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Pharmaceutico Analytical Study of Mukta Shukti Bhasma
Full text linkBackground: Mukta Shukti is an aquamarine calcium carbonate compound. Mukta Shukti Bhasma is a classical ethical economical medicament, effective in general practice, pharmaceutical processing as per texts with systematic observation and technological updating is carried out in the present work. Objectives: To prepare Mukta Shukti Bhasma by different Pharmaceutical processes and carry out the analytical study. Materials and Methods: Grahya Ashodhita Mukta Shukti was subjected to Shodhana by Kanji Swedana for 3 hours and then divided into two parts. The first part of Shodhita Mukata Shukti was incinerated totally and after 1st Puta it was divided into two portions, first portion was subjected to Jala Bhavana and incinerated. The second portion was subjected to Kumari Swarasa Bhavana and incinerated. The second part of Shodhita Mukata Shukti was incinerated in Kumari Samputa and subjected to Kumari Swarasa Bhavana and incinerated until they attain Bhasma Siddhi Lakshanas and later all the three samples were subjected to analytical studies. Results: Mukta Shukti Bhasma by Jala Bhavana method, Kumari Bhavana method, and Kumari Samputa method requires 7, 6 and 3 Gajaputas respectively with an average of 324 cow dungs in each and at 793°C temperature. Conclusion: Kumari Bhavita Marana to Mukta Shukti leads to calcite form and Jala Bhavita Marana leads to calcium oxide hydrate form. Chemically Mukta Shukti Bhasma may be in both calcite and calcium oxide hydrate form, and XRD is a method in Standardization of Mukta Shukti Bhasma
Comparative Analytical Study of Mukta Bhasma and Mukta Pishti: A Pharmaceutico-Analytical and Therapeutic Perspective
Full text linkMukta (Pearl) holds a prestigious position in Rasashastra due to its Shita (cooling), Pittahara, Hridya (cardiac tonic), and Rasayana (rejuvenating) properties. It is extensively used in various forms, notably Mukta Bhasma and Mukta Pishti, both derived from the same raw material yet differing significantly in their method of preparation, physicochemical properties, and likely therapeutic outcomes. Mukta Pishti is prepared through a cold process involving levigation with rose water, preserving its organic and aqueous solubility traits. In contrast, Mukta Bhasma is obtained by a high-temperature Marana (incineration) process following proper Shodhana (purification), which transforms the raw material into a fine, stable, and bio-absorbable form. This comparative analytical study aims to evaluate both forms using classical Bhasma Pariksha (such as Rekhapurnatva, Varitaratva, and Nischandratva) and modern analytical techniques like X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Particle Size Analysis, Zeta Potential, and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The results revealed significant differences: Mukta Bhasma exhibited a finer particle size, higher crystallinity, and better dispersion stability, while Mukta Pishti retained organic traces and presented a relatively larger particle size. These findings highlight the importance of choosing the appropriate form based on clinical indication, desired bioavailability, and patient condition. While both formulations serve vital therapeutic roles, Mukta Bhasma may be more effective in chronic systemic disorders, and Mukta Pishti is preferable for acute Pitta-dominant conditions. This study contributes to evidence-based decision-making in Ayurvedic pharmaceutics and supports the rational, therapeutic use of mineral formulations in clinical practice
Comparative study of mukta bhasma & mukta pishti with reference to their particle size
Full text linkMukta (pearl) is used as its derived form viz Mukta Bhasma [MB] & Mukta Pisthi [MP] in treatment of various chronic diseases such as Rajayakshma (Tuberculosis), Prameha (Diabetes Mallitus), Shwasa (Asthma), Vatavyadhi (Neuro-muscular disorders). Mukta bhasma is prepared using direct heat as media of transformation while Mukta Pishti is prepared using indirect heat (trituration). So an attempt was made to compare both preparations to find out role of agni (heat) as well as Mardana (frictional force) in conversion of particle size of final product. The Raw pearl powder, prepared samples of Bhasma and Pishti were subjected to analysis using DLS (Dynamic Light scattering) & NTA (Nano-particle Tracking Analyzing) methods. The study shows that particle size of Mukta Pishti is reduced more than Mukta bhasma same that it can be concluded that Properties of Mukta are preserved as there is no direct contact with heat and will be useful in diseases vitiated by Pitta
Pharmacutico Analytical Study of Mukta Shukti Bhasma
No full textBackground: Mukta Shukti is an aquamarine calcium carbonate compound. Mukta Shukti Bhasma is a classical ethical economical medicament, effective in general practice, pharmaceutical processing as per texts with systematic observation and technological updating is carried out in the present work. Objectives: To prepare Mukta Shukti Bhasma by different Pharmaceutical processes and carry out the analytical study. Materials and Methods: Grahya Ashodhita Mukta Shukti was subjected to Shodhana by Kanji Swedana for 3 hours and then divided into two parts. The first part of Shodhita Mukata Shukti was incinerated totally and after 1st Puta it was divided into two portions, first portion was subjected to Jala Bhavana and incinerated. The second portion was subjected to Kumari Swarasa Bhavana and incinerated. The second part of Shodhita Mukata Shukti was incinerated in Kumari Samputa and subjected to Kumari Swarasa Bhavana and incinerated until they attain Bhasma Siddhi Lakshanas and later all the three samples were subjected to analytical studies. Results: Mukta Shukti Bhasma by Jala Bhavana method, Kumari Bhavana method, and Kumari Samputa method requires 7, 6 and 3 Gajaputas respectively with an average of 324 cow dungs in each and at 793°C temperature. Conclusion: Kumari Bhavita Marana to Mukta Shukti leads to calcite form and Jala Bhavita Marana leads to calcium oxide hydrate form. Chemically Mukta Shukti Bhasma may be in both calcite and calcium oxide hydrate form, and XRD is a method in Standardization of Mukta Shukti Bhasma.</jats:p
A Review Study on Ancient Drug - Mukta
Full text linkFor thousands of years, Rasa Shastra, also known as Ancient Indian alchemy, has been a part of the medical field that has benefited humanity. In Rasa Shastra, the Ancient Alchemists were particularly interested in Rasa, which means Mercury. Rasa Shastra also studies and prepares different herbo-mineral compounds. And the safe use of Mercurial preparations as medicines from many years, Rasa Shastra also deals with study and the preparation of other herbo-mineral chemicals using various plant drugs and animal origin. One of the drugs, the most widely used in Rasa Shastra is Mukta or Pearl. There are various categories or groups of drugs (Varga) used in Rasa Shastra viz. Maharasas, Uparasas etc. and Mukta is divided under the Ratna (precious treasures) Varga. Mukta, also known as Pearl, is one of the medications that is most frequently utilized in Rasa Shastra. Mukta is a spherical, solid black, dazzling white fish that lives in the water. Its advantageous appearance makes it a common ingredient in apparel, cosmetics, and jewellery. It is created by encircling the center nucleus with many layers of conchiolin and calcium carbonate. Classics of Rasa Shastra state that Madhura, Sheeta, and Laghu belong to Mukta. Additionally, it is frequently used as a potent Pitta Shamaka. Procedures for purification and Pishti are also mentioned in the classics of Rasa Shastra, which makes pearls extremely effective for curing illnesses. In Amlapitta, Jwara and Daha, Mukta is widely used in various forms. The aim of the study is to have a critical review on the conceptual study of Mukta
PHARMACEUTICO-ANALYTICAL STUDY OF MUKTA BHASMA PREPARED IN GODUGDHA
Full text linkDrug does its action on basis of its Rasa, Guna, Veerya, Vipaka (acc.to Ayurveda) and chemical composition (acc. to Modern concept) present in it. They are widely used in form of Bhasma, which is exclusively unique dosage form of Ayurveda, these acts in small doses and can cure chronic ailments. Mukta bhasma (calx of pearl) contains calcium carbonate and widely recommended and traditionally used for gastro-intestine tract disorders, anti-pyretic and it strengthens bones. The aim of study is Pharmaceutical and Analysis of Mukta Bhasma prepared in Godugdha by analytical procedures carried out vide infra in two major headings incorporating physico-chemical tests and advanced instrumental techniques like XRD and XRF. 300gms Raw Mukta was taken and gets 208gms dull white Mukta Bhasma. The Calcium percentage of Mukta Bhasma was 43.86% w/w by AAS and by XRF method Ca% in Mukta is 45.07%. Mukta Bhasma was evaluated for loss on drying (0.24%w/w), total ash (99.84%w/w), acid insoluble ash (0.34%w/w), water soluble ash (8.31%w/w), specific gravity (1.0185) and Particle size 20nm to 100nm by TEM was obtained. XRD peaks of the sample confirmed the presence of Calcium Carbonate (Calcite). Elements Detected by XRF study were present in Mukta Bhasma Ca (45.07%), O (41.52%), C (12.44%), Na (0.15%), P (0.13%), Si (0.12%), Cl (0.11%) S (0.08%), Mn (0.07%), Mg (0.07%), K (0.07), Sr (0.05%), Al (0.04%), Fe (0.04%), As (0.02%), Cu (0.01%), Zr in traces
A review of Mukta : An Ancient drug in Rasa Shastra
Full text linkRasa Shastra or preferably called as the ancient Indian Alchemy, deals with the preparation of medicines that has helped mankind since thousands of years. Rasa which means Mercury has been the chief area of interest for the Ancient Alchemists of Rasa Shastra. Along with safe use of Mercurial preparations as medicines since many years, Rasa Shastra also deals with preparation of other herbomineral compounds using varied drugs of plant as well as animal origin. One of the drug, that has been used widely in Rasa Shastra is Mukta or Pearl. There are several categories or groups of drugs (Varga) used in Rasa Shastra viz. Maharasas, Uparasas etc. whereas Mukta is classified under Ratna (precious gems) Varga. Mukta is a shining off white coloured hard spherical object found in sea shells. Due to its lucrative appearance it is widely used in jewelry, cosmetics, as well as in clothing. It is formed by deposition of several concentric layers of calcium carbonate and conchiolin around central nucleus. According to Rasa Shastra classics, Mukta has Madhura, Sheeta and Laghu properties. And so is widely used as a potent Pitta Shamaka. Its purification and Pishti processes are also mentioned in Rasa Shastra classics which makes pearl more potent to cure diseases. Mukta is also widely used in conditions like Amlapitta, Jwara, Daha etc
Immuno-Modulatory activity of Mukta Bhasma (Calx of Cultured Pearls)
Full text linkObjective: Immune activation is an effective as well as protective approach against emerging infectious diseases. To screen for in-vitro immuno-modulatory activity of Mukta Bhasma (Calx of cultured Pearl) on human neutrophils. Methods: Mukta Bhasma (MB) was subjected to In-vitro screening to assess its Immunomodulatory effect using the Nitroblue Tetrazolium (NBT) assay, Phagocytosis & Candidacidal assay, Neutrophil locomotion and Chemotaxis test at five different doses of test drug (1mg, 0.5mg, 0.25mg, 0.125mg, 0.06mg). Results: Mukta bhasma has shown significant (p<0.001) increase in the % of NBT- stimulated cells and candida cells at 0.06mg. MB 0.125mg and MB 0.25 mg showed significant increase (p<0.01) in the candida cells when compared to MB 1.0mg. MB 0.06mg shows significant (p<0.001) increase in the phagocytic activity when compared to other doses of MB. MB showed significant (p<0.001) neutrophil and chemotactic activity at the dose of 0.06 mg and 0.125 mg. Mukta bhasma has shown significant(p<0.001) increase in all the parameters at the dose of 0.06 mg when compared to other doses of MB. Conclusion: The results were self-conclusive and indicated that Mukta Bhasma is immune- potent and showed immuno-modulatory effect at lower doses. Thus, the study revalidates the reference of Mukta Bhasma as a Rasayan and hence also establishing it as an Immunomodulator.
A review of Mukta : An Ancient drug in Rasa Shastra
No full textRasa Shastra or preferably called as the ancient Indian Alchemy, deals with the preparation of medicines that has helped mankind since thousands of years. Rasa which means Mercury has been the chief area of interest for the Ancient Alchemists of Rasa Shastra. Along with safe use of Mercurial preparations as medicines since many years, Rasa Shastra also deals with preparation of other herbo-mineral compounds using varied drugs of plant as well as animal origin. One of the drug, that has been used widely in Rasa Shastra is Mukta or Pearl. There are several categories or groups of drugs (Varga) used in Rasa Shastra viz. Maharasas, Uparasas etc. whereas Mukta is classified under Ratna (precious gems) Varga. Mukta is a shining off white coloured hard spherical object found in sea shells. Due to its lucrative appearance it is widely used in jewelry, cosmetics, as well as in clothing. It is formed by deposition of several concentric layers of calcium carbonate and conchiolin around central nucleus. According to Rasa Shastra classics, Mukta has Madhura, Sheeta and Laghu properties. And so is widely used as a potent Pitta Shamaka. Its purification and Pishti processes are also mentioned in Rasa Shastra classics which makes pearl more potent to cure diseases. Mukta is also widely used in conditions like Amlapitta, Jwara, Daha etc.</jats:p
PREPARATION OF MUKTA BHASMA BY TWO DIFFERENT METHODS AND ITS COMPARATIVE ANALYTICAL STUDY
Full text linkMukta bhasma (calx of pearl) is a unique Rasashastra preparation contains calcium compounds and widely recommended and traditionally used for G.I tract disorders, anti-pyretic and it strengthens bones.
Nowadays, every scholar and practitioner must be aware of pharmaceutical processing of minerals and metals and prevent the toxicity of medicine from the prepared final product. The aim of study is to compare Pharmaceutical and Analysis of Mukta Bhasma prepared by two different methods of Shodhan and Maran and its objective is to carry out Shodhan (purification) and Maran (calcinations) of Mukta (pearls) by two different Methods. The comparison of two samples Mukta Bhasma Godugdha Marit (MBG) & Mukta Bhasma Kulitha Marit (MBK) is carried out by using different analytical methods.
The result shows that the Physico-chemical analysis, Solubility, Particle size of both Bhasmas shows similar values. The qualitative analysis for Inorganic Elements like Calcium, Carbonate etc. are present in both Bhasmas. Quantitative analysis of Na, K, Ca by flame photometry found the MBG having 9±1.04, 50±3.76, 283±25.95 and MBK 11±1.04, 53±3.72, 300±23.96 respectively. The Mukta Bhasma prepared with both methods shows similar values and can be suggested that Mukta Bhasma prepared with either method can result in good quantity of Bhasma
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