1,721,101 research outputs found
Faith-Based Organisations (FBO): a review of literature on their nature and contrasting identities with NGO in community development intervention
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Faith-Based Organisations (FBO): a review of literature on their nature and contrasting identities with NGO in community development intervention
No full textOrganizations with a faith basis play a dominant role within the development sector. In the latter half of the twenty-first century, many faith-based organizations (FBOs), motivated by their religious faith and beliefs, began to work beyond their own borders to improve the material well-being of the world’s poor. However, despite the significant presence of FBOs within the arena of aid and development, little agreement exists within the development literature as to the similarity or distinction between aid agencies that are faith based and secular. This study reviews the existing literature on the nature of the FBOs in order to analyse how FBOs are understood in relation to NGOs. It also suggests a number of different typologies that captures these diverse ranges of views of how FBOs are understood.</jats:p
5G-Kube: Complex Telco Core Infrastructure Deployment Made Low-Cost
Get PDFNetwork Function Virtualization (NFV) along with Software Defined Networking (SDN) have brought an evolution in telecommunications laying out the bases for 5G networks and its softwarization. Accordingly, new implementations of telecom standards, such as the 3GPP 5G Core, are defined as fully-virtualized infrastructures consisting of different components and leveraging a cloud-native approach. At the same time, standard-oriented solutions, such as ETSI Management and Orchestration (MANO), have emerged to master the complexity of Virtualized Network Functions (VNFs) orchestration, including 5G Core VNFs. While MANO operates at the NFV level, it also leverages existing cloud infrastructures for the deployment of VNFs by interoperating with resource orchestrators at the cloud level. From the business perspective, that requires telco operators to interact with different technology providers, from NFV/MANO software producers to cloud computing providers, and to hire technicians proficient in the technologies of both telco and computing worlds, that are a rather difficult human resourcing to find. The main claim of the article is that the Development and Operations (DevOps) tools in the IT world are mature enough to leverage them directly in the telco world, without superimposing other interlaced standard/software. That allows to significantly reduce OPEX cost of complex telco infrastructures by supporting all needed automation and by avoiding the combined use of (too) complex layered standards/software stacks, such as in the case of MANO. Accordingly, in this article, we leverage container-based technologies and Kubernetes to design and evaluate a novel deployment approach, called 5G-Kube, for softwarized 5G core networks. 5G-Kube, which is openly to the community, has been also evaluated in two different use cases of the 5G Core and Kubernetes deployment fitting, namely, Industry 4.0 and Smart Cities
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
A method validation of modified pressurized liquid extraction - gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the determination of 3- and 2- monochloropropanediols fatty acid esters and glycidol esters in selected food products / Noor Asma Shaari
Get PDFThe aim of the study is to establish the detection method for 3-, 2- monochloropropanediols Fatty Acid Esters (MCPDE) and glycidol Esters (GE) using modified pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) and gas chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS). The PLE was adopted and modified (duration time of heating and number of static cycles) for reduced solvent volume and process time (to extract lipid from chocolate spread, infant formula, potato chips and sweetened creamer. The solvent selected for PLE was a mixture of iso-hexane and acetone at 100 °C with the lipid and analyte recovery ranging from 96.9% to 98.6% and 84.1% to 107.5%, respectively. The derivatization of analytes was adopted from American Oil Chemists’ Society Official (AOCS) method Cd29a-13 for GC-MS analysis. The results showed that the coefficient of determination (R2) of all analytes was > 0.99. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.1 mg kg-1 expressed in lipid basis for both 3- and 2-MCPDE, and 0.2 mg kg-1 expressed in lipid basis for GE. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) was 0.3 mg kg-1 expressed in lipid basis for both 3- and 2-MCPDE, and 0.6 mg kg-1 expressed in lipid basis for GE. A blank spiked with 3- and 2-MCPDE (0.3, 2.1 and 7.2 mg kg-1) and GE (0.6, 4.7 and 16.6 mg kg-1) were chosen for accuracy and precision tests. The recoveries were between the range of 91.7% to 105.9%. Both repeatability and within-laboratory reproducibility of the analysis were within the acceptable level of precision ranging from 1.7% to 16%. This is the first time that full validation procedure extending to both accuracy and precision tests was carried out for sweetened creamer and chocolate spread. Overall, the combined protocol of modified PLE and AOCS Cd29a-13 was successfully validated for both solid and liquid food samples with lipid content from 10% to 30%. A validated method was applied to determine the concentration of 3-, 2- MCPDE and GE in chocolate spread, evaporated creamer, sweetened creamer, milk product and potato chips using modified Pressurised Liquid Extraction -Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. A total of 56 samples was selected from the retail market in Malaysian. The levels of 3-, 2- MCPDE and GE ranged from 0.1 mg kg-1 to 4.84 mg kg-1. Chocolate spread was found to contain the highest concentration of 3- and 2- MCPDE at 4.84 mg kg-1 and 3.37 mg kg-1, respectively. Meanwhile, potato chips contained the highest amount of GE at 4.07 mg kg-1. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the 3-, 2- MCPD and glycidol contents was negatively correlated with fatty acid C16:0 (palmitic acid) and C18:0 (stearic acid)
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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