1,720,976 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Involvement of membrane CD83 / soluble CD83 in autoimmune pemphigus
No full textLe pemphigus est un groupe hétérogène de maladies bulleuses auto-immunes intra-épithéliales où les lymphocytes B produisent des auto-anticorps pathogènes directement responsables des lésions bulleuses et érosives, cutanées et muqueuses. Les thérapeutiques ciblées déplétant les lymphocytes B (LB) telles que les anticorps monoclonaux anti-CD20 (RTX) ont permis d’améliorer grandement le pronostic des patients. Cependant, certains sont résistants à ces traitements ou rechutent à distance justifiant l’intérêt de rechercher de nouvelles cibles thérapeutiques afin d’améliorer l’arsenal thérapeutique du pemphigus. Les résultats de ce travail suggèrent l’implication de CD83 dans l’activité du pemphigus. CD83 est une protéine de la superfamille des immunoglobulines existant sous une forme membranaire, exprimée par un large panel de cellules immunitaires activées, et sous un forme soluble. CD83 joue un rôle particulièrement important dans l’orchestration des réponses immunitaires et dans la régulation de l’auto-immunité. CD83 est notamment impliqué dans la maturation des LB. Nos travaux mettent en évidence que les LB de patients ayant un pemphigus actif ont une transcription plus importante du gène de CD83 en comparaison aux donneurs sains, notamment les LB Dsg3+-spécifiques lors de l’étude par single-cell RNA sequencing. Cette augmentation de transcription est associée à une augmentation de l’expression de CD83 à la membrane des LB et à une baisse du taux de CD83 soluble sérique, qui est corrélé négativement au taux d’anticorps anti-Dsg3, chez les patients ayant un pemphigus actif en comparaison aux donneurs sains et aux patients en rémission. Les LB présents au sein de structures ectopiques lymphocytaires des tissus lésés de pemphigus expriment CD83. En culture de PBMC de pemphigus actif allostimulées ou non stimulées, le traitement par anticorps anti-CD83 est responsable d’une surexpression de CD86 par les LB, d’une augmentation de la production de IgG, d’une plus grande quantité d’anticorps anti-Dsg3, associé à une baisse du CD83 soluble. L’ensemble de ces résultats suggère ainsi un potentiel intérêt thérapeutique à cibler CD83 dans le pemphigus. Alors que de tels traitements sont déjà en développement dans les hémopathies, le rejet de greffe ou des maladies inflammatoires chroniques, un traitement déplétant les LB CD83+ ou administrant du CD83 soluble pourrait permettre d’améliorer la régulation de l’auto-immunité dans le pemphigu.Pemphigus is a heterogeneous group of autoimmune intraepithelial bullous diseases in which B cells produce pathogenic autoantibodies that are directly responsible for bullous and erosive skin and mucosal lesions. Targeted therapies that deplete B lymphocytes (LB) such as anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (RTX) have greatly improved the prognosis of patients. However, some patients are resistant to these treatments or relapse at a distance, justifying the interest in searching for new therapeutic targets to improve the therapeutic arsenal of pemphigus. The results of this work suggest the involvement of CD83 in the activity of pemphigus. CD83 is a protein of the immunoglobulin superfamily that exists in a membrane form, expressed by a wide range of activated immune cells, and in a soluble form. CD83 plays a particularly important role in the orchestration of immune responses and in the regulation of autoimmunity. In particular, CD83 participates in the maturation of B-cells. Our work shows that LBs from patients with active pemphigus have a higher transcription of the CD83 gene compared to healthy donors, especially Dsg3+-specific B-cells when studied by single-cell RNA sequencing. This increase in transcription is associated with an increase in membrane CD83 expression in LB and a decrease in serum soluble CD83 levels, which correlate negatively with anti-Dsg3 antibody levels, in patients with active pemphigus compared to healthy donors and patients in remission. LB within lymphocytic ectopic structures of inflamed pemphigus tissue express CD83. In cultured allostimulated or unstimulated active pemphigus PBMCs, treatment with anti-CD83 antibodies resulted in overexpression of CD86 by B-cells, increased IgG production, increased anti-Dsg3 antibodies, and decreased soluble CD83. Together, these results suggest a potential therapeutic interest in targeting CD83 in pemphigus. While such treatments are already in development for hemopathies, graft rejection or chronic inflammatory diseases, a treatment that depletes CD83+ B-cells or administers soluble CD83 might improve the regulation of autoimmunity in pemphigus
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Skin Blistering Diseases
No full textThis eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contac
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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