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    Penggunaan kartu media bergambar untuk pengembangan kemampuan mengenal konsep bilangan pada Taman Kanak – kanak.

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    ABSTRAK Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimanakah pengembangan media kartu angka bergambar terhadap kemampuan mengenal konsep bilangan kelompok B1 di Tmana Kanak – kanak Kecamatan Bontoala. Yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan mengenal konsep bilangan Melalaui Media Kartu Angka bergambar kelompok B1. Di taman Kanak – kanak Islam Almarkaz Al – Islami kecamatan bontoala. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dan jenis penelitiannya adalah penelitian tindakan kelas ( PTK ) yang terdiri dari dua siklus dimana setiap siklus dilaksanakan sebanyak 2 kali pertemuan. Fokus penelitian ini adalah kecerdasan konsep bilangan dan media kartu angka bergambar. Prosedur penelitian meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah kelompok B1. Taman Kanak – kanak Islam Almarkaz Al – Islami yaitu 2 orang guru dan anak yang berjumlah 22 orang, yang terdiri 14 anak laki – laki dan 8 anak perempuan. Tehnik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan menggunakan media kartu angka bergambar maka dapat meningkatkan kemampuan mengenal konsep bilangan pada kelompok B1 di Taman Kanak – kanak Islam Almarkaz Al – Islami Kecamatan Bontoala. Hal ini terlihat pada siklus 1 yang menandakan hasil observasi guru dalam mengajar belum meningkat dikarenakan masih kurang dalam menyiapkan alat bahan yang akan digunakan, kurang dalam memberikan contoh melakukan kegiatan, kemudian kurang mengamati percobaan yang dilakukan anak. Sedangkan hasil observasi anak tentang kemampuan mengenal konsep bilangan belum meningkat, dikarenakan anak kurang lancar melakukan kegiatan pembelajaran, anak banyak menuankan ide – idenya dalam melakukan. Pada siklus II ini menandakan hasil observasi guru dalam mengajar sudah meningkat dikarenakan guru menyiapkan alat dan bahan yang akan digunakan, guru memberikan contoh melakukan kegiatan, sehingga hasil observasi anak dengan kemampuan mengenal konsep bilangan yang dilakukan anak sudah menampakkan peningkatan, dikarenakan anak lancar dalam melakukan kegiatan pembelajaran yang diberikan oleh guru, anak banyak menuangkan kegiatan pembelajaran tanpa bantuan orang lain

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis

    Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts

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    We conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more sophisticated methods

    Author Index

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    koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist

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    We have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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