1,721,131 research outputs found
Advanced treatment and disinfection for municipal wastewater reuse in agriculture
No full textIn a 3-year joint research project, approved in 1995 by the European Commission, methods for advanced treatment and disinfection of municipal wastewater to permit reuse in agriculture were investigated. Pathogen inactivation, disinfection by-products (DBP) formation and the cost effectiveness of disinfection methods involving UV rays, ozone (O-3) and peracetic acid (PAA were evaluated. The investigation was carried out on municipal effluents which had received different degrees of treatment (secondary, clarified, clarified-filtered) in a 100 m(3)/h pilot plant that was designed, built and operated at West Bari (S. Italy) municipal wastewater treatment plant. Under the experimental conditions investigated, the WHO microbial guideline for unrestricted reuse of wastewater in agriculture (1,000 CFU/100ml for Faecal Coliforms) was easily achieved with all three disinfectants, while the corresponding Italian standard (2 CFU/100ml) was effectively met only with UV at an O&M cost in the range 17.5-35 EURO/1000m(3). Log-inactivation values greater than or equal to 5 for both UV and PAA and greater than or equal to 3 for O-3 were obtained; selected pathogens were affected by UV and, in part, by O-3. No DBPs were detected with UV and PAA, while limited formation of aldehydes was found with O-3
Clean up of heavy hydrocarbons contaminated groundwater by oil belt skimmer technology
No full textThe oil belt skimmer consists of a continuously moving belt that runs on a pulley system driven by an electric motor. Typically, belt skimmers remove very little water with the contaminant. Taking into account this consideration, the objective of our work was to verify the applicability of oil belt skimmer technology for the remediation of a groundwater polluted by heavy hydrocarbons. For this purpose, two fields of study were addressed: (i) hydrodynamic study of supernatant layer and (ii) study of the oil belt skimmer plant. The obtained results showed the feasibility of the oil belt skimmer technology in recovering oil from groundwater with a recovery efficiency of 98%. Furthermore, results showed how the recovery of oil depends primarily on the amount of emulsion (water + oil) existing initially. Considering full-scale experimentations, they showed that, after 1 year of trial, the recovery percentage were 75%, 84% and 87% for the skimmers installed in correspondence of carwash, fuel tank and repair shop (pollutions sources), respectively. Moreover, the recovery capacity of the skimmer depends on the rainfall pattern and the max recovery capacities have always occurred after intense and short rain. Still, the recovery capacity depends also on the fluctuation of groundwater in turn influenced by the sea. Although the percentage of recovery of the pump and treat was greater than in the case of the oil belt skimmer, the investigated technology allow to reduce the amount of waste to be disposed respect to the pump and treat technology. Therefore, the oil belt skimmer represents an excellent alternative for the remediation of contaminated groundwater
Advanced treatment for municipal wastewater reuse in agriculture. UV disinfection: parasite removal and by-product formation
No full textThis paper reports the experimental results of a pilot-scale (100 mVh) investigation, carded out at the West Bari
(S. Italy) municipal wastewater treatment plant, focused on parasite removal and disinfection by-product (DBP)
formation during the UV disinfection of clarified (CL) and clarified-filtered (F) secondary municipal effluents at
doses necessary for achieving the Italian microbial limit for unrestricted reuse ofwastewater in agriculture (2 CFU/
100ml of total coliforms). The investigation demonstrated that parasites like Giardia lamblia cysts and
Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts were both significantly affected by UV radiation and that potential UV-promoted
formation of DBPs (nitro-phenols and N-nitroso-amines) did not occur according to GC/MS and LC/MS analytical
evidences. O&M costs ranged from ~ 17.5 up to E 35/1000 m 3 for effluent F and CL respectively
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Demonstration of epidermal growth factor receptor in colorectal adenocarcinoma by enzyme immunoassay.
No full textThe epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was investigated by an enzyme immunoassay in neoplastic tissue and surrounding mucosa from 43 patients with colorectal cancer. This study found a positivity of 86% in normal samples and a positivity of 93% in neoplastic ones. In normal tissue samples, EGFR levels were 162 +/- 129 ng Ab B/mg protein, while in colorectal neoplastic samples EGFR levels were 228 +/- 135 ng Ab B/mg protein. This difference was statistically significant (p < 0.01). There was a significant correlation between the EGFR levels in neoplastic tissue and those in surrounding mucosa (r = 0.75). In 5 of 43 patients, the EGFR was evaluated also by Western blotting with three different anti-EGFR antibodies, of which one was biotin-conjugated. The presence of a 170-kDa band was detected. Moreover, by using the anti-EGFR mAb biotin conjugate a 90-kDa band was also detected
Inquinamento atmosferico da PM10 nel comune ad alta concentrazione industriale di Taranto
No full text- …
