1,331 research outputs found
Kiśïniòvcura Rroma. Studia pala lenqëri història thaj aćara
No full textThe Kishiniovtsy Gypsy group consists of around 3000 people today and hasn’t been described in literature. Ancestors of the group were serfs in Bessarabia. They migrated in Ukraine after abolition of the serfdom in the Russian Empire (the 1861 year’s reform). Now they live in Ukraine and Russia. Until the very roam prohibition in October, 1956, the economic basis of the life of Kishiniovtsy consisted of the men’s domestic thievery and the women’s fortunetelling. By now the ethnic group has trade earnings. Kishiniovtsy didn’t avoid the massive deportations in Stalin’s period. Many were arrested in June, 1933 in Moscow and were deported to Siberia. Unlike most of Gypsy groups, Kishiniovtsy didn’t take an active part in the World War II. While the Russka Roma and the Ukrainian and South-Russian Servi joined the army and were even decorated, Kishiniovtsy always tried to avoid the mobilization. There are many facts about Nazi-genocide in the article. Kishiniovtsy are orthodox Christians. The Moldavian folklore is now forgotten by them. In everyday life the Kishiniovtsy usually sing the songs of Russka Roma. N. Bessonov described their nomadic life and clothing. He built genealogy of some families. Also there is information about customs and justice. Gypsy court in Kishiniovtsy’s dialect is called źudekàta (after Romanian judecată). As for the place of Kishiniovtsy in the Gypsy ethnic group’s hierarchy, they have strong positions. Kishiniovtsy retain their traditions speak their Romany dialect very good and are materially successful. Their problem is the reputation of “dangerous people”. In many aspects such point of view has lost its acuteness (though in conflicts Kishiniovtsy just like Krymy can still protect themselves). In the newest conditions some young people managed to finish school, training colleges and even enter a university, creating a new educated class. Today the legal education is one of the most prestigious. This Gypsy group have good perspectives in modern Russia.O endaj e Rromenqëro Kiśïniovconqëro adadives si grùpa andar pretele 3000 Ŵene thaj palem si bipinŴardo and-e studienqëri literatùra. Lenqëre purane manuśa säs krepostni and-e Besaràbia. Kana lias agor e krepostněnqëro phandlipen and-e Rusiaqëro prathagaripen (pal-e refòrma and-o b. 1861), durile te Ŵan and-e Ukraìna. Akana Ŵiven and-e Ukraìna thaj Rùsia. O avtòro mothovel so akala Rroma, Ŵi k-ob. 1956, Ŵivènas andar-o ćoripen thaj lenqëre rromnǎ zumavènas (dorakǎrènas). Akana kinen thaj bikinen. And-o Baredivaj 1933 nesave lenθär säs deportuime andar-e Mòskva Ŵi k-e Sibèria. Kana pharilǎs o 2-to Sundalìtko Mariben, o Rroma Kiśïniòvcura na marde pen aj vi naśènas katar-e mobilizàcia, Ŵikaj javëra Rroma (sär o „Rùska Rroma thaj o Sèrvi andar-e Ukraìna) säs but aktìvo mamuj-i nazìsmo, phandile e armiaça (xaladimaça) aj vi xuterde xaladìtka dekoràcie. O artìklo den informàcie pal-o Samudaripen. Rroma Kiśïniòvcura si dasa (ortodòksǎ). Bisterde aba o moldavìtko folklòro thaj akana gilaben (bagen) e Ruska Rromenqëre gilǎ. O Besonòvo mothovel pala lenqëro phirutno Ŵivipen aj lodipen, pala lenqëre gada aj nesave irrenqëre genealògie thaj vi lenqëre aćara (tradìcie) aj lenqëri kris rromani, savi lenθe akhardǒl „źudekàta” (andar-e rumunìcko ćhib - judecată). And-e Rromenqëre hieràrxia, o than e Rromenqëro Kiśïniovconqëro si but opre. ŵivde si lenqëre tradìcie (aćara) thaj but śukär rakëren e rromani ćhib. And-e ekonòmia śukär keren love thaj naj len javër problèma, sadaj sol en dikhen javëra manuśa sar „bilaćhe” (traśorne). AZkana fededër dikhen len o javëra, thaj o krimitìka Rroma butivar javen te den len vast kana si konflìkto (ćingar). Terne Rroma Kiśïniòvcura agordine śkòle thaj universitète, thaj kerde jekh nevi klàsa siklǎrdi. Maśkär lenθe si so siklǒn juridika. Akaja rromani endaj si la laćhe perspektìve and-i adadivesutuni Rùsia.Natalia Gancar
Spatial lymphocyte dynamics in lymph nodes predicts the cytotoxic T Cell frequency needed for HIV infection control
No full textThe surveillance of host body tissues by immune cells is central for mediating their defense function. In vivo imaging technologies have been used to quantitatively characterize target cell scanning and migration of lymphocytes within lymph nodes (LNs). The translation of these quantitative insights into a predictive understanding of immune system functioning in response to various perturbations critically depends on computational tools linking the individual immune cell properties with the emergent behavior of the immune system. By choosing the Newtonian second law for the governing equations, we developed a broadly applicable mathematical model linking individual and coordinated T-cell behaviors. The spatial cell dynamics is described by a superposition of autonomous locomotion, intercellular interaction, and viscous damping processes. The model is calibrated using in vivo data on T-cell motility metrics in LNs such as the translational speeds, turning angle speeds, and meandering indices. The model is applied to predict the impact of T-cell motility on protection against HIV infection, i.e., to estimate the threshold frequency of HIV-specific cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) that is required to detect productively infected cells before the release of viral particles starts. With this, it provides guidance for HIV vaccine studies allowing for the migration of cells in fibrotic LNs. © 2019 Grebennikov, Bouchnita, Volpert, Bessonov, Meyerhans and Bocharov
Phirutne rromnǎ: lenqëre hakaja, dotǎ aj xod-aktualizàcia
No full textTill now, a state of nomadic Romani women has been described only from a position of an external observer. The author supposes that narrative sources should be used more actively. To actualize this concept he studies recollections of nomadic life, focusing on Romani women’s traditional ways of earning, such as fortune-telling and begging, and their main value – a family. The article shows how Romani women used to risk for husbands and children. They had to take the initiative and to show mother with every day to feed themselves and their relatives. At the same time, married Romani women lived at the mercy of patriarchy. That created the basic paradox of their lives. Gypsy fortune tellers had real economical independence. Outside of families they looked as free women, but inside they uncomplainingly received whipping. The author want to show subjects that are hardly shown in special literature at the moment. Particularly, he writes about the fact that Romani women have actively taken part in a fight against Nazism during the World War II. Another little known subject is women’s literacy. Though most nomadic Romani women couldn’t read, but indeed exclusions existed. It is interesting, too, such a fact as Romani women could get a high social status with an elderly age, so that men take into account their opinion in traditional court. Sometimes, as it can be seen from examples, families were named for female ancestors. The author studies also psychological possibilities used by Gypsy wives to affect their husbands’ decisions.Natalia Gancar
Rekonstrùkcia thaj brakhipen e rromane ʒivipnasqëre aj folkloraqëre
No full textAuthor is a painter. Together with the members of the Romen Theatre in Moscow he carries out a project of theatrical reconstructions of the traditional scenes and situations of the gypsy camp life (dances among others). The acts are prepared according to detailed historical studies. They are subsequently photographed and filmed to form an archival collection to be used by researchers in the future
О ПРОБЛЕМАХ СТАТИСТИКИ ЦЕН
No full textThe article is a commentary to the article by V.A. Bessonov «On the losses generated by the inflation mis-measurement» (Voprosy statistiki, 2016, no. 10); the article considers selected issues of theory of price statisics which are the basis of V.A. Bessonov analysis of CPI computed by the Rosstat; in his opinion the CPI is apparently upward biased due to the use of Laspeyres formula which does not reflect the substitution affect; he attributes in particular this bias to the change of the weights base period; he presents his estimate of the magnitude of the bais but does not clarify how it was obtained. It is worth noting in this context that many experts in index theory believe that measuring of the magnitude of the bias is problematic and comparing Laspeyres index with Fisher index might be requied for this purpose. As an important the issue of the choice of the weights base period as it is there are some other important issues of price statistics theory which are not analised by the auther. These refer to measuring of change of quality of goods which is particularly important for computation of price changes of the technological complex products such as computers, cars, cell phones and so forth. The article by V.A. Bessonov will stimulate futher discussion on price statistics theory.В публикуемой статье, представляющей отклик на статью В.А. Бессонова «Об издержках, порождаемых проблемами измерения инфляции» (Вопросы статистики, 2016, № 10), рассматриваются некоторые вопросы теории статистики цен, на основе которых В.А. Бессоновым анализируются показатели ИПЦ, исчисляемые Росстатом; по его мнению, ИПЦ, возможно, завышен в связи с применением формулы индекса Ласпейреса, которая не учитывает фактор замещения товаров и услуг; это завышение он, в частности, связывает с изменением базисного периода весов; он представляет свою оценку размера возможного завышения, однако не поясняет, как она была получена. В этой связи следует отметить, что по мнению многих специалистов в области теории индексов, определение размера этого зывышения весьма проблематично и предполагает сравнение индекса Ласпейреса с индексом Фишера. Как ни важен вопрос о влиянии выбора весов на точность индекса, сушествует целый ряд других положений теории индексов, которые не рассматриваются В.А. Бессоновым в его статье. Это прежде всего вопросы отражения изменения качества товаров и услуг, особенно важные для измерения динамики цен на сложные в технологическом отношении товары, такие, как компьютеры, автомобили, мобильные телефоны и др. Статья В.А. Бессонова носит дискуссионный характер и будет стимулировать дальнейшую дискуссию по вопросам теории индесов цен
Airway obstruction in respiratory viral infections due to impaired mucociliary clearance
No full textInternational audienceRespiratory viral infections, such as SARS-CoV-2 or influenza, can lead to impaired mucociliary clearance in the bronchial tree due to increased mucus viscosity and its hyper-secretion. We develop in this work a mathematical model to study the interplay between viral infection and mucus motion. The results of numerical simulations show that infection progression can be characterized by three main stages. At the first stage, infection spreads through the most part of mucus producing airways (about 90% of the length) without significant changes in mucus velocity and thickness layer. During the second stage, when it passes through the remaining generations, mucus viscosity increases, its velocity drops down, and it forms a plug. At the last stage, the thickness of the mucus layer gradually increases because mucus is still produced but not removed by the flow. After some time, the thickness of the mucus layer in the small airways becomes comparable with their diameter leading to their complete obstruction
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