1,720,991 research outputs found
Oscenità e corpi: processi di normalizzazione e resistenza in soggetti richiedenti elemosina
Full text linkSome bodies in public space are judged and treated as if they were obscene objects because of their potential on the suspencion of people’s everyday certainties.
They are bodies that appear alarming and contagious, weakening and generating confusion about the own ideals of being normal and the analogous values and symbolic systems. On the street, the beggar can effectively illustrate the configurations of the obscene, representing the other and different body.
From daily life observations, here we want to explore the concept of obscenity as an analytical category, also applicable to the bodies commonly excluded and placed to the borders. Particularly, the analysis will follow three perspectives: a) the analysis of bodies in public and the look of the other in the construction and negotiation of the identity; b) the discourses and dispositives of visibility of the subordination and the process of incorporation; c) the practices of resistance, that are the uses of the body and of the symbols intended as possibilities of breakup of the requests and expectations that administer roles and relationships
Identità in trasformazione. Processi di costruzione narrativa dell'identità e della diagnosi nei percorsi di transizione di genere
Full text linkThe research moves from a postmodern paradigm and from the theoretical perspectives of Symbolic Interactionism (Mead, 1934; Blumer, 1969) and of Social Constructionism (Gergen, 1985; Berger e Luckmann, 1966).
According to this theoretical framework, the different aspects related to identities and gender are considered plural and mutable processes of construction, historically and culturally situated and interconnected to the dimensions of the discourse and narratives, of doing and of the performance in every context of daily life (West e Zimmerman, 1987; Denzin, 2003; Salvini, 2011).
There are three main objectives of the research and they concern the analysis of the discursive processes of construction of the identity related to the biographies and the narratives of gender transitions; the analysis of the discursive processes connected to the mental health professionals’ practices related to gender transitions, the diagnostic process and the psychological services, as well as possible attributions of sense on the interlocutors’ biographies by mental health professionals; and the reflection on the implications of such discursive processes and narratives in the psychological and psychiatric practices and in the processes of negotiation of meanings among professionals and people in transition, on the light of the complexity of the narratives and the exigencies of people.
Narrative interviews (Hermanns, 2004) with 25 people in transition and episodic interviews (Flick, 2007) with 11 professional figures have been deployed. Both types of interviews allow to highlight points of view and personal theories used by the participants to give sense to the process of gender transition and the own experience, told and reconstructed in the dialogue. The methods for the analysis have included discourse analysis (Potter e Wheterell, 1987) and narrative analysis, in particular the version of dialogic-performative analysis (Riessman, 2008), through the identification of interpretive repertoires and self-positions. Narrative and discursive processes have been analyzed underlying the pragmatic and performative elements and the multivoiceness, mine included, as researcher in relation to the others.
From the analysis of the interviews, different voices and discourses related to the own biography, as well as to the practices by the professionals, emerge. For the first objective, different narrative and discursive modalities underlie the impact and the pragmatic effect of some dimensions of meaning, such as those related to the ideal or reconstructed “normality”, to the “right-wrong body”, to the deterministic “nature”, to the interpersonal “recognition”, to “pathology” or “deviance” and finally, to the agency and the idiosyncraticity in the construction of the identity. For the second objective, it is possible to underlie the impact and the pragmatic effect of other dimensions of meaning, such as “gender dysphoria” as an ambiguous category, the “adaptation to reality” as an assumption in the transition, “subjectivity versus objectivity”, the “non-binary people” as a dilemma and finally, the “responsibility” and the “power” as critical and relevant aspects in the clinical practice.
This research can contribute to highlight the narrative specificities and the exigencies of both groups, and in particular of the people in transition. This can be useful in order to inform and to offer further elements for the comprehension of trans experiences and life stories in the clinical field, problematizing the concept of diagnosis. Finally, the results can contribute to a reflexive knowledge of the clinical work for the gender transition, referring to the different modalities of signify both the diagnosis and the relationship and their pragmatic effects
Trans people's attitudes and beliefs regarding the diagnosis of gender dysphoria: Research in the italian context
No full textLa rappresentazione del costrutto “scienza” nei manuali diagnostici. Una ricerca esplorativa sull’uso del termine scientifico nell’ICD-10, nel DSM-5 e nel PDM.
Full text linkCada disciplina teórica se caracteriza por la búsqueda de un grado definido de carácter científico que la puede legitimar. En la comprensión de los fenómenos psicológicos en psicología se pueden encontrar expresiones lingüísticas, criterios científicos e implicaciones pragmáticas diferentes. En sta investigación intentamos de explorar los significados de la utilización del término 'científico' en algunos manuales diagnósticos: icd-10, dsm-5 y pdm. El método utilizado fue el de la representación perspicaz, es decir, un sistema de análisis lingüístico destinado a identificar algunas unidades simbólicas presentes en los manuales. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron subrayar los significados relacionados con diferentes formas de entender la cientificidad y presentar algunas propuestas prácticas. En conclusión, puede destacarse cómo el uso de la construcción 'ciencia' y las expresiones lingüísticas relacionadas con esta, son muy diferentes en los tres manuales investigados y se refieren a campos de significado muy diferentes entre sí. Finalmente, se subraya la importancia de fundar la construcción 'ciencia' según sus propias referencias conceptuales específicas.Palabras clave: ciencia, lenguaje, diagnosis, epistemología, representación perspicua.Ogni disciplina e approccio teorico si caratterizzano per la ricerca di un definito grado di scientificità che li possa legittimare. Nella comprensione dei fenomeni psicologici e nel campo terogeneo della psicologia clinica si possono trovare espressioni linguistiche e criteri legati alla scienza differenti tra loro, con altrettante ricadute pragmatiche. In questa ricerca si sono esplorati i significati legati all'uso del termine 'scientifico' in alcuni manuali diagnostici: icd-10, dsm-5 e pdm. Il método usato e stato quello della rappresentazione perspicua, ovvero un sistema di analisi linguistica volta a individuare alcune unità simboliche presenti nei manuali. I risultati hanno onsentito di sottolineare i significati legati ai diversi modi di intendere la scientificità e di avanzare lcune proposte operative. In conclusione, si puo? mettere in evidenza come l'uso del costrutto 'scienza' e le espressioni linguistiche ad esso collegate sia molto differente nei tre manuali indagati e fa riferimento a campi di significato molto differenti l'uno dalle altre. Si evidenzia infine l'importanza di fondare il costrutto 'scienza' in funzione dei propri specifici riferimenti concettuali.Parole chiave: linguaggio, diagnosi, epistemología, rappresentazione perspicua
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Early Support for People Who Hear Voices: Exploratory Research on Family Medicine Physicians’ Clinical Practice and Beliefs
Full text linkNowadays the phenomenon of hearing voices represents a very fertile and discussed field of research. In psychological and psychiatric fields, the phenomenon has been described as a normal phenomenon, but also as a prodromal stage and as a symptom of psychosis. Through a qualitative research methodology, the aim was to explore how family medicine physicians configure the phenomenon and its clinical and interactive implications. The present research involved 35 family medicine physicians as figures of primary importance in the approach toward people who start to hear voices. Semi-structured interviews have been used and they have been analyzed by the method of discourse analysis. The results show a remarkable difficulty in understanding the phenomenon in all its complexity and the tendency to consider it a symptom or a prodromal stage of psychopathology. Increasing the knowledge of doctors on the subject is necessary so that their evaluation and choice of intervention match the needs of each patient. We also discuss the importance of promoting the knowledge of the potential meanings taken on by the voices in the context of the personal and family background of the individual hearer, and of collaboration with other relevant professionals and services
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