1,720,989 research outputs found
Classificatory stream analysis in the prediction of expected reading readiness: understanding student performance
Get PDFThis research describes the application of a neural networks approach in the prediction of readiness for reading upon entry to primary education. Machine-learning techniques used offer an iterative methodology that is capable of discovering complex relationships and interactions in the inputs and outcomes. The approach maximized classification accuracy, and was able to model various outcome patterns from the over 700 students studied. Results based on hypotheses of student characteristics using these predictive modeling achieved a total accuracy of 98% in the identification of "students-below-readiness-threshold". The presentation explains the processes and the stream analysis technique utilized, and explores various alternative models.Fil: Cascallar, Eduardo. Katholikie Universiteit Leuven; BélgicaFil: Musso, Mariel Fernanda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Psicología Matemática y Experimental Dr. Horacio J. A. Rimoldi; ArgentinaXXIX International Congress of PsychologyBerlínAlemaniaInternational Union of Psychological Scienc
Prediction and understanding of employee retention: a machine learning application
No full textThe main objectives of this study were to develop accurate predictive models of “employee retention” and to understand the contribution of specific personal and organizational factors predicting this phenomenon. The participants were 993 employees (54.2% female) from different organizations in the private and public sector, age mean: 32 years old (SD= 10.33); seniority: 5.83 years (SD= 6.7). A socio-demographic questionnaire to collect personal background factors and an employee retention questionnaire were applied. Multilayer perceptron artificial neural networks (ANN) with a backpropagation algorithm were developed in order to identify employees with low intention to stay in the current organization (low 33%). ANN achieved a high accuracy in the training testing phase (77%), testing phase (100%), and validation set (100%) for the target group. A more accurate identification of those workers who have a low sense of belonging within the company, would allow a more targeted investment in personnel training.Fil: Musso, Mariel Fernanda. Universidad Argentina de la Empresa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Psicología Matemática y Experimental Dr. Horacio J. A. Rimoldi; ArgentinaFil: Cascallar, Eduardo. Katholikie Universiteit Leuven; BélgicaEarli SIG14 2020 ConferenceBarcelonaEspañaEuropean Association for Research of Learning and InstructionUniversitat Autónoma de Barcelon
Memoria de trabajo y atención ejecutiva: buscando patrones en sus contribuciones al desempeño de resolución de problemas
Get PDFIntroducción: Durante los últimos 50 años, el concepto de memoria de trabajo (MT) ha cobrado gran relevancia distanciándose de las características de un modelo pasivo de memoria a corto plazo para avanzar hacia modelos que focalizan sobre los mecanismos de control activo y de procesamiento. Tareas complejas que incluyen interferencia (lectura, operaciones, espaciales) han permitido explorar esta capacidad de MT, y su desempeño se ha encontrado fuertemente asociado a un amplio rango de habilidades cognitivas. Objetivo: presentar una serie de estudios desarrollados en los últimos 5 años en Argentina desde distintas aproximaciones metodológicas, para comprender la participación e interacciones de la memoria de trabajo y control ejecutivo en el desempeño matemático (DM) y de resolución de problemas complejos (RPC).Fil: Musso, Mariel Fernanda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Psicología Matemática y Experimental "Dr. Horacio J. A. Rimoldi". Grupo Vinculado CIIPME - Entre Ríos - Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Psicología Matemática y Experimental "Dr. Horacio J. A. Rimoldi"; ArgentinaFil: Cascallar, Eduardo C.. Katholikie Universiteit Leuven; BélgicaXVII Reunión Nacional y VI Encuentro Internacional de la Asociación Argentina de Ciencias del ComportamientoPosadasArgentinaAsociación Argentina de Ciencias del Comportamient
Can teacher’s cognitive ability predict job performance?: a preliminary study
No full textMatching candidates with particular jobs is one of the main purposes in the workplace. Previous research has shown that cognitive skills tests and bio data are the strongest predictors of job performance. The aim was to analyze how cognitive level predict job performance. We use a non-probabilistic sample of 79 elementary school teachers, ages between 21 and 58 years old (M= 33.44; SD= 8.38; female= 82%). We use a socio-demographic questionnaire; attentional network test (ANT), working memory capacity test (AOSPAN) and a job performance scale. The results show that attention and working memory reaction time are related with job performance, but just Working memory reaction time predict 5% of task performance. Results are consistent with previous studies. Limitations and new hypotheses will be discussed.Fil: Robalino Guerra, Paulina Elizabeth. Universidad Argentina de la Empresa. Secretaria Academica y de Investigacion. Instituto de Ciencias Sociales y Disciplinas Proyectuales.; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Musso, Mariel Fernanda. Universidad Argentina de la Empresa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Psicología Matemática y Experimental Dr. Horacio J. A. Rimoldi; ArgentinaEarli SIG14 2020 ConferenceBarcelonaEspañaEuropean Association for Research of Learning and InstructionUniversitat Autónoma de Barcelon
Parenting styles and coping strategies among patients with early detected and treated congenital hypothyroidism
No full textAbstract: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH), as any chronic disease, has an impact on the parent-child relationship and on the child’s resources to cope with conflicting situations. Objectives. To describe parenting styles according to the perception of children with CH and their coping strategies. Population and methods. Children aged 9-10 years who had CH detected by newborn screening and had received adequate treatment and a group without CH (control group). The Argentine Coping Questionnaire, the Argentine Scale for the Perception of Parent Relations, and the comprehension subtest of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children III (WISC III) were used. Results were compared using a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Results. Sixty children with CH were included; they perceived that their mothers exercised a strict control and that their fathers showed more acceptance. They sought more support and became paralyzed more often in conflicting situations than the 60 children without CH. Conclusion. These findings may be associated with a higher level of dependence. They should be taken into consideration in CH care.Fil: Pardo Campos, María L. Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad de Psicología y Psicopedagogía; ArgentinaFil: Pardo Campos, María L. Fundación de Endocrinología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Musso, Mariel Fernanda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Psicología Matemática y Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Musso, Mariel Fernanda. Universidad Argentina de la Empresa; ArgentinaFil: Keselman, Ana. Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez; ArgentinaFil: Keselman, Ana. Fundación de Endocrinología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Gruñeiro, Laura. Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez; ArgentinaFil: Gruñeiro, Laura. Fundación de Endocrinología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Bergadá, Ignacio. Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez; ArgentinaFil: Bergadá, Ignacio. Fundación de Endocrinología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Chiesa, Ana. Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez; ArgentinaFil: Chiesa, Ana. Fundación de Endocrinología Infantil; Argentin
Self-regulation and executive functions: understanding learning and school performance
No full textUna extensa literatura nos señala la importancia de las funciones ejecutivas y auto- regulación para el aprendizaje y desempeño. A pesar de las diferentes concepciones y modelos teóricos, ambos constructos se refieren a un conjunto de procesos cognitivos que hacen a la coordinación del procesamiento de la información y el control cognitivo. El presente capitulo presenta una conceptualización de estos procesos cognitivos en relación al desempeño escolar y otros constructos que han sido estudiados en la literatura. Además, este capítulo presenta resultados que señalan efectos del contexto y considera factores genéticos y epigenéticos e intervenciones, como así también presenta una discusión acerca de las condiciones de estos resultados y sus limitaciones.Fil: Musso, Mariel Fernanda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Psicología Matemática y Experimental "Dr. Horacio J. A. Rimoldi". Grupo Vinculado CIIPME - Entre Ríos - Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Psicología Matemática y Experimental "Dr. Horacio J. A. Rimoldi"; Argentina. Universidad Argentina de la Empresa; ArgentinaFil: Richaud, Maria Cristina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Psicología Matemática y Experimental Dr. Horacio J. A. Rimoldi; ArgentinaFil: Cascallar, Eduardo C.. Katholikie Universiteit Leuven; Bélgic
Personality traits and gender: effects on self-efficacy at work
No full textIntroduction: Whereas personality traits represent stable individual characteristics that mostly derive from individual genetic endowment, self-efficacy can enhance learning and performance (Caprara et al. 2010). Self-efficacy is a crucial cognitive and motivational belief impacting on several aspects of behaviour at workplace. Self-efficacy has been related to the effort and perseverance, coping strategies to deal with labour demands, work engagement, and job performance. The aim of the present study was to analyse the effects and interaction effects of personality trails and gender on self-efficacy at work. Methodology: The participants were 314 employees from three different sectors (blue, white and pink collar), both gender (52.5% female), ages between 18 and 75 years old (M= 34.66; SD= 10.93). Factorial design 2 (low- high personality trail) x 2 (gender) was applied. We use a socio-demographic questionnaire; NEO-FFI Personality Inventory (Costa & McCrae, 1992) to measure Openness to Experience (á =.73), Agreeableness (á =.71), Emotional Stability (á =.82), Extroversion (á =.83) and Conscientiousness (á =.79); Self-efficacy at work scale (Loeb, et al, 2016, Spanish version Robalino & Musso, 2018) that measures self-efficacy for inter/intrapersonal processes, and occupational self-efficacy oriented to cognitive tasks in the workplace (á =.88).Results: Personality traits has a significant effect on self-efficacy. Specifically, Neuroticism on task self-efficacy (F(1,312)=50.168; p<.001; ç²=.139), Conscientiousness on task self-efficacy (F(1,312)=47.856; p<.001; ç²=.133), Extraversion on social self-efficacy (F(1,312)=45.440; p<.001; ç²=.127), Agreeableness on social self-efficacy (F(1,312)=33.321; p<.001; ç²=.096). In addition, Openness to Experience has an effect on self-efficacy in recognizing the emotions of others (F(1,312)=6.943; p<.01; ç²=.022). Moreover, there are significant gender differences in self-efficacy at work. Men have greater task self-efficacy (t(312)=-2.730; p<.01) and social self-efficacy (t(312)=-2.793; p<.0). There are no gender differences in self-orient emotional self-efficacy, emotional self-efficacy to understand-other, emotional self-efficacy to help others. Finally, MANOVA´s results suggest that there are no interactions effects between gender and personality traits on self-efficacy at work.Fil: Robalino Guerra, Paulina Elizabeth. Universidad Argentina de la Empresa. Secretaria Academica y de Investigacion. Instituto de Ciencias Sociales y Disciplinas Proyectuales.; ArgentinaFil: Musso, Mariel Fernanda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Psicología Matemática y Experimental Dr. Horacio J. A. Rimoldi; ArgentinaXVI European Congress of PsychologyMoscúRusiaEuropean Federation of Psychologist' AssociationLomonosov Moscow State University. Faculty of Psycholog
Predicting key educational outcomes in academic trajectories: a machine-learning approach
Get PDFPredicting and understanding different key outcomes in a student's academic trajectory such as grade point average, academic retention, and degree completion would allow targeted intervention programs in higher education. Most of the predictive models developed for those key outcomes have been based on traditional methodological approaches. However, these models assume linear relationships between variables and do not always yield accurate predictive classifications. On the other hand, the use of machine-learning approaches such as artificial neural networks has been very effective in the classification of various educational outcomes, overcoming the limitations of traditional methodological approaches. In this study, multilayer perceptron artificial neural network models, with a backpropagation algorithm, were developed to classify levels of grade point average, academic retention, and degree completion outcomes in a sample of 655 students from a private university. Findings showed a high level of accuracy for all the classifications. Among the predictors, learning strategies had the greatest contribution for the prediction of grade point average. Coping strategies were the best predictors for degree completion, and background information had the largest predictive weight for the identification of students who will drop out or not from the university programs.Fil: Musso, Mariel Fernanda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Psicología Matemática y Experimental "Dr. Horacio J. A. Rimoldi". Grupo Vinculado CIIPME - Entre Ríos - Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Psicología Matemática y Experimental "Dr. Horacio J. A. Rimoldi"; ArgentinaFil: Rodríguez Hernández, Carlos Felipe. Katholikie Universiteit Leuven; BélgicaFil: Cascallar, Eduardo C.. Katholikie Universiteit Leuven; Bélgic
Autoeficacia en el trabajo: validación de las versiones en español de las Escalas de Autoeficacia Ocupacional Emocional, Social y en la Tarea
Get PDFLa autoeficacia es uno de los recursos más importantes en el trabajo. El objetivo fue adaptar las escalas “Occupational Emotional, Social, and Task Self-efficacy at Work”. Participaron 771 empleados argentinos, 58% fueron mujeres, de edades entre 18-76 años (M= 31.18; DE= 10.95) y 55% nivel universitario incompleto. Se administraron la versión traducida al español de las escalas de autoeficacia en el trabajo y el “Cuestionario de Autoeficacia Profesional”. Los resultados del AFE muestran tres factores que explican el 38% de la varianza de la autoeficacia laboral. Sin embargo, según el AFC el modelo de cuatro factores (autoeficacia en la tarea, social, emocional orientada hacia uno mismo y emocional orientada a otros) presenta mejor ajuste a los datos (CFI= .986; RMSEA= .028; SRMR= 0.057). Esta versión presenta una adecuada confiabilidad y validez en población trabajadora de Argentina. Se discuten las implicaciones para la investigación y evaluación en el ámbito organizacional.Self-efficacy is one of the most important resources in the workplace. We adapted “Occupational Emotional, Social, and Task Self-efficacy at Work scales” to Argentinian employees providing new validity evidence of the cross-cultural equivalence. 771 Argentine employees participated of bothgenders (58% women), aged between 18-76 years (M =31.18; SD = 10.95), and 55% of the participants had an incomplete university education level. Data were collected using a “Spanish version self-efficacy at work scales” and “Professional Self-Efficacy Questionnaire”. Exploratory Factor Analysis have found a three-factor structure explaining the 38% of the variance of self-efficacy at workplace. However, confirmatory factor analyses have demonstrated that the four factor solution presents a better fit (CFI = .986; RMSEA = .028; SRMR = 0.057). The Spanish version of the self-efficacy scale maintains the same original structure and demonstrate adequate reliability and validity for Argentinian workers. Implications for future organizational research and practice are discussed.Fil: Robalino Guerra, Paulina Elizabeth. Universidad Argentina de la Empresa. Secretaria Academica y de Investigacion. Instituto de Ciencias Sociales y Disciplinas Proyectuales.; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Musso, Mariel Fernanda. Universidad Argentina de la Empresa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Psicología Matemática y Experimental Dr. Horacio J. A. Rimoldi; Argentin
Predicting attribution of letter writing performance in secondary school: A machine learning approach
Get PDFThe learning research literature has identified the complex and multidimensional nature of learning tasks, involving not only (meta) cognitive processes but also affective, linguistic, and behavioral contextualized aspects. The present study aims to analyze the interactions among activated domain-specific information, context-sensitive appraisals, and emotions, and their impact on task engagement as well as task satisfaction and attribution of the perceived learning outcome, using a machine learning approach. Data was collected from 1130 vocational high-school students of both genders, between 15 and 20 years of age. Prospective questionnaires were used to collect information about the students’ home environment and domain-specific variables. Motivation processes activated during the learning episode were measured with Boekaerts’ on-line motivation questionnaire. The traces that students left behind were also inspected (e.g., time spent, use of provided tools, content, and technical aspects of writing). Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) were used to provide information on the multiple interactions between the measured domain-specific variables, situation-specific appraisals and emotions, trace data, and background variables. ANN could identify with high precision students who used a writing skill, affect, and self-regulation strategies attribution on the basis of domain variables, appraisals, emotions, and performance indicators. ANN detected important differences in the factors that seem to underlie the students’ causal attributions.Fil: Boekaerts, Monique. Leiden University; Países BajosFil: Musso, Mariel Fernanda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Psicología Matemática y Experimental Dr. Horacio J. A. Rimoldi; ArgentinaFil: Cascallar, Eduardo C.. Katholikie Universiteit Leuven; Bélgic
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