1,720,954 research outputs found
Pratiques d’utilisation des déchets urbains en agriculture et risques de contamination des sols et des plantes en métaux lourds
No full textUrban waste are used to improve soil fertility in urban agriculture. This study was conducted to analyze the practices to the use of urban waste in vegetable and ceraliers gardens to estimate the risks of soils and plants contamination for heavy metal in Ouagadougou and Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso). Three hundred twenty nine (329) cereal and vegetable farmers were interviewed individually on their pr actices regarding urban waste. Social characteristics of farmers, the farms characteristics, the types of urban waste used and how they are used were documented. Thirty nine percent (39%) of farmers have between 41 and 50 years old. Fifty-six percent (56%) of farmers have not was scolarize. Household garbage, municipal waste, slaughterhouse waste and sewage are main used in addition to manure and chemical amendments. Garbage is sorted before applied to the field by the majority of farmers in Bobo-Dioulasso, but not in Ouagadougou. Twelve percent (12%) and 25% of farmers respectively in Ouagadougou and Bobo-Dioulasso composting waste before application. There is a correlation between the social status (gender and level of education) and the method of treating urban waste before application.Les déchets urbains sont de plus en plus utilisés pour le maintien de la fertilité des sols en zone urbaine. L’objectif de la présente étude était d’analyser les pratiques d’utilisation des déchets urbains à Ouagadougou et à Bobo Dioulasso (Burkina Faso) en vue d’évaluer les risques de contamination des sols et des plantes en métaux lourds. Trois cent vingt-neuf (329) céréaliers et maraichers ont été interviewés pour connaitre les types de déchets urbains utilisés et leur mode d’utilisation, les caractéristiques sociales et les caractéristiques des exploitations. L’étude a montré que les ordures ménagères et municipales, les déchets d’abattoirs, et les eaux usées sont les principaux déchets urbains utilisés. Trente-neuf pour cent (39%) des enquêtés ont un âge compris entre 41 et 50 ans. La plupart sont non scolarisés (56%). A Bobo-Dioulasso les ordures sont triées par la majorité avant leur application au champ, ce qui n’est pas le cas à Ouagadougou. Le compostage des déchets avant application est pratiqué par 12% des agriculteurs à Ouagadougou et 25% des agriculteurs à Bobo-Dioulasso. Il existe une corrélation entre les caractéristiques sociales (le sexe et le niveau scolarisation) et le mode de traitement des déchets urbains avant application
Distribution de la plante parasite Cuscuta australis R. Br dans la ville de Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
No full textThe genus Cuscuta of the Convolvulaceae family includes about 200 species of parasitic plants without roots and leaves called dodders. Dodders infest the stems and leaves of host plants reducing their growth and yield. Cuscuta australis R. Br is the only dodder present in Burkina Faso. The objective of this study is to analyze the distribution of the parasitic plant Cuscuta australis. Through prospecting inOuagadougou, the foci of C. australis were located and their geographical coordinates were recorded, then an inventory of host plants was carried out.The results showed that the districts of Zogona and Gounghin were the most infested with the presence of 51.67% and 50% of the host species respectively. The Tampouy and Wayalghin districts were moderately infested with 33.33% of the species each. The lowest infestation (11.67%) was observed in Tanghin. This reveals that C. australis is distributed in most districts of the Ouagadougou city. These results will alert producers and decision-makers to the need to adopt appropriate control strategies to limit the spread of C. australis and thus minimize agricultural yield losses. Le genre Cuscuta de la famille des Convolvulaceae comporte environ 200 espèces de plantes parasites dépourvu de racines et de feuilles appelées cuscutes. Les cuscutes infestent les tiges et les feuilles desplantes hôtes réduisant leur croissance et leur rendement. Cuscuta australis R. Br est la seule cuscute présente au Burkina Faso. L’objectif de cette étude est d’analyser la distribution de la plante parasite Cuscuta australis. A travers une prospection dans la ville de Ouagadougou, les foyers de C. australis ont été repérés et leurs coordonnées géographiques ont été relevées puis, un inventaire des plantes hôtes a été réalisé.Les résultats ont montré que les quartiers de Zogona et Gounghin étaient les plus infestés, avec respectivement la présence de 51,67% et 50% des espèces hôtes. Les quartiers Tampouy et Wayalghin ont été moyennement infestés avec chacun 33,33% des espèces. La plus faible infestation (11,67 %) a été observée à Tanghin. Ce qui révèle que C. australis est distribuée dans la plupart des quartiers de la villede Ouagadougou. Ces résultats permettront d'alerter les producteurs et les décideurs sur la nécessité d'adopter des stratégies de lutte adaptées pour limiter la propagation de C. australis et minimiser ainsi les pertes de rendement agricole
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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