105 research outputs found
Data Extracted from Selected Primary Studies
No full textThis dataset consists of a list of data that have been extracted from selected primary studies and it is used as part of the analysis for our research paper entitled "Application of Deep Learning in Software Defect Prediction: Systematic Literature Review and Meta-analysis."
an Algorithm analysis of the lunar eclipse calculation in the book Risālah az-Zain by Ibn Ya’qūb al-Batāwy
No full textThe lunar eclipse reckoning algorithm used in the book Risālah az-Zain by Ibn Ya’qūb al-Batāwy uses the Jean Meus Algorithm, but there are some formulas that are different such as calculating the value of K (estimated year of the eclipse), simplification of the formula F (argument for the latitude of the Moon), formula for calculating the value of A (additional correction to get the value of C), correction formula to determine the value of C (time of maximum eclipse), and determination of Pasaran when the eclipse occurs.
This research is a type of library research. The analysis process uses descriptive analysis. The primary data used is the book Risālah az-Zain and direct interviews with the author of the book, namely Ibn Ya’qūb al-Batāwy. Secondary data is in the form of documents related to lunar eclipses. The purpose of this study was to determine the lunar eclipse reckoning algorithm in the book Risālah az-Zain and to determine the accuracy of the reckoning by analyzing the eclipse reckoning data of Jean Meeus in Astronomical Algorithms and NASA.
This research has 2 results: First, the lunar eclipse reckoning algorithm in the Risālah az-Zain book is classified as hisāb haqiqi contemporary, this can be seen from the astronomical data used using the latest data and using the latest algorithms. This lunar eclipse reckoning algorithm is based on Jean Meeus’s Algorithm in the book Astronomical Algorithms and uses Julian day, the new epoch of 2000, and Danjon’s rules.
Second, the lunar eclipse reckoning algorithm has good accuracy because the result of data from the calculation of the lunar eclipse of Risālah az-Zain and Jean Meeus differs slightly with the largest average difference of -0:01:21 in the phase of U1, maximum of the eclipse, and P4. The smallest difference is -0:01:12 in the phase of P1, U1, U2, U4 and P4. The result of data from the calculation of Risālah az-Zain’s lunar eclipse with NASA is slightly different with the largest average difference of -00:05:48 in U1 phase. The smallest difference is 00:00:00 / has no difference in U4 phase.
Lunar eclipse calculation algorithm in book Risālah az-Zain needs some additions, such as: calculations to find out the area and state of a place during a lunar eclipse as done by NASA and the inclusion of a formula for calculating the value of E (eccentricity value of the Earth’s orbit around the Sun), JDE WD (Julian date adjusted to the time of the area), and Z (value to determine the days and markets when the eclipse occurs) in chapter al-Kusūfaini (Two Eclipses)
Intoxication and self-defence : a comparative study of principles of English law and Shari'ah
No full textThe study is based upon an analysis of the general principles of criminal liability in English law and Shari 'ah. It is hoped that it may provide a valid basis for discussion of the future development of criminal law.
The relationship between law and society is an organic one and this relationship in Shari'ah is based on revelatory text of precepts, law, and admonitions. Shari'ah is an
essential part of faith of every Muslim; a sound knowledge of its principles not only gives him a sense of inner fulfilment but enables him to order his life according to the dictates of his religion. On the other hand, in English law, religious beliefs and private morality might be viewed as not a matter for law. Religion is in that context generally conceived as a spiritual sphere of supra-human connotation distinct from law, which is basically a secular concern.
Both the systems of law under consideration are different in their sources and nature. English law, being a positive law, finds its source in legislation and other recognised
sources. Shari 'ah is a divine ordinance imposed upon people without having a freedom of choice and it has its roots in its primary sources, the Holy Qur'an, and the Sunnah.
However, the revelatory nature of Shari'ah does not render it entirely inflexible and immutable. The finality of authoritative legal texts is confined only to a limited number of injunctions in the primary sources. The secondary sources provide flexibility to meet the changing requirements of society. A legal system should strike a fair balance between flexibility and inflexibility of legal rules. A very flexible system of law may lead to inconsistencies, illogicalities and at the same time may be subject to abuse by judges while a rigid system, which leaves no room for judicial discretion is likely to
lead to injustice in certain cases. It is submitted that the very flexible nature of English law has left it full of inconsistencies and illogicalities, despite the appropriate use of judicial discretion.
The research offers a general view of modern thinking about the theoretical foundations and methodology of Shari'ah Shari 'ah recognises a variety of sources and methods from which a rule of law might be derived. Part-I of the thesis discusses the evolving principles of Islamic jurisprudence from their rudimentary sources. The specific relationship between socio-religious reality and the production of theoretical legal discourse is illustrated in Part-11 and III while dealing with the problem of intoxication
and private defence in society. It suggests that Shari'ah provides a framework in which the complex and sometimes competing needs of an individual and society can be fairly
apportioned.
The research will demonstrate that there is a well developed system of criminal law in Shari'ah that can be compared with the most developed and civilised criminal law of the contemporary world, for example, English criminal law. In order to compare the compatibility of both the legal systems, the approaches of both towards the problems of intoxication and self-defence have been taken as a parameter. Though Shari 'ah provisions seem to be predominantly prescriptive as compared to English criminal law, the comparison will show that it can provide practical solutions to problems faced by human society of any age. Shari 'ah being a revealed law is proactive in its nature. It takes action to cause changes and not only react to a change when it happens. This particular feature can be felt while dealing with the problem of intoxication. English
criminal law, on the other hand, being a positive law bears the characteristics of a reactive law. It reacts to events or changes rather than acting first to cause change or
prevent something. Another major difference between the two legal systems might be that English criminal law has passed through many evolutionary phases and reached at the present stage through the efforts of the political power and the state; whereas, Muslim states and governments throughout the centuries neither had a hand in the development of Islamic jurisprudence nor in the training and certification of jurists or jurisconsults whose task it was to formulate the law.
History suggests that using the combined forces of religion, morality and law Shari'ah has effectively eradicated social evils and created a peaceful environment for human coexistence, where every one can enjoy his rights without a fear of infringement by the others. In cases of infringement of such rights, the offender shall be liable to severe punishments. The principles of criminal liability are on a par with the corresponding principles of the English criminal law. While protecting the rights of the victim of the crime, Shari'ah does not ignore the rights of the offender for fair trail, impartial justice and liability for punishment proportional to the offence committed by him. At the same time it recognises excuse and justification defences under appropriate circumstances, as
it will be evident while comparing the defences of intoxication and self-defence with the same in English criminal law.
The study reveals that there are similarities and differences between English law and Shari'ah when considering the issue of crime and criminal liability. However, this may be considered as normal phenomenon of comparing any two different legal systems. The differences can be attributed to their sources, origin, history and nature of the social values to be protected. Similarities can be ascribed to zeal for social justice and stability.
The study of differences and similarities will provide an opportunity to illuminate our understanding of law and the process of its development. As both the systems have their
own methodology to tackle legal issues, a different approach to the similar problem will provide a fresh insight leading to revitalised solutions. It will also be helpful to understand the methodology and the legal reasoning of both the systems leading towards a better understanding of law in general and at the same time providing efficient means for improvement
PENDIDIKAN POLITIK: MENINGKATKAN PARTISIPASI POLITIK GEN Z
No full textGenerasi Z adalah kelompok pemilih penting dalam pemilu Indonesia, dengan jumlah mencapai 22,85% dari total Daftar Pemilih Tetap (DPT) Pemilu 2024. Mereka cenderung kritis, rasional, dan paham tentang teknologi, sehingga menjadi bagian strategis dalam menjaga demokrasi. Namun, karena pemahaman tentang politik masih rendah dan rentan terhadap berita palsu, diperlukan pendidikan politik yang lebih baik. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan oleh Program Studi Ilmu Pemerintahan bersama SMA Negeri 18 Jakarta, dengan tujuan meningkatkan pemahaman politik di kalangan siswa. Metode yang digunakan meliputi penyuluhan, diskusi kelompok, serta simulasi pemilu. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa siswa mampu memahami hak-hak politik, tahapan pemilu, serta berpartisipasi aktif dalam simulasi dengan disiplin dan sesuai prosedur. Simulasi ini tidak hanya memberi pengetahuan, tetapi juga melatih keterampilan praktis dalam berdemokrasi, seperti menjaga kerahasiaan suara, menolak praktik politik berbasis transaksi, serta menilai informasi politik secara kritis. Dengan demikian, pendidikan politik yang berbasis simulasi terbukti efektif dalam melatih pemilih muda yang rasional, aktif, dan bertanggung jawab
A comparison between pupils who attend madrasah and other type of schools in Bangladesh: their reason for going, their employment prospects and contrasting systems of education
No full textThe Education system of Bangladesh is characterized by the presence of traditional religious (madrasah) and general (school) education. The prevalence of this duality is considered to be one of the fundamental problems in promoting an integrated educated society in the country. The difference between these two groups of people can be observed not only in their orientation and thinking but also in all aspects of life ranging from style of dressing to commitment towards politics. Those coming out of the general education system dominate educated society and the national development process, while those who receive education through the madrasah system usually live on religious activities and rituals and its teaching. Hence their contribution towards national development is hardly visible. The present study, which is probably unique of its kind in Bangladesh, is an empirical one investigating this duality in education, its causes, influencing factors and consequences. It has been evident in the present study that although the root of this duality lies in historical facts, present management by authority largely adds to the problem. Then apathy towards the issue has aggravated the situation and the rift continues to be as wide as ever. There are some social, economic and cultural factors among the people which also keep this issue alive. It has been found in this study that factors like parental educational background, level of education, influence of relatives, level of economic condition, family tradition and attitude towards religion seem to have influenced the enrolment of children into the two systems. Integrating these two contrasting systems of education was felt necessary by most of the respondents although on the question of how to achieve this integration opinion did not converge. It is of course a difficult task, but not impossible. For the greater benefit of society, all should come forward to minimize the gap between the two systems of education
Data Extracted from Selected Primary Studies
No full textThis dataset consists of a list of data that have been extracted from selected primary studies and it is used as part of the analysis for our research paper entitled "Application of Deep Learning in Software Defect Prediction: Systematic Literature Review and Meta-analysis."THIS DATASET IS ARCHIVED AT DANS/EASY, BUT NOT ACCESSIBLE HERE. TO VIEW A LIST OF FILES AND ACCESS THE FILES IN THIS DATASET CLICK ON THE DOI-LINK ABOV
SDP-SLR: Figures 4-32
No full textThis dataset consists of figures of the analysis result for our research paper entitled "Application of Deep Learning in Software Defect Prediction: Systematic Literature Review and Meta-analysis.
Investigation of the dynamical structures of double-chain deoxyribonucleic acid model in biological sciences
No full textAbstract The present research investigates the double-chain deoxyribonucleic acid model, which is important for the transfer and retention of genetic material in biological domains. This model is composed of two lengthy uniformly elastic filaments, that stand in for a pair of polynucleotide chains of the deoxyribonucleic acid molecule joined by hydrogen bonds among the bottom combination, demonstrating the hydrogen bonds formed within the chain’s base pairs. The modified extended Fan sub equation method effectively used to explain the exact travelling wave solutions for the double-chain deoxyribonucleic acid model. Compared to the earlier, now in use methods, the previously described modified extended Fan sub equation method provide more innovative, comprehensive solutions and are relatively straightforward to implement. This method transforms a non-linear partial differential equation into an ODE by using a travelling wave transformation. Additionally, the study yields both single and mixed non-degenerate Jacobi elliptic function type solutions. The complexiton, kink wave, dark or anti-bell, V, anti-Z and singular wave shapes soliton solutions are a few of the creative solutions that have been constructed utilizing modified extended Fan sub equation method that can offer details on the transversal and longitudinal moves inside the DNA helix by freely chosen parameters. Solitons propagate at a consistent rate and retain their original shape. They are widely used in nonlinear models and can be found everywhere in nature. To help in understanding the physical significance of the double-chain deoxyribonucleic acid model, several solutions are shown with graphics in the form of contour, 2D and 3D graphs using computer software Mathematica 13.2. All of the requisite constraint factors that are required for the completed solutions to exist appear to be met. Therefore, our method of strengthening symbolic computations offers a powerful and effective mathematical tool for resolving various moderate nonlinear wave problems. The findings demonstrate the system’s potentially very rich precise wave forms with biological significance. The fundamentals of double-chain deoxyribonucleic acid model diffusion and processing are demonstrated by this work, which marks a substantial development in our knowledge of double-chain deoxyribonucleic acid model movements
The determination of normative data for a cost-effective Bal Ex ABEVR: Preliminary data - Case study
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