1,720,953 research outputs found
Analyse agro-anthropométrique d’un milieu sahélien : cas de quelques terroirs en pays Mossi au Burkina Faso
No full textThe rapidly increasing population in rural areas of West Africaa increases the pressure on agricultural production. Development programmers are aimed at increasing the total production in order to meet the nutritional needs of the community and, if possible, to generate excess production. The commercialization of excess production and of livestock cattle and poultry increases the potential financial capacity of the farmers. Development projects in rural areas have often lead to disappointing results.Our study has analysed the legal aspects of land tenure which may interfere with planning and development. Traditional management of land tenure is in conflict with modern laws, which in regions affected by rapidly changing patterns of settlement and agricultural progress is a hindrance for progress. The actual agricultural production has been accurately measured in four types of geographical space which are representative of the main types of situations for land tenure and population settlement in Burkina Faso. Form our micro-analysis based on 14 farms the average production of cereals per capita and per year and the average potential financial capacity could be precisely calculated: average cereal production per capita was between 382 and 559 kg of cereals for 1995. The average potential financial capacity per capita varied between 28 4332 Fcfa and 77 641 F CFA. It was highest in spaces organised according to modern concepts and rules and lowest in spaces populated by recently settled farmers in an unorganised way. Traditional villages had intermediate values for excess production and average potential financial capacity.Assessment of the nutritional status of the community was performed according to well established criteria. Height, triceps skin fold thickness and mid-upper arm circumference were measured in 1483 infants and children aged 0 to 5. Prevalence of stunting and wasting is high: using the Waterlow classification for malnutrition 29.2 & of children are stunted, 3.4 % are wasted and 3.75 % both stunted and wasted. Wasted. Correlations between agricultural production and nutritional status could be made. Our multidisciplinary approach provides a powerful method for assessing human well-being and for choosing appropriate development programmes. It also allows measuring the efficiency of interventions in rural arcas.La croissance démographique accélérée associée à des techniques d’organisation et de production encore rudimentaire entraînent dans la plupart des terroirs villageois du Burkina Faso, une augmentation de la pression sur les ressources naturelles et une dégradation du capital productif.Dans la présente étude nous avons analysé les différents aspects du droit foncier qui pourraient intervenir dans la planification des programmes et projets de développement. La gestion traditionnelle du foncier est quelques en contradiction avec les lois modernes qui, dans les régions soumises à un rapide changement des modes de peuplement et de production, constitue un véritable frein au développement.La production agricole a été évaluée dans quatre (4) types d’espaces géographiques représentant les différents droits fonciers en vigueur dans le plateau central du Burkina Faso. D'après les résultats de la microanalyse effectuée au niveau de 14 exploitations familiales, la production céréalière moyenne et la capacité financière potentielle moyenne par Unité de Main d'oeuvre (UMO) ont pu être évaluées avec précision : pour l’année 1995, la production céréalière moyenne par UMO était comprise entre 382 et 559 ke de céréales et la capacité financière potentielle variait entre 28 432 et 77 641 F CFA. Elles étaient très élevées dans les zones qui sont régies par le droit réglementaire c’est-à-dire selon les lois et concepts modernes et très bas dans les zones de peuplement récent et régies par un droit dit anarchique.Les villages qui sont régis par le droit traditionnel et évolué avaient des valeurs intermédiaires en ce qui concerne l'excédent de production et la capacité financière potentielle par UMO. L'estimation de l’état nutritionnel de la communauté a été réalisée selon des critères bien définis. La taille, le poids, le pli cutané tricipital, le tour de tête et le tour de bras ont été mesurés en 1995 sur 1 483 nourrissons et enfants âgés de 0 à 5 ans. La fréquence des retards de croissance et d’émaciation est élevée : selon la classification sur la malnutrition de Waterlow 29,2 % d’enfants ont un retard de croissance ; 3,4 % sont émaciés et 3,75 % présentent les deux caractères. Les corrélations entre la production agricole et l’état nutritionnel peuvent être ainsi établies.Cette approche multidisciplinaire constitue à notre avis une méthode efficace permettant l'évaluation du bien-être des populations et le choix judicieux des programmes de développement qui participent à l'amélioration des conditions de vie des populations
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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