1,721,287 research outputs found
Syahshiah Najmah Al Lail Fi Riwayah "Layali Turkistan" Li Najib Al Kailani : Tahlili Nafsi Inda Sigmund Freud
Get PDFNovel “Malam-Malam Turkistan” adalah salah satu novel karya Najib Al-Kaelani. Novel ini bercerita tentang perjalanan hidup seorang wanita Turkistan, Najmah Lail, yang mengalami masa sulit dalam kehidupannya. Najmah lail tinggal di sebuah istana di Turkistan sebagai seorang pelayan, negara yang subur, aman, tentram dan damai itu tiba-tiba menjadi menakutkan setelah datangnya orang-orang Cina untuk menjajah Turkistan. Kehilangan seseorang yang dicintainya, lalu terpaksa menikah dengan seorang panglima prajurit Cina, hingga membunuh suaminya tersebut dengan lima tembakan pistol. Kemudian menikah dan hidup berpindah-pindah tempat agar tetap aman di tengah penjajahan, hingga akhirnya ia memilih pergi bersama anaknya entah kemana. Berdasarkan uraian di atas, dalam penelitian ini mencoba menjawab dua hal, yaitu : 1. Siapakah Najmah Lail dalam novel “Malam-Malam Turkistan” karya Najib Al-Kaelani? 2. Bagaimana karakter tokoh Najmah Lail dalam novel “Malam-Malam Turkistan” karya Najib Al-Kaelani menurut teori psikoanalisa Sigmund Freud? Menjawab rumusan masalah di atas, dapt disimpulkan bahwa : 1. Najmah Lail adalah salah satu tokoh dalam novel “Malam-Malam Turkistan”, yang mana Najmah Lail adalah salah seorang wanita yang mengalami masa sulit pada masa penjajahan Turkistan oleh Cina, hingga akhirnya ia membunuh suaminya sendiri yang seorang panglima prajurit Cina, agar tak banyak lagi pembantaian darah-darah rakyat Turkistan oleh suaminya tersebut. 2. Karakter Najmah Lail yang dianalisis menggunakan teori psikoanalisa Sigmund Freud menunjukkan bahwa karakternya didominasi unsur Super Ego. Unsur Super Ego merupakan kekuatan moral dan etika dari kepribadian, yang beroperasi memakai prinsip idealistik (edialistic principle) sebagai lawan dari prinsip kepuasan Id dan prinsip realistik dari Ego. Dalam hal ini, karakter yang menonjol dari Najmah Lail adalah ia termasuk orang yang sangat peduli dengan orang lain, kerajaan, negara dan berusaha semaksimal mungkin untuk menyelamatkan orang lain dari kekejaman Cina. Prilakunya tersebut didasarkan pada nilai moral dan agama yang sangat diyakini dan ditaatinya. Sifat tersebut merupakan unsur tertinggi dalam teori psikoanalisa menurut Sigmund Freud. Sifat itulah yang dimiliki Najmah Lail dalam penggambarannya dalam novel ini
Reservoir characterization of the unconventional Najmah Formation, Sabriyah field, northern Kuwait
No full textIncludes bibliographical references.2017 Summer.The Sabriyah Field is one of the largest producing elds in northern Kuwait. It is domi- nated by carbonate rocks. The Najmah Formation is considered the hydrocarbon source for most of Sabriyah eld reservoirs. The objective of this research is to characterize the Na- jmah Kerogen Formation to provide a better understanding of the formation, pore structure, permeability and porosity for future drilling plans. The Najmah Kerogen unconventional reservoir has an average thickness of 50 ft. (Acharya et al., 2009) and is laterally continuous from the east to west of Kuwait. It is fractured and has minor subtle faults. The Najmah Kerogen Member of Najmah Formation is an unconventional resource play indicated by its low eective permeability (range from 0.01- 1.5mD). The great potential arises from the excellent total organic content (TOC) that ranges from 2.13-30.5 wt.% with an average of 8.3 wt.% and a vitrinite re ectance (Ro) of 1.28-6.6% (Khan et al., 2014). The Najmah Kerogen Member is mainly composed of calcite, minor dolomite and illite clay indicated by XRD analysis. The methods used for the geological reservoir characterization were both qualitative and quantitative for better understanding of the porosity and permeability of the unconventional reservoir. The qualitative methods included core description, analysis petrographic thin sections, Field emission Scanning electron microscope (FESEM), facies, fossils and sedimen- tary structures. The quantitative methods used were the x-ray diraction (XRD), x-ray uorescence (XRF), source rock analyzer and modied Schmoker equation for TOC mea- surements. In addition, mercury injection capillary pressure and nitrogen adsorption were used to measure the pore size distribution of the samples. The Najmah Kerogen is organic-rich mudstone that is composed mainly of calcite, dolomite quartz and pyrite. The dominant grain size was the mudsize of micrite (<0.02 mm) that reached 0.2 mm (sand size) in other samples determined from the petrographic thin sec- iii tions. In addition, the pore diameters measured from mercury injection capillary pressure (MICP) and nitrogen adsorption analyses were 0.0036-0.007 microns and 0.6-21 nm. The porosity ranged from 2-6% and dominant pore type was the organic matter pores and most of Najmah pore sizes were nanopores that explains the high entry pressure needed for MICP experiment. The texture of Najmah Kerogen Member is mature to over-mature, well sorted and well rounded grains. The micrite texture is subhedral to anhedral due to the secondary diagenesis cementation. The diagenetic processes observed were the dissolution and micriti- zation that enhance the pore development and also the secondary cementation of matrix over-printing and grain overgrowths that close the pores in the matrix. The fossils observed were ostracods, sh bones and shell fragments. The Najmah Kerogen was deposited in an in- trashelf basin that was anoxic during the deposition allowing the organic matter preservation and pyrite framboid formation. Most of the sediments of the Najmah Kerogen have both a biogenic and detrital origin. Pyro-bitumen was observed in all samples with secondary pyrite framboids suggesting the anoxic environmental conditions and conrmed by the XRD and XRF. The entry pressure of the samples in MICP was directly proportional with the depth. The Najmah Kerogen Member has a great potential for development of light oil and gas. This research will help delineate the dierent properties of Najmah Kerogen and its permeability association that will pave the way for the development of unconventional resources in Kuwait
Multi-scale study of the organic matter in Najmah formation and its implications for fractures and petrophysical properties in the Sabriyah field, North Kuwait, A
No full textIncludes bibliographical references.2023 Spring.The Sabriyah field is one of the largest producing fields in Kuwait that is mostly domi- nated with carbonate-rich lithology in Jurassic interval. The Najmah Formation was consid- ered the hydrocarbon source for most Sabriyah field reservoirs until unconventional reservoirs were explored in Kuwait. Production from Najmah Kerogen member has not begun yet. However, the Najmah Kerogen has a high potential from the excellent source beds that con- tain total organic carbon content (TOC) ranging from 2.13-12.26 wt.% with an average of 8.3 wt.% and vitrinite reflectance (Ro) of 1.28-6.6%. However, the organic matter related to the pore structure, petrophysical properties, fractures and geomechanical properties, reservoir quality, and regional analogs is still not clearly understood.
The methods used in this study integrate core petrographic thin section analysis, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), Focused Ion Beam Scanning Electron Microscope (FIB-SEM), X-Ray di↵raction (XRD), source rock geochemistry and pyrolysis for TOC, logR Passey method for TOC estimation, core porosity and permeability analy- sis, dynamic geomechanical elastic rock properties’ analysis, stereonet fracture, static earth modeling, and basin tectonic modeling. These analyses are then compared to the Niobrara and Haynesville formations.
The findings of this research are summarized as follows: (1) the mature organic matter improves the reservoir properties through the increase of the porosity and pore connectivity that increase the permeability, and reservoir quality of the Najmah, Niobrara, and Hay- nesville formations. However, it can cause an overestimation in the organic-rich zones of the well logs and thus needs kerogen correction. (2) The organic matter is the main contribu- tor to porosity and pore connectivity, confirmed by the FIB-SEM 3D modeling of the S-11 sample of the Najmah Kerogen. (3) The dominant porosity of the Najmah Kerogen is the organic matter porosity, which di↵ers from the Niobrara and Haynesville that are dominant
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in the matrix. (4) The elastic rock properties classified the Najmah as a ductile formation. (5) The fractures for the Najmah Kerogen in the Sabriyah Field are similar to the Niobrara and Haynesville trending of NW-SE, N-S, and NE-SW directions for Najmah, NE-SW, and NW-SE directions for Niobrara, and NW-SE direction for Haynesville formations that can be used in the process of well placement, drilling, and reservoir hydraulic fracture stimulation of the future reservoir and field developments.
This research study focuses on providing descriptive information on the petrophysical and fracture modeling of Najmah Kerogen reservoir variations as a function of organic mat- ter content and mineral composition. In addition, this research extends our understanding of the unconventional reservoir potential of the Najmah Kerogen by performing a high- resolution study of the pore structure/ architecture to characterize the pore composition, pore connectivity, mineralogy, and organic matter content, and its relation to the rock prop- erties, petrophysical properties and fractures of Najmah Kerogen. Thus, this research helps delineate the di↵erent properties of the overmature Najmah Kerogen and its permeability association. It will provide a detailed geological and petrophysical guide for future studies and reservoir field developments of well-design production plans from the Najmah Formation as an unconventional reservoir
APLIKASI METODE GOAL PROGRAMMING PADA PERENCANAAN PRODUKSI KLAPPERTAART PADA USAHA KECIL MENENGAH (UKM) NAJMAH KLAPPERTAART
Get PDFAPLIKASI METODE GOAL PROGRAMMING PADA PERENCANAANPRODUKSI KLAPPERTAART PADA USAHA KECIL MENENGAH(UKM) NAJMAH KLAPPERTAAR
Depositional environment of the Najmah Formation (Upper Jurassic) in Bardarash, Erbil, and Hawler oilfields, Kurdistan, Northern Iraq
No full textThe Najmah Formation was deposited in the Upper Jurassic (Callovian-Oxfordian) on a shallow basin margin of the Gotnia Basin. At the type locality (well Najmah-29) the thickness of the Najmah Formation is 340.9 m. Sadooni (1997) described several microfacies of the Najmah Formation: oolitic packstone and grainstone, pelletal packstone and grainstone, sponge and sponge spicule-bearing wackestone and packstone, algal boundstone, and foraminiferal wackestone and packstone. The possible depositional setting for identified seismic facies is a uniformly subsiding shelf or stable basin plain in the central and northeastern parts of the study area and a basin margin in the southern and southwestern part of the study area. The northern part of the study area is seismically homogenous wackestone with no internal stratification. The northwestern part of the study area is structurally deformed and no seismic facies can be identified
Integrated Geo-Statistical Modeling – An Effective Tool to Meet the Exploration Challenge of Low Porosity Carbonate Reservoir within Najmah-Sargelu Formation, Kuwait
No full textAbstractThe emergence of low porosity carbonate lithofacies of Najmah-Sargelu Formation as a commercial hydrocarbon play has led to change the exploration perspective of these formations. Several wells from different structures in Kuwait has shown the production potential of light oil@ 1000–4000 BOPD and natural gas 3.8–19.0 MMSCFD. The production has been obtained from bituminous mudstone, wackestone and algal limestone from Najmah-Sargelu Formation.Understanding the geometry and distribution of carbonate lithofacies of Najmah-Sargelu Formation is a major exploration challenge. Geo-statistical 3D model is a dynamic tool, which has been utilized to quantify the geometry and spatial distribution of carbonate lithofacies vis-a-vis its continuity.A careful geo-statistical workflow was evolved to address the major challenges of these reservoirs. An artificial intelligence, neural network was trained against cored section and subsequently applied in the noncored sections for lithofacies prediction. Sequence Stratigraphic framework, seismic grid and 3D geo-statistical modeling were integrated to create a geological model. Core-measured rock property data were analyzed to illustrate the distributions of core porosity and permeability of Najmah-Sargelu lithofacies. The distribution of internal properties and heterogeneity has been quantitatively described as the relationship of a reservoir facies within a sequence stratigraphic framework. Spatial estimation of lithofacies and reservoir properties provides insight into the deposition and diagenetic process of the reservoir units.The depositional pattern and connectivity analysis suggests a ramp setting in inner shelf environment of deposition with three major alternate transgressive and regressive sequences. An integrated geo-statistical modeling has resulted in depicting the internal geometry and connectivity of low porosity carbonate lithofacies thereby reducing the uncertainty in volumetric assessment in the delineation phase of Najmah-Sargelu Formation.</jats:p
Seismic reservoir characterization of the Najmah Formation, Raudhatain field, north Kuwait
No full textIncludes bibliographical references.2018 Spring.The Late Jurassic Najmah Formation of Northeast Kuwait consists of a fractured tight carbonate reservoir and organic-rich kerogen layer. The average reservoir unit thickness is about 50 ft at a depth of 14000 ft. It has low porosity and ultra-low permeability. Development of the Najmah reservoir is contingent on recognizing naturally fractured areas. The reservoir section is immediately below thick layers of alternating salts and anhydrite, and the seismic data within the reservoir interval suffers from destructive interference of coherent noise. Coherent noise interference impacts the reliability of seismic attribute extractions for reservoir characterization. Attenuating this interference is vital to exploiting useful information from seismic data. This study investigates the coherent noise sources and offers a cascaded attenuation processing approach to alleviate the noise disturbance. The study reveals some noises related to near-surface condition and multipathing seismic energy above the reservoir layers. According to the model, the major generator of interbed multiple is the first anhydrite layer within the Gotnia Formation. Application of model-based interbed multiple attenuation reduces the noise interference and improves the imaging and characterization of the reservoir section. The multiple attenuated seismic data have better correlation with synthetics from all 10 control wells used in this study, leading to better seismic inversion accuracy. Seismic reservoir characterization is conducted by integrating full-azimuth P-wave seismic analysis, pre-stack simultaneous seismic inversion and rock physics modeling. Rock physics modeling suggests that the seismic variation is most affected by pore geometry. A low Vp/Vs ratio correlates with high porosity, low pore aspect ratio and high brittleness index. The higher organic richness of the kerogen layer correlates with lower acoustic impedance. Azimuthal seismic analysis depicts that multiple fracture sets with multiple orientations exist in the area. The fast interval velocity coincides with the direction of maximum horizontal stress. A combination of brittleness index and fast velocity azimuth is used to identify “sweet spots” for potential future Najmah reservoir development. The seismic analysis results are confirmed by image log interpretation and production test data. Most of the effective fractures coincide with the direction of maximum horizontal stress. The study results provide valuable insights into identifying and attenuating the coherent noises while delineating unconventional Jurassic reservoir potential in the study area. This research impacts not just the Najmah Formation, but deep unconventional reservoirs around the world that deal with similar problems
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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