1,720,971 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Minimum Age for Criminal Responsibility: Examining Malaysian Law from the Perspective of International Law
No full textThe minimum age for criminal responsibility refers to the age at which children can be reasonably and fairly considered liable for their criminal actions. To date, determination of the minimum age of child criminal responsibility still remains a controversial issue among the justice systems across the world where juveniles are concerned. Current practice in various justice systems reveals that there is no uniformity in setting the minimum age for child criminal responsibility. Reference to international instruments reveals that there are specific principles and guidelines outlined by these instruments on this matter.Thus, this paper will try to examine principles and guidelines set by the international instruments on this matter. In addition, this paper also will attempt to analyze comparatively the extent to which the current Malaysian legal framework in this matter complies with the international legal standards, and highlight possible suggestions for the improvement of existing laws and policies.
Keywords: children, criminal responsibility, international laws, minimum ageUmur minimum tanggungjawab jenayah merujuk tahap usia kanak-kanak boleh secara munasabah dan adil dikenakan liabiliti atas tindakan jenayah yang mereka lakukan. Sehingga sekarang, penentuan umur minimum tanggungjawab jenayah kanak-kanak masih lagi kekal sebagai isu kontroversi dalam kalangan sistem keadilan juvenil di seluruh dunia. Praktis dalam sistem keadilan jenayah juvenil yang sedia ada menunjukkan tiada keseragaman dalam memilih dan menetapkan umur minimum tanggungjawab jenayah. Rujukan instrumen antarabangsa menunjukkan terdapat prinsip dan garis panduan yang ditetapkan dalam penentuan umur minimum tanggungjawab jenayah kanak-kanak. Oleh itu, makalah akan cuba meneliti aspek berkaitan dengan prinsip dan panduan yang digariskan oleh instrumen antarabangsa dalam perkara ini. Seterusnya, makalah ini juga akan menganalisis sejauh manakah rangka kerja undang-undang Malaysia mematuhi piawaian yang ditetapkan oleh undang-undang antarabangsa, sekali gus cuba mengenal pasti ruang penambahbaikan undang-undang dan polisi yang sedia ada.
Kata kunci: kanak-kanak, jenayah, tanggungjawab, undang-undang antarabangsa, umur minimu
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Rights of children in criminal proceedings : a comparative analysis on the compatibility of the Malaysian juvenile justice system with the standards of the Convention on Rights of Children (CRC)
Full text linkThe rights of children in conflict with the law has always been a central subject of juvenile justice which attracts an intense academic, political and media interest and debate. In this respect, the United Nations Convention on Rights of Children (CRC), which was adopted on 20th November 1989, has laid down international standards and legal framework on rights of children under juvenile justice. The CRC’s standards on this matter have served as a useful guideline and benchmark to state parties in determining and assessing the rights of children in criminal proceedings. As a country that has ratified the CRC in 1995, Malaysia is duty-bound to strive towards full implementation of the requirements of the CRC. This study will specifically focus on examining the legal rights of children in criminal proceedings under both the CRC’s standards and the Malaysian juvenile justice system. Using the CRC’s standards as a guideline and a benchmark, the study aims to assess the rights of children in criminal proceedings under the current Malaysian juvenile justice system. The study will attempt to critically and comparatively analyze to what extent the Malaysian juvenile justice system on the rights of children in criminal proceedings measure up with the CRC’s standards. The study concludes that legal reform of current legal framework and policy is necessary to improve and strengthen rights of children in criminal proceedings under Malaysian juvenile justice system. Aiming towards full implementation of the CRC’s standards on this aspect, the study provides recommendations and suggestions to be considered in respect of certain imprecision and loopholes in laws as well as policy under the existing Malaysian juvenile justice system
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