12 research outputs found
فكرة التربية الأخلاقية عند الشيخ مصطفى الغلاييني في كتاب عظة الناشئين
Full text linkمستخلص البحث
كان الإنسان عابدا و خليفة فى الأرض. من الخليفة, الإنسان ليس له إعتقاد للحفظ و الرضع و الإحتفاظ و محافظ العالم فقط, بل له مسؤولية للعادل على كل الأمور للنفس و الأمة. وذالك يدل أن الإنسان لازم ان يحفظ سلوكه عموديا و أفقيا.
تكوين أخلاق الكريمة كان قصد مفضل للتربية. لكن كان فى الوقيعية لا يناسب بالمرجوعة. كثير من المفسادات الأخلاقية لكل المرحلة. خاطف التحديث لايكون التربية الأخلاقية أشد محنكا و صحيحا, بل فاسدا. أزمة التربية أصابت يسبب تطوير الجريمة و فسد لمرحلة الإجتماعية و سلوك الأمة.
وجه السلوك يركز فى القوانين منهج التربية الإسلامية كثير من أهل التربية الإسلامية تقليدى او عصرى. مثل إمام الغازلى و إبن مسكويه و مصطفى الغلايينى و غير ذالك. من أساس ذالك الباحث يريد ان يظهر مرة فكرة التربية الأخلاقية للمصطفى الغلايينى على الكتاب عظة الناشئين. و يرجا ان يصلح تربية الأخلاق خصوصا فى إندونيسييا. الشكل و النهج يستعمل فى هذا البحث وصفيا نوعيا بالدراسة المكتبية ( library research ) و تقنية تحليل البيانات. الباحث يعمل بعض التقنية لسهولة البحث بالطلب و الوجدان و القرأة و الفهم و الكتابة من الكتب و البحث من الشبكة الدولية لطلب البيانات و المعرفة الحديثة. البيانات الموجودة سينظم لوجود الحاصل مناسبا ببحث العلمى بمنهج صفي نوعي.
من حصول البحث, أن صفة التربية الأخلاقية عند الشيخ مصطفى الغلايينى أشد صفة الشبابية حماسة. قيام الأخلاق تشتمل فى كتاب عظة الناشئين قارب بقيام الوطنية على كل النصيحة و الباب. للناشئين الكريمة ممنوع على الكسل و اليأس و الجبن و الجبن و الكذيب و البخيل و الحسد و لايحب الى الوطن فى العمل اليومية.
و من كل قمة الأخلاق مشتمل على الكتاب عظة الناشئين أكثر مناسبا بالتربية الإسلامية فى إندونيسييا. و ذالك مستطيع لتناسب بالقوانن إندونيسييا عن منهج التربوي الوطني فى إندونيسييا. قيام التربية الأخلاقية مشتملة فى كتاب عظة الناشئين عددها 43, و مناسب بالقوانن إندونيسييا عن منهج التربوي الوطني 26, و غير مناسب 17. من 26 قمة فمنها 15 أخلاق المحمودة و 7 أخلاق السيئة و 4 أخلاق سوهما.
ABSTRACT
Humans were created on earth as caliphs and servants. As a caliph on earth, humans are not only given the trust to protect, care for, nurture and prosper this nature alone, but are demanded to be fair to all their affairs to themselves and to all humanity. In other words, humans must always maintain their behavior, both vertically and horizontally.
The formation of this noble character should be the main goal of education. However, reality in the field is not like that. Many moral damages occur in various circles. The rapid flow of modernization does not make moral education more sophisticated and good, but it is increasingly becoming damaged. This educational crisis that hit also resulted in the proliferation of crimes committed by all humans, the destruction of the social order, and the lowering of the nation's morality.
The moral aspects emphasized in the Islamic education system have actually been put forward, both by classical and modern Islamic experts, such as Imam Al Ghazali, Ibn Miskawaih, Mustafa Al Ghalayaini and so on. It is on this basis that researchers are interested in re-revealing the thoughts of Mustafa Al Ghalayaini in the field of moral education in an essay entitled ‘Idhootun Nasyiin. It is hoped that it can improve moral education especially in Indonesia. The design and approach used in this study is descriptive qualitative research in the form of library research and the analysis technique is content analysis. For the smoothness of research and data analysis, researchers use several techniques, including: Searching for, reading, understanding, recording all information from books, browsing (searching) on the internet to find additional data and up-to-date information that supports research . The data obtained will be processed to get results according to the discussion in this study with a qualitative descriptive method.
From the results of the research that the author did, it can be conveyed here that the style of Sheikh Mustafa Al Ghalayaini's moral education is very flavorful of the youth spirit. The moral values contained in the book ‘Idhootun Nasyiin are full of national values in every advice and chapter. As a young man and young woman who has a moral character, he must not be lazy, pessimistic, timid, cowardly, lying, miserly, despicable, and does not love the motherland in carrying out daily life.
And of all the moral values contained in the book ‘Idhootun Nasyiin the majority have been in harmony with Islamic education in Indonesia. This can be harmonized with the National Education System Law in Indonesia. The values of moral education contained in the book 'Idhootun Nasyiin number 43, which is in line with the National Education System Law numbering 26, which is not aligned 17. Of the 26 values, including 15 are good morals, 7 are bad moral, and 4 are morals that are in addition to good moral and bad moral.
ABSTRAK
Manusia diciptakan di bumi sebagai khalifah dan seorang hamba. Sebagai khalifah di bumi, manusia tidak hanya saja di beri kepercayaan untuk menjaga, merawat, memelihara, dan memakmurkan alam ini saja, akan tetapi di tuntut untuk berlaku adil kepada setiap urusannya kepada diri sendidri dan segenap umat manusia. Dengan kata lain, manusia harus selalu menjaga perilakunya, baik secara vertikal maupun horizontal.
Terbentuknya akhlak mulia inilah yang seharusnya menjadi tujuan utama pendidikan. Akan tetapi, realita di lapangan tidak lah seperti itu. Banyak terjadi kerusakan-kerusakan moral di berbagai kalangan. Derasnya arus moderenisasi tidaklah menjadikan pendidikan akhlak semakin canggih dan baik, namun semakin menjadi rusaknya. Krisis pendidikan yang melanda ini juga mengakibatkan suburnya kejahatan-kejahatan yang di perbuat oleh segenap manusia, rusaknya tatanan sosial, dan semakin rendahnya moralitas bangsa.
Aspek moral yang di tekankan di dalam sistem pendidikan Islam sebenarnya sudah banyak di kemukakan, baik oleh pakar Islam klasik maupun modern, seperti Imam Al Ghazali, Ibnu Miskawaih, Mustafa Al ghalayaini dan lain sebagainya. Atas dasar inilah peneliti tertarik untuk mengungkap kembali pemikiran Mustafa Al ghalayaini di bidang pendidikan akhlak dalam sebuah karangannya yang berjudul ‘Idhootun Nasyiin. Di harapkan dapat memperbaiki pendidikan akhlak khususnya di Indonesia. Desain dan pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Deskriptif-Kualitatif yang bersifat studi pustaka ( library research ) dan teknik analisisnya bersifat kajian isi ( content analysis ). Untuk kelancaran penelitian dan analisis data, peneliti memakai beberapa teknik, antara lain: Mencari, Menemukan, membaca, memahami, mencatat semua keterangan dari buku-buku, melakukan browsing ( penelusuran ) di internet untuk mencari data-data tambahan dan informasi terkini yang mendukung penelitian. Data-data yang di peroleh akan di olah untuk mendapatkan hasil sesuai dengan pembahasan pada penelitian ini dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif.
Dari hasil penilitian yang penulis lakukan, dapat di sampaikan disini bahwasannya corak pendidikan akhlak Syekh Mustafa Al Ghalayaini sangatlah beraroma semangat kepemudaan. Nilai-nilai akhlak yang temuat dalam kitab ‘Idhootun Nasyiin sarat dengan nilai-nilai kebangsaan dalam setiap nasihat dan babnya. Sebagai seorang pemuda dan pemudi yang berakhlak karimah tidak boleh malas, pesimis, penakut, pengecut, suka berbohong, kikir, hasud, dan tidak cinta tanah air dalam melangsungkan kehidupan sehari-hari.
Dan dari semua nilai akhlak yang terkandung dalam kitab ‘Idhootun Nasyiin mayoritas telah selaras dengan pendidikan islam yang ada di Indonesia. Hal ini dapat di selaraskan dengan Undang-Undang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional yang ada di Indonesia. Nilai-nilai pendidikan akhlak yang terkandung dalam kitab ‘Idhootun Nasyiin berjumlah 43, yang selaras dengan Undang-Undang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional berjumlah 26, yang tidak selaras 17. Dari 26 nilai, diantaranya 15 adalah akhlak mahmudah, 7 adalah akhlak madzmumah, dan 4 adalah akhlak yang selain akhlak mahmudah dan akhlak madzmumad
Hakikat Pemikiran Seyyed Hossein Nasr
Full text linkThis study wants to provide insight into the importance of thinking Seyyed Hossein Nasr in the Islamic world. The rise of various thoughts that deviate from the teachings of Islam made Seyyed Hossein Nasr moved to make breakthroughs in reforms that denied in the Islamic world. One response that challenges the thought of Seyyed Hossein Nasr is the flow of Western development that overrides the spiritual aspect. Seyyed Hossein Nasr is due to the opposition to the Islamic religion which is felt to be very struggling with Islamic civilization going forward. The main weapon of Seyyed Hossein Nasr to counter this Western discussion is the use of the philosophy of perennialism or what is often referred to as Pernenis Religion
Kebijakan Pendidikan Islam Dari Masa Ke Masa
Full text linkMunculnya berbagai problem Pendidikan tak lain dan tak bukan karena dipengaruhi oleh kebijakan Pendidikan yag ada. Perbedaaan kebijakan dari masa ke masa juga menjadi salah satu dumber munculnya masalah baru. Hal ini disebabkan belum selesai dan sempurnanya kebijakan yang ada malah di ganti dengan kebijakan yang baru hanya karena kepentingan politik atau yang lainnya. Kajian ini mencoba untuk menjelaskan bagaimana perkembangan kebijakan Pendidikan dari masa ke masa. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan kajian kepustakkan atau library research di empat masa, yaitu pra kemerdekaan, orde lama, orde baru, dan era reformasi. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa pada zaman pra kemerdekaan pendidikan Islam sangat sulit berkembang, khususnya pada zaman kolonialisme dan penjajahan jepang. Beranjak ke zaman orde lama, pendidikan Islam telah mempunyai lahan untuk berkembang, ada beberapa kebijakan yang muncul pada saat orde lama, diantaranya; Badan Pekerja Komite Nasional Indonesia Pusat (BPKNIP) pada tanggal 27 Desember 1945, Keputusan bersama antara menteri PPK dan menteri Agama No.1142/Bhg A(pengajaran), Jakarta tanggal 2 Desember 1946, No 1285 /K-7 (Agama) Yogyakarta tanggal 2 Desember 1946, Pembentukan Majelis Pertimbangan Pengajaran Agama Islam, Undang-Undang No. 4 Tahun 1950, Surat Keputusan Bersama (SKB) Menteri Pendidikan, Pengajaran dan Kebudayaan Nomor 1432/Kab dan Menteri Agama Nomor K.1/9180 tanggal 20 Juni 1951, Undang-Undang No. 12 Tahun 1954, Tap MPRS No. 2 Tahun 1960. Lalu Di zaman orde baru pendidikan semakin berkembang pesat dan pada tanggal 24 Maret 1975 dikeluarkan Surat Keputusan Bersama (SKB) Tiga Menteri (Menteri Agama, Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, dan Menteri Dalam Negeri) No. 03 Tahun 1975, meskipun di masa ini pendidikan diwarnai oleh politik yang bersifat sentralistik. Hingga akhirnya di masa reformasi pendidikan Islam mendapatkan perhatian yang sangat dari pemerintahan. Pendidikan sudah tidak berkutit keranah nasional saja namun pendidikan Islam di era reformasi sudah berintegrasi denga dunia internasional guna untuk pembangunan bangsa dan Negar
Kepemimpinan Kyai Dalam menjaga Mutu Pendidikan di Ma‟had al-Jami‟ah UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang
No full textBuku ini pada prinsipnya, ingin memberikan satu gambaran penting berkaitan dengan pola kepemimpin kyai dalam menjaga mutu pendidikan di Ma‟had Al-Jami‟ah UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, serta langkah strategis kyai dalam meningkatkan kualitas lembaga Ma‟had Al-Jami‟ah UIN Malang. Sebagai hasil dari sebuah penelitian yang intensif, buku ini disertai dengan metode penelitian yang bersifat kualitatif (field research), dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Simpulan dari buku ini menunjukkan bahwa pola kepemimpinan kyai di Ma‟had al-Jami‟ah UIN Malang menggunakan pola kepemimpinan Transformasional. Hal ini tampak sosoknya yang berkarisma dan mampu menjadi role model (uswah) dalam mengambil segala keputusan (Idealized influence), menginspirasi dan selalu memotivasi semua civitas akademika Ma‟had al-Jami‟ah (Inspirational motivation), mendorong para musyrif/ah, Murabbi/ah untuk selalu melakukan inovasi (Intellectual stimulation), selalu mendengarkan masukan dan saran dari para musyrif/ah, Murabbi/ah (Individualized consideration). Secara konseptual, buku ini sejalan bahkan memperkuat penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Mardhiyah yang berjudul Kepemimpinan Kyai Dalam Menjaga Budaya Organisasi, artinya ada faktor pola kepemimpinan pada setiap perbaikan Lembaga. Dan penelitian tidak sepakat dengan penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Ahmad Maki dalam tesisnya yang berjudul ?Kepemimpinan Transformasional dalam membina sikap toleransi? karena hanya mengurai kajian kepemimpinan transformasional secara kelembagaan tanpa adanya tokoh sentral sebagai sub penting dalam kajian kepemimpinan sebuah lembaga pendidikan
The impact of the walking dead video game on students' reading comprehension on narrative text
Full text linkWith the development of technology every time, the development of media for learning is also overgrowing. Many new media are popping up especially digital-based media, ranging from images, audio, and video. All of that media has been widely used by teachers to get students excited about what they will learn in class. However, the longer these media feel boring for students, the teachers also have to twist their brains to find new media, one of which is video games. Several studies have looked into the influence of adventure video games on learning English; however, few studies have looked into the effect of adventure games on learning English. This study aimed to see how video games affected students' reading comprehension of narrative text. The study consisted of 50 students from SMA Negeri 1 Kebomas Gresik in tenth grade. X-IPS 1 and X-IPS 2 were the class examples. The impact of video games can be reflected in the multiple-choice scores of students. The author used a quantitative procedure and quasi-experimental design as the analysis methodology with a purposive sampling approach. A multiple-choice test was used as the testing tool. The findings in this study explain that video games do not significantly impact students but only increase the motivation of students to learn and entertain students onl
Study of Teacher's Digital Technology Ability in Online Classroom Management
Full text linkTeacher TIK competence is the ability of teachers to develop learning by utilizing TIK, such as planning, implementing, and innovating learning. Establishing TIK competence as one of the teacher competencies is a logical consequence of the significant positive influence of TIK on educational activities, especially since the pandemic era. This study aims to determine the awareness and competence of teachers to use digital technology in managing classes in this new average era. This research is fundamental and needs to be done to improve the readiness and mastery of high school teachers in the city of Kendari to use technology and classroom management competencies in the learning process. The method used in this research is a descriptive survey using a quantitative approach. The subjects of this study were 36 sample of teachers at SMA Muhammadiyah Kendari. The results showed that the technology skills of Senior High School teachers were good because the total average score and level of achievement of respondents (LAR) from four indicators of TIK ability (computer/laptop operation, use of computer software, internet, and website usage) had reached 4, 11/82.11%. Although it is in a suitable category, it is still necessary to improve specific skills so that they have a maximum impact on good classroom management and problems solvin
Educational Policy Analysis: Examining Pesantren Policies and Their Implications on the Independence of Kyai and Pesantren in the Contemporary Era
Full text linkPurpose – This study aims to investigate the autonomy of “Kyai” (religious teachers) within Pesantren in making education policy. In examining these policies, it focuses on the evolution of teaching and the implementation of the “Asas Tunggal Pancasila” in Indonesian educational institutions, the struggles of Pesantren policies that led to the birth of Law No. 18 of 2019, and the dark side of the politicization of religion that has implications for educational policies.
Design/methods/approach – This type of research uses qualitative research with a case study of two Islamic boarding schools in East Java (research objects). Primary data sources come from observation and interview results. Secondary data sources come from library sources such as laws, scientific articles (journals), books, etc. Data collection used observation techniques, semi-structured in-depth interviews, and documentation (document analysis). Data analysis techniques used qualitative data analysis techniques, namely data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawing.
Findings – The research reveals that the law empowers Pesantren and Kyai to shape their institutions in alignment with societal demands, traditions, and evolving times. Though the Kyai’s independence significantly affects the Pesantren’s trajectory, it does not singularly define its identity. The law underscores the imperative for contemporary teaching methods, curriculum evolution, and infrastructure enhancement, urging Kyai to eschew rigid and authoritarian stances.
Research implications/limitations – The research has theoretical implications that two contrasting views concerning Pesantren policies’ influence on Kyai’s independence vis-à-vis political elites. Proponents (“Yes”) highlight Alignment of Interest, Empowerment and Development, and Community Engagement. Opponents (“No”) cite the Preservation of Autonomy, the potential for manipulation, and an inherent distrust of political parties.
Originality/value – The research provides direction for the complex interplay between religious education and the political domain in Indonesia
EKSISTENSI NILAI-NILAI NASIONALISME DI PESANTREN
Full text linkAzra (2000: 103)mengatakan bahwa pondok pesantren diharapkan tidak hanya memainkan fungsi-fungsi tradisionalnya tanpa peduli akan kepentingan negara dan bangsanya. Dengan posisi dan kedudukannya yang khas, pesantren diharapkan menjadi alternatif pusat pengembangan pembangunan yang berorientasi pada nilai (value oriented developmeny).Oleh karena itu, pesantren sangat berperan besar dalam menumbuhkembangkan ideologi nasionalisme. Dalam Penelitian ini akan dideskripsikan dan dianalisis eksistensi nilai-nilai nasionalisme di pondok pesantren tanpa harus membuang prinsip indigenousity-nya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Adapun subjek penelitian pada kali ini adalah kiai, ustadz, dan santri pondok pesantren. Sedangkan teknik pengumpulan datanya menggunakan pedoman wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini mengatakan bahwa eksistensi nilai-nilai nasionalisme di pondok pesantren Sabilurrasyad Gasek malang terwujud melalui tiga aspek, yaitu program kegiatan pondok pesantren Sabilurrasyad Gasek malang, asas atau dasar pondok pesantren Sabilurrasyad Gasek malang, dan peran para kyai pondok pesantren Sabilurrasyad Gasek malang
Polymer Microfabrication Modules for Cytostretch Organ-on-chip Applications
No full textThe use of conventional biological assay tools, such as Petri dish, has hindered the drug discovery studies ineffective and time-consuming. To cope with this problem, organ-on-chip (OOC) devices have been developed. Modeling organ functionality, topography, and pathology, OOC devices are expected to pave the way the drug discovery processes. Recently, a novel OOC fabricated using integrated circuit (IC) technology was introduced. It is called Cytostretch. It allows for mechanical stimulation of the cultured cardiomyocytes by delivering a certain pressure to the backside of the membrane to replicate a beating heart. The presence of micro-electrode arrays (MEAs) in the device enables to characterize the field potentials of the cells for certain strains. Meanwhile, topography features such as grooves were implemented to induce cell alignment.During the development of this device, two crucial problems were noticed. The first problem is the poor adhesion of the polyimide (PI) to the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane. The PI functions function as insulation layers and provide mechanical integrity to the MEAs. Therefore, the good adhesion of these layers to the membrane is a must. Unfortunately, the recent fabrication results showed that the adhesion of the PI tracks to the PDMS membrane was poor. The second problem is the PDMS membrane itself. Naturally, PDMS can take up molecules, which is problematic in the drug screening studies, since it can compromise the bio-assay results. Furthermore, the presence of silicon backbone in the PDMS structure can also be problematic for the PDMS patterning. Many reports demonstrated that PDMS could not be dry-etched without any residues. The residues were also found in the previous Cytostretch fabrication after the PDMS patterning to form bondpad openings.In this report, the solutions of these two problems are demonstrated. In terms of the PI-PDMS adhesion problem, the silicon carbide-silicon dioxide (SiC-SiO2) bilayer was proposed. In the previous studies, the use of this bilayer has been reported to promote the PI-PDMS adhesion in neural prosthesis devices and flexible body patches. In this work, the SiC-SiO2 fabrication was integrated into the Cytostretch fabrication using plasma-enhanced vapor deposition (PECVD). The immersion tests and the cyclic loading tests showed that the device with the SiC-SiO2 bilayer has an excellent PI-PDMS adhesion.To replace the PDMS membrane, another elastic polymer, polybutadiene rubber (PBR), was studied. Different from the PDMS, the PBR is purely organic without any silicon backbones on its structure. Thus, it is hypothesized that the PBR can be processed more easily than the PDMS. In this work, the patterning of the PBR was elaborated. The PBR patterning experiments began using a bare silicon wafer. The PBR patterning with a wet-etched titanium hard etch mask demonstrated a good anisotropic etching profile. Based on this result, the PBR patterning module was integrated into the Cytostretch fabrication. The bondpad openings in the PBR membrane were also successfully patterned with an anisotropic etching profile. Unfortunately, this successful result was also followed by some issues regarding the non-uniform PBR thickness and the results caused by the errors during the fabrication.Biomedical Engineering | Bioelectronic
Geopolitic Reconstruction of Religion (Learning from Hurgronje in Religion versus Government Conflict Management)
Full text linkPolitical expression of religion can be dangerous for good governance system. And this has really happened in Indonesian history, both during the Dutch occupation and when Indonesia became independent. Religion has become a political vehicle in various forms of political parties and non-parties. Religion also caused military wars which resulted in heavy casualties. The research questions are: What are the factors that turn religion against the government? How did Hurgronje resolve the religious versus government conflict? The approach is carried out with the Sociology of Religion. This paper uses the IMRAD style. Materials obtained through documents and internet news media. The method used is qualitative. The Results: religion as a political doctrine will lead to conflict religion and government and through three groupings of the role of religion in the right portion, ala Hurgronje, will enable the government to reduce conflic
