumin Shi, Per Nafstad, Lise Lund Håheim, Ouzhu Luobu and Espen Bjertnes
Author Self-Citation in the Turkish Otorhinolaryngology Literature
No full textObjective:To evaluate the prevalence and other characteristics of author self-citations in six Turkey-originated general otorhinolaryngology (ORL) journals of Turkish ORL literature.Methods:A total of 970 articles published in six Turkey-originated general ORL journals (ENT Updates, Journal of Ear Nose Throat and Head Neck Surgery, KBB-Forum, Praxis of Otorhinolaryngology, The Turkish Journal of Ear Nose and Throat, and Turkish Archives of Otorhinolaryngology) in 2016-2020 were analyzed for author self-citations. The association between author self-citations and journal types, study types, study topics, country of origin, and compatibility with the topic were also evaluated.Results:There were 265 author self-citations (0.273 per article) which corresponded to 1.36% of all citations. There was no significant difference between the journal types, study topics, and origin of the studies in terms of mean self-citation values per study, whereas case reports had significantly lower self-citations than review and original investigations. There were three citations (1.1%) that were irrelevant to the study topic.Conclusion:To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that investigated the practice of author self-citation in Turkish ORL literature. Author self-citation rate in the Turkish-originated general ORL journals was found remarkably lower than the medical literature, whereas the self-citations were found compatible with the study topic to a very large extent. Members of the scientific community including authors, readers, and journal editors should be cautious regarding the unethical practices of self-citations
Helsefremmende ledelse - En kvalitativ studie av kjenntegn på helsefremmende lederatferder i en kunnskapsbedrift
No full textSom følge av et moderne arbeidsliv i stadig endring, har oppmerksomheten vedrørende helsefremmende arbeidsplasser økt betraktelige de siste årene. Den norske arbeidsmiljøloven fremhever den helsefremmende orienteringen innledningsvis, hvor lovens formål blant annet er å sikre et arbeidsmiljø som gir grunnlag for en helsefremmende og meningsfull arbeidssituasjon for arbeidstakere. For å oppnå dette, er det nødvendig med kunnskap om hva som kan stimulere arbeidstakeres helsefremmende prosesser. I tråd med at ledelse er funnet å ha innflytelse på arbeidstakeres helsetilstand, er formålet med denne studien å identifisere kjennetegn på lederatferder til ledere som lykkes med å fremme helse hos sine medarbeidere i en kunnskapsbedrift. Med utgangspunkt i et tidligere forskningsprosjekt på sykefravær i en kunnskapsbasert IT-bedrift, er studiens datamateriale innhentet gjennom dybdeintervjuer med tre gruppeledere i samme bedrift. Med bruk av tematisk analyse av intervjuene, ble det identifisert fire overordnede temaer som oppsummerer informantenes gjennomgående lederatferder som synes å ha positiv innflytelse på deres medarbeideres helsefremmende prosesser: skape en god kommunikasjonsflyt, ha fokus på medarbeidernes utvikling, inkludere hver enkelt medarbeider og tilrettelegge for gruppeharmoni. Studien argumenterer for at ledere kan bidra til å skape helsefremmende kunnskapsbedrifter ved å praktisere transformasjonsledelse og tilrettelegge for at deres medarbeidere har en tilfredsstillende balanse mellom jobbkrav og –ressurser. Studiens funn understøttes av salutogenese som en førende teori på hvordan man kan fremme helse, empowerment som kjerneverdi for helsefremmende arbeid og ENWHP sine forutsetninger for helsefremmende arbeidsplasser
Helsefremmende ledelse - En kvalitativ studie av kjenntegn på helsefremmende lederatferder i en kunnskapsbedrift
No full textSom følge av et moderne arbeidsliv i stadig endring, har oppmerksomheten vedrørende helsefremmende arbeidsplasser økt betraktelige de siste årene. Den norske arbeidsmiljøloven fremhever den helsefremmende orienteringen innledningsvis, hvor lovens formål blant annet er å sikre et arbeidsmiljø som gir grunnlag for en helsefremmende og meningsfull arbeidssituasjon for arbeidstakere. For å oppnå dette, er det nødvendig med kunnskap om hva som kan stimulere arbeidstakeres helsefremmende prosesser. I tråd med at ledelse er funnet å ha innflytelse på arbeidstakeres helsetilstand, er formålet med denne studien å identifisere kjennetegn på lederatferder til ledere som lykkes med å fremme helse hos sine medarbeidere i en kunnskapsbedrift. Med utgangspunkt i et tidligere forskningsprosjekt på sykefravær i en kunnskapsbasert IT-bedrift, er studiens datamateriale innhentet gjennom dybdeintervjuer med tre gruppeledere i samme bedrift. Med bruk av tematisk analyse av intervjuene, ble det identifisert fire overordnede temaer som oppsummerer informantenes gjennomgående lederatferder som synes å ha positiv innflytelse på deres medarbeideres helsefremmende prosesser: skape en god kommunikasjonsflyt, ha fokus på medarbeidernes utvikling, inkludere hver enkelt medarbeider og tilrettelegge for gruppeharmoni. Studien argumenterer for at ledere kan bidra til å skape helsefremmende kunnskapsbedrifter ved å praktisere transformasjonsledelse og tilrettelegge for at deres medarbeidere har en tilfredsstillende balanse mellom jobbkrav og –ressurser. Studiens funn understøttes av salutogenese som en førende teori på hvordan man kan fremme helse, empowerment som kjerneverdi for helsefremmende arbeid og ENWHP sine forutsetninger for helsefremmende arbeidsplasser
Applicativo web per audioguide - HooRMI Author
No full textHooRMI Author è la parte da content creator del progetto HooRMI.
La dissertazione si concentra sul funzionamento HooRMI Author, ovvero di come viene permesso all'utente di produrre contenuti video basati sulla propria posizione acquisita tramite tecnologia Plus code e caricarli sul proprio canale Youtube. I contenuti risulteranno pronti per essere selezionati e fruiti dai turisti, grazie alla profonda personalizzazione dei metadati associati ad ogni clip
Sectoral allocation by gender of Latin American workers over the liberalization period of the 1990s
No full textThe recent restructuring of Latin American economies has renewed interest in the effects of trade liberalization, on labor markets, and on the gender division of labor. The author does not attempt to establish casuality between economic reforms, and the types of jobs that men and women hold. Instead, she provides a detailed description of the trends in male, and female formal, and informal sector participation during the economic reform period in Argentina, Brazil, and Costa Rica. The author first compares the gender composition of the formal, informal wage, and self-employment sectors in a year before reforms (1988 for Argentina, 1989 for Brazil, and Costa Rica), and a year after reforms implementation (1997 for Argentina, 1995 for Brazil and Costa Rica). Although women continued to be more likely than men to work in the informal wage sector, there is no trend of"masculinization"or"feminization"of the informal sector, or any other. Instead, in Argentina men have overtaken women as the most prevalent workers in the informal wage sector, while in Brazil, the opposite has occurred (as men move into self-employment). In Costa Rica there have been no statistical, observable changes. The author then considers the distribution across sectors within each gender group, to identify whether men, and women are more likely to select different sectors in the post-reform period relative to the pre-reform period. Among both men, and women in all three countries (except Brazilian men), workers have become more likely to hold informal wage jobs, and less likely to hold formal sector jobs. Trends in human capital accumulation explain these changes for both men, and women, while changes in gender roles, primarily in homecare and marriage, do not seem to have an effect.Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Labor Policies,Population&Development,Public Health Promotion,Environmental Economics&Policies,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Environmental Economics&Policies,Population&Development,Banks&Banking Reform,Work&Working Conditions
Number of 3-grams per author (in thousands).
No full textNumber of 3-grams per author (in thousands).</p
An Electron Microscopic Study of Normal Blood and Bone Marrow in Pigs
No full text The ultrastructure of blood and bone marrow cells in the normal pig was studied; the process of maturation of the different cell types was found to be essentially in accordance with that in other animal species. The eosinophilic granules had a pattern which differed from that in other mammals, being characterized by specific internal structure in the immature stages. During maturation, however, a homogenous appearance supervened. Moreover, the lymphocytic nuclei were found to have irregular shapes as compared with the light microscopic picture. The results are compared to some reported studies of other animal species. </jats:p
Production, productivity per author and per age group of authors of new Siluriformes species descriptions.
No full text<p>Production, black columns, y1 axis; Productivity per author, grey columns, y2 axis; Productivity per age group, striped columns, y2 axis.</p
The dynamics of unreliable narration:Implicit and omitted authors, double narratees and constructive readers in first person unreliable narration
No full textPer Krogh Hansen brings attention to one of the most discussed narratological concepts in recent years, the ‘unreliable narrator’. In the article »The Dynamics of Unreliable Narration«, Hansen is considering to what extent the question of authorial control or intention is relevant when analysing and interpreting unreliable narrators. In the first part of the article, he questions this claimed essentiality of an authorial agent from three different angles: One concerning the border between diegetic and extradiegetic issues. Another with specific focus on unreliable simultaneous narration (first person, present tense). And a third with attention paid to the role of unreliable narrators in factual narratives. In the article, he proposes a model for describing the different dynamic roles the authorial agent, as well as the empirical reader, plays in different forms of unreliable narration. Here, terms like ‘implicit author’, ‘omitted author’, ‘double narratees’ and ‘constructive readers’ are introduced andillustrated by examples of Dennis Cooper and Edgar Allan Poe
- …
