146 research outputs found
Preparasi dan Karakterisasi Katalis CoMo/H-Zeolit Y
No full textPreparation and characterization of catalyst CoMo/H-zeolite Y has
been done. Catalyst was prepared from NH4Y-zeolite then heated 115oC for 1 h
to eliminate water then calcined at 550oC for 2 h to evaporate ammonia,
produced HY-zeolite (HYZ) sample. Impregnation of CoMo metals on the HYZ
sample was done by co-impregnation method, where the HYZ (10 g) was mixed
with (NH4)6MO7O24.4H2O in 24 mL aquabidest and 3 mL of ammonia then
stirred of 60oC for 2 h. This mixture was then mixed with Co(NO3)2.6H2O in 24
mL aquabidest and 3 mL of ammonia then stirred of 60oC for 2 h. The resulting
sample was filtered and dried. The dried sample was then calcined under N2
stream at temperature of 550oC for 2 h, followed by oxidized with O2 then
reduced with H2 stream at temperature 400oC for 2 h, respectively produced
CoMo/HY catalyst. Characterization of the catalyst included analysis of NH3
groups was done with by infra red spectrofotometry (IR), the crystallinity with Xray
diffraction (XRD) and the acidity was calculated with NH3 absorption by
gravimetry method, metal content on the catalyst was determined by atomic
absorption spectroscopy (AAS). FTIR result of CoMo/HY catalyst showed that
disappeared ammonia was after heating. The XRD date indicated the increase of
catalyst crystallinity as the following: NH4Y< died NH4Y < HY< CoMo/HY.
CoMo/HY catalyst has average acidity = 6,87 mmol/g where as the HY has
average acidity = 7,66 mmol/g. The metal content in the HY was 8023 and 7681
ppm, for Co and Mo respectively
HIDRODESULFURISASI TIOFEN MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS CoMo/H-ZEOLIT Y
No full textTelah dilakukan penelitian terhadap reaksi hidrodesulfurisasi (HDS) tiofen
menggunakan katalis CoMo/H-zeolit Y. Proses hidrodesulfurisasi (HDS) tiofen
dilakukan dalam reaktor sistem batch dengan variasi temperatur 200, 250, 300, 350,
400 oC dan variasi laju alir gas pembawa (H2) 40, 55, 70, 85, 100 mL/menit. Produk
cair dianalisis dengan gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Konversi
produk gas dihitung berdasarkan persentase berat produk gas terhadap umpan. Hasil
analisis GCMS produk hasil reaksi hidrosulfurisasi tiofen menunjukkan adanya 1
puncak utama tiofen pada waktu retensi 3,764 menit. Konversi gas maksimum
tercapai pada suhu 350oC sebesar 82,07% (b/b) dengan konstanta laju reaksi (k)
sebesar 49,56 menit-1
Application of Tawarruq munazzam in Malaysia / Ismail Rustam
No full textNowadays, the development of Islamic Financial Institutions has given positive impact towards Islamic bank industry. Many new contracts have been introduced as
an alternative to conventional bank products. Tawarruq munazzam or known as commodity murabahah is one of the contracts. In this study, the author has set several
objectives which are to explain the concept of tawarruq munazzam, discussing the fuqaha’s opinions on this contract and explain the modus operandi of tawarruq
munazzam implements in Malaysia. The study founds that tawarruq munazzam is a contract that practice by Islamic bank to provide financing towards customers. The
practice of this contract is contrary to the conventional bank’s financing products. This is because the features of both contracts are different. In fact, tawarruq munazzam is a contract based on the trading transaction, meanwhile, the financing product offered by conventional banks is based on loans which containing riba. Majority of contemporary fuqaha permit the practice of tawarruq munazzam based on their ijtihad to provide maslahah among the society. Meanwhile, there are also fuqaha who prohibited this practice because it seems like a hilah to permit riba. Lastly, an Every Islamic bank in Malaysia is using a platform such as as-Sidq, London Metal Exchange, and Bursa Suq al-Sila to trade the commodity while practicing tawarruq
munazzam
Foreigners in the Empire of Trebizond (the Case of Orientals and Italians)
No full textThis article provides a comparative analysis of the two largest groups of foreigners in the Empire of Trebizond : those from the East (primarily Turks), and Italians. In particular, it contains the etymology of seven Oriental names and prosopographic analysis of the holders that have not previously been discussed in the literature. The article poses the problem of the presence of naturalized Italians and their descendants in rural areas of the Empire of Trebizond. The author concludes that although the number of Italian migrants was considerably smaller than the number of newcomers from Muslim Asia, the Italians had a more prestigious status in the Trapezuntine society.Shukurov Rustam. Foreigners in the Empire of Trebizond (the Case of Orientals and Italians). In: At the Crossroads of Empires : 14th - 15th Century Eastern Anatolia. Proceedings of the International Symposium held in Istanbul, 4th - 6th May 2007. Istanbul : Institut Français d'Études Anatoliennes-Georges Dumézil, 2012. pp. 71-84. (Varia Anatolica, 25
Foreigners in the Empire of Trebizond (the Case of Orientals and Italians)
No full textThis article provides a comparative analysis of the two largest groups of foreigners in the Empire of Trebizond : those from the East (primarily Turks), and Italians. In particular, it contains the etymology of seven Oriental names and prosopographic analysis of the holders that have not previously been discussed in the literature. The article poses the problem of the presence of naturalized Italians and their descendants in rural areas of the Empire of Trebizond. The author concludes that although the number of Italian migrants was considerably smaller than the number of newcomers from Muslim Asia, the Italians had a more prestigious status in the Trapezuntine society.Shukurov Rustam. Foreigners in the Empire of Trebizond (the Case of Orientals and Italians). In: At the Crossroads of Empires : 14th - 15th Century Eastern Anatolia. Proceedings of the International Symposium held in Istanbul, 4th - 6th May 2007. Istanbul : Institut Français d'Études Anatoliennes-Georges Dumézil, 2012. pp. 71-84. (Varia Anatolica, 25
Studi Kinetika Antibakteri dari Hasil Pirolisis Cangkang Biji Jambu Mete terhadap Staphylococcus aureus
No full textResearch on kinetics antibacterial from pyrolysis product of cashew nut shell againts Staphylococcus aureus have been carried out. Cashew nuts are prepared by separating the shell and seeds for pyrolysis. The results of S. aureus antibacterial activity test results pyrolysis pyrolysis products shell cashew nut showed inhibition is different for each variation of the concentration of 12.5%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% with inhibition of successive 0.87; 0.97; 1.38; 1.47 and 1.61 (cm). Based on these results it can be said that the result of the pyrolysis of cashew nut shells provide a response inhibition that were at concentrations of 12.5 and 25%. While the concentration of 50%, 75%, and 100% response inhibitory power is included in the strong category on the growth of S. aureus. Order the reaction of the antibacterial activity of S. aureus from the pyrolysis products obtained cashew nut shell 0,3 with activity rate constant of 0.38. The concentration of pyrolysis products of pyrolysis results cashew nut shell the minimum recommended for use as an antibacterial S.aureus
Studi Kinetika Efektifitas Minyak Daun Cengkeh (Syzigium aromaticum) Sebagai Antifungi Candida albicans
No full textKinetic studies effectiveness clove leaf (Syzigium aromaticum) oil as antifungal Candida albicans have been done. The study have purpose to determine the reaction order, reaction constants (k) and relationship the concentration of clove leaf (Syzigium aromaticum) oil every time (At) with the initial concentration of of clove (Syzigium aromaticum) oil (Ao) and time (t) and equipped determination of the minimum concentration of clove leaf (Syzigium aromaticum)oil effective anti-fungus Candida albicans. The results shows the anti-fungal activity clove leaf (Syzigium aromaticum) oil on Candida albicans for each variation of the concentration 100%, 75%, 50% and 25% are 14.2 mm, 12.2 mm, 10.8 mm and 10.4 mm respectively. Reaction order as antifungal of the clove leaf (Syzigium aromaticum) oil on Candida albicans is 0.2112 with k = 5.0594. The minimum concentration of clove leaf (Syzigium aromaticum) oil as anti-fungal Candida albicans is 17.86%
Pengaruh Penambahan Tepung Tapioka Pada Pati Ubi Kayu (Manihot esculenta) Terhadap Pembuatan Plastik Biodegradable dan Karakterisasinya
No full textResearch on Biodegradable Plastic Characterization of Cassava Wastes (manihot esculenta) Substitution of Tapioca Flour. As Biodegradable Plastics Base Material. This study aims to determine the ratio of cassava starch to tapioca starch which produces the best biodegradable plastic which is then used for testing the physical and mechanical properties of biodegradable plastic film using 5% acetic acid. Comparison of cassava starch with tapioca flour used is 1 : 1; 1 : 1,5; 1 : 2; 1 : 2,5; 1 : 3. The best plastics are obtained by comparison of cassava starch with tapioca flour is 1 : 3. The characteristics of biodegradable plastics include physical characteristics consisting of thickness with value 0,273 mm, 0,286 mm, 0,413 mm, 0,280 mm, dan 0,510 mm. While the mechanical characteristics consist of tensile strength with value 0,22138 MPa, 2,10724 MPa, 0,78896 MPa, 3,25933 Mpa, dan 0,508 Mpa. Percent lengthening with value 42%, 32,8%, 55,6%, 20%, dan 31,6%. Based on the result of research, it can be concluded that the value of thickness, percent elongation, and tensile strength are influenced by the comparative formula used.Keywords: Biodegradable plastic, physical properties, mechanics, cassava starch, tapioca flou
Melek Zade Ahi Rustam Dara's work named "Sahname-i Ahi"
No full textKonya Yusuf Ağa Kütüphanesindeki 10459 kayıt numaralı Şahnâme-i Ahî adlı eserin ortaya çıkarılarak günümüz Farsça yazım kurallarıyla elektronik ortama aktarılması amaçlanmıştır. Mesnevi tarzında yazılan bu eserle ilgili bilgiler verilmeye çalışılmış, ayrıca eserin müellifi ve müstensihi hakkında da bilgilere yer verilmiştir. Ahî Rustem Dârâ eserinde XV-XVI. yüzyılların Osmanlı İmparatorluğu döneminde, dönemin sultanlarından Sultan II. Mehmed ve Sultan II. Bayezid'in seferlerini ve fetihlerini şahname tarzında destansı bir dille anlatmış ve dönemin tarihi olaylarıyla ilgili bilgiler vermiştir. Eserin yazım tarihiyle ilgili kesin bir kayıt bulunmamasına rağmen zikredilen olaylar hangi dönemi kapsadığı ile ilgili bizlere ipucu vermiştir. Bu çalışmayla, bugüne kadar gün yüzüne çıkmamış olan bu eser hakkında okuyucunun bilgi sahibi olması istenmiştir.Shahname-i Ahi, numbered 10459 in the Konya Yusuf Aga Library, has been unearthed and transferred to the electronic medium with the current Persian spelling rules. Information about this work written in mesnevi style was tried to be given and short information about the author and the author of the work was also given. Ahi Rustam Dârâ in his work XV-XVI. century, during the Ottoman Empire, Sultan Mehmed II and Sultan Bayezid II and the conquests of the sultan in the style of epic narrative and gave information about the historical events of the period. Although there is no precise record of the writing date of the work, the mentioned events gave us a clue as to which period it covers. With this study, the reader has been asked to have information about this work which has not been revealed to date
Synthesis of Methyl Ester Nitrate from Mahogany Seed Oil (Swietenia mahagoni Linn)
No full textNitration of methyl ester from mahogany oil (Swietenia mahagoniLinn) can be produced by Methyl Ester Nitrate (MEN), an additive that is useful for increasing Cetane Numbers in diesel fuel. This study aims to determine the yield of MEN that can be produced from mahogany seed oil after esterification, trans-esterification, and nitration and to identify the MEN compounds produced. Mahogany oil is obtained by pressing mahogany seeds and then degumming to remove the gum. Mahogany oil-free gum is esterified using methanol with the mole ratio of oil: methanol (1: 6), then trans-esterified, also using methanol with mole ratio (1:15) and a methyl ester is obtained. Then the methyl ester was nitrated with HNO3, sulfuric acid, and acetic anhydride to obtain a translucent reddish colored MEN product with a yield of 24.99%. The success of the synthesis was shown by the FTIR spectrophotometer in the presence of absorption at 1550 cm-1 which indicated the presence of the C-ONO2 group, the absorption at 1365 cm-1 indicated the presence of the NO2 group, and at 1118 cm-1 indicated the presence of the C-N group. The reaction mechanism that occurs during the predicted nitration reaction is an electrophilic substitution reaction and nucleophilic addition
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