196,686 research outputs found
Supplemental Material, Updated_MODS-table-of-studies- - Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome
No full textSupplemental Material, Updated_MODS-table-of-studies- for Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome by Nicholas M. Gourd and Nikitas Nikitas in Journal of Intensive Care Medicine</p
Vulnerable Users’ Perceptions of Transport Technologies
No full textAs the global population continues to grow, age and urbanize, it is vital to provide accessible transport so that neither ageing nor disability constitute barriers to social inclusion. While technology can enhance urban access, there is a need to study the ways by which transport technologies - real-time information, pedestrian navigation, surveillance, and road pricing - could be more effectively adopted by users. The reason for this is that some people, and particularly vulnerable populations, are still likely to reluctantly use (or even avoid using) technologies perceived as 'unknown' and 'complicated'. Based on evidence from British and Swedish case studies on older people's perceptions of the aforementioned transport technologies, as well as on a Swedish case study of visually impaired people's perceptions, this article makes the case that technology is only one tool in a complex socio-technical system, and one which brings challenges. The authors also suggest that although vulnerable populations are not homogeneous when expressing attitudes towards transport technologies, their assessment criteria tend to be 'pro-social' as they usually consider that the societal benefits outweigh the personal benefits. Emphasising aspects linked to the technologies' pro-social potential or relevance to the individual user could increase acceptance
Trapped-modes, slow light and collective resonances in metamaterials
No full textA new class of metamaterials exhibiting coherent, collective response has been introduced. It is shown that the sharp resonant behaviour of coherent metamaterials can only be observed in arrays of metamaterial elements and is absent from the response of a single isolated unit cell. As a result, such arrays are extremely sensitive to positional disorder and resonances degrade rapidly with increasing randomization. These observed strong inter-element interactions render coherent metamaterials ideal candidates for gain-assisted functionalities as demonstrated by the suggestion and numerical study of a novel amplifying/lasing device, termed the 'lasing spaser'. An antipode class of incoherent metamaterials is also presented, where the resonant response of a single unit and of an infinite array are very similar resulting in weak dependence on disorder. The first metamaterial analogue of electromagnetically induced transparency is demonstrated experimentally and theoretically in essentially planar structures. The phenomenon arises from destructive interference of fields radiated by strongly coupled metamaterial elements that support anti-symmetric weakly-radiating current configurations, termed trapped-modes. This behaviour is accompanied by sharp resonances and steep normal dispersion which leads to long pulse delays. It is shown that cascading of metamaterial slabs increases the bandwidth of the pulse delay effect, while extension to all-angles and all-polarizations is demonstrated by appealing to incoherent metamaterials. The first experimental study of metamaterials with toroidal symmetry is reported. Resonant circular dichroism is observed in a metamaterial consisting of toroidal wire windings. Further numerical investigation attributes the gyrotropic behaviour to current standing waves corresponding to the eigenmodes of the unit cell winding. Multipole expansion of the resonant current configurations indicates a dominant electric dipole-magnetic dipole contribution to gyrotropy followed by electric dipole-electric quadrupole order effects, while a non-negligible toroidal response comparable to electric quadrupole in scattering efficiency also emerges. Finally, collective effects are studied in quasicrystal hole arrays and it is demonstrated that non-resonant scatterers can lead to strong lattice resonances and extraordinary transmission even in the case of quasi-periodicity. Microwave and optical quasicrystal patterns exhibit similar response exceeding predictions based on absence of inter-element interactions and even reaching a nearly invisible state in the microwave part of the spectrum
Bike-Sharing: Is Safety an Issue Adversely Affecting its Potential for Being Embraced by Urban Societies?
No full textUsing bicycles on an ‘as-needed’ basis, usually for a small rental fee and without the externalities and obligations linked to bicycle ownership, is what makes public bicycles a societally affordable medium to enhance the transition to a more sustainable urban transport paradigm. However, despite its distinctive character in terms of its potential to be a mechanism transforming in some degree urban mobility to a shared responsibility regime, bike-sharing still faces some of the same safety concerns associated with ordinary bicycle ridership. The most common problem for cyclists’ wellbeing is that the traffic system is designed predominately from a car-user perspective. Even the cities that have recently implemented public bicycle programmes, and therefore showed some extra care to provide fitting urban conditions for them, have not yet achieved to fully eclipse car-orientation as the prime cornerstone of their development norms. This means that transport systems worldwide do not necessarily take fully into account the main characteristics of cyclists reflecting safety themes: a cyclist is vulnerable (in a crash), flexible (in behaviour), instable (may fall off the bike), inconspicuous (difficult to see), has differing abilities (due to a wide range of the population), is conscious of effort (i.e., highly motivated to minimize energy expenditure), and sometimes seen as intruders in the traffic systems, rather than as an integral part. This work refers to the results of a research scheme that meant to examine road users’ attitudes directly reflecting public acceptability towards two bike-sharing schemes in Drama (Greece, 50.000 residents) and Gothenburg (Sweden, 500.000 residents). Although safety was not the principal initiative for doing this dual study, one key conclusion was that many people could not embrace bike-sharing due to their perceptions that bicycle represents in general an unsafe travel mode and that their cities provide only limited road safety for cyclists
Bernoulli's Transformation of the Response of an Elastic Body and Damping
No full textBernoulli's transformation and the related separation of variables method or modal analysis as classically applied to the partial differential equation of motion of an elastic continuum will always conclude an undamped response. However, this conclusion lacks reliability, since the underlying analysis assumes either integrandwise differentiability (i.e. differentiation and integration signs are interchangeable) or termwise differentiability (i.e. the derivative of an infinite series of terms equals the sum of the derivatives of the terms) for Bernoulli's transformation, which not only is responsible for the undamped response but also is arbitrary.
This paper using Bernoulli's transformation examines an elastic uniform column ruled by the generalized Hooke’s law and subjected to axial surface tractions at its free end or a free axial vibration, and shows that the above differentiability assumptions underlying classical analysis are equivalent and actually constitute a limitation to the class of the response functions. Only on this limitation, damping appears to be inconsistent with the elastic column response. Removing the limitation through nontermwise differentiability of Bernoulli’s transformation results in a damped response of the elastic column, which indicates that damping actually complies with the generalized Hooke’s law as applied to elastic continua
TwitterFM: An Experimental Application in Entertainment and Social Broadcasting
No full textPart 6: Short PapersInternational audienceWe describe TwitterFM a web application that explores ways by which social broadcasting via Twitter can be enriched with entertainment features. The system views Twitter as a dynamic set of 'radio stations', each one transmitting under a keyword (hashtag). The user can 'tune in' to the radio stations he wants. Once this happens all messages transmitted by this station are rendered into speech via TTS accompanied with music selected by the user and/or the system. TwitterFM analyzes the affective content of each rendered message and colors accordingly the sub-window in which it is displayed
Dr. Duane M. Jackson, Morehouse College, July 2011
No full textThis video is a conversation with Dr. Duane M. Jackson. Dr. Jackson talks about his paper, "Recall and the Serial Position Effect: The Role of Primacy and Recency on Accounting Students' Performance." Jackie Daniel, AUC Woodruff Library, is the interviewer
"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States" By M. Carey.
No full text"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States: containing bried sketches of the moral and political character of those states.
By M. Carey, member of the American philosophical, and of the American Antiquarian Society, and author of The Olive Branch, Cindiciae Hibernicae, essays on banking, on political economy, and on internal improvement.
To which are now added the English editor's comments on the subject; together with Important Advice to Emigrants, and Cautions Against Impositions Practiced in the Outports
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Dr. Glendon Swarthout
No full textHosted by Roger M. Busfield, MSU Assistant Professor of Speech and Theater, Meet the Author is designed to introduce a general audience to a contemporary author and their work through in-depth interviews. This episode features a conversation between Dr. Glendon Swarthout, prolific author and English professor at MSU, and assistant professors Sam S. Baskett and Theodore B. Strandness
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