1,721,439 research outputs found
Fish Swimming Performance: Insights from Theory and Experiments
Full text linkL'abstract è presente nell'allegato / the abstract is in the attachmen
Us'sama Comic / Muhammad Usama Hiu Muhammad Yusuf Hiu
Full text linkThe name of this product is US'SAMA. The clients is Blue-T Publication Sdn. Bhd is a business that includes the publication of books, magazines, and any kind of printed materials. Where does it be a private limited company that has been existed for more than 18 years. A product description is "GRAPHIC NOVEL COMIC an action Comic of Islamic Hero Who's Has a Spirit Like Lion To Save Earth From Evil Being Destruction Of World ". The tagline that has been used is "The Reborn of Lion Spirit". This story began in one day at US'SAMA world, Rafflesia city being attacked by a group of unknown evil beings rather than normal human doings. They began to spread havoc and destruction throughout the city far worse than what US'SAMA normally had to deal with. While US'SAMA was dealing with them, information about it was received by far away of planets Khauzer and they send help to save the world from being destroyed by the incoming evil. Us'sama is a comic product that specializes in action and an epic fictional adventure storyline. It is suitable to use for children and all ages. The objectives of Us'sama are (1) to enhance the quality of comic book storyline and graphic style that will give a proper way for every user to have fun reading it while appreciating the graphic design of the comics, (2) to improve their moral values by to teach and apply elements of pure values to all readers of all ages, and (3) to increase reader awareness about the importance of pure values, ethics and the importance of human values and the teachings of Islam. The novelty of this product can be viewed from the function of this product, in which the main focus is to tell a new type of superhero storyline that's originally for local Malaysian comic production. The target audience is focused on children aged 6 to 12 years old, but it is suitable for all ages. US'SAMA is the story of a hero from earth defending humanity and the world with his group of heroes that were called 'THE GUARDIAN'. Therefore, the design process will be giving a new refreshing Islamic hero comic type of storyline into the field of comic creation that is in an effort to present that is interesting and contains good elements and noble values to be inculcated in every young person. It the designed with an enjoyable storyline and epic action design without compromising the main features. This is to ensure that this product attracts users more effectively without compromising the delivery of this comic storytelling. With this graphic novel comic, the reader who reads this comic would be able to improve their skill and creativity especially in creating a good storyline while also including moral elements to teach and remind all of us of the importance of manners and pure values. The conclusion is Us'sama will be given the benefits and useful to encourage people to use their creativity in every type of field that has many great potentials as a learning tool
The effect of in-flume habituation time and fish behaviour on estimated swimming performance
Full text linkSwimming performance is important for fish migration, habitat selection, and predator-prey interaction, as well as for fish passage design. Procedural choices made when experimentally estimating it may influence the results. Systematic experiments were conducted to study the effect of different in-flume habituation times, habituation behaviour, and the use of external encouragement on burst swimming performance of Rutilus aula, a small-sized cyprinid, in a fixed velocity testing protocol. Increasing habituation times from 30 s to 5 or 20 min substantially increased the success proportion of swimming trials and estimated fish swimming performance, with no difference between the latter two habituation times. Fish resting on the downstream grid before the start of testing velocity outperformed those who swam during habituation and transition periods. Fish swimming volitionally in response to flow at testing velocity showed a significantly improved performance compared to fish motivated by external poking. The results of this study highlight that in-flume habituation time is important, and fish behaviour before actual testing may influence the outcomes of swimming performance results
Hand-crafted Vs. deep CNN features to distinguish benign from malignant lesions in breast ultrasound images
No full textBreast ultrasound imaging (BUS) plays a major role in the diagnosis of breast cancer. Consequently, computerised analysis of BUS images is being intensively investigated as a means to assist physicians in clinical decision making. The traditional approach involves the use of manually-designed (hand-crafted) morphology and texture features, although Deep Learning (DL) by convolutional neural networks (CNN) has
received much interest in recent years. Advances in AI research has demonstrated the effectiveness of CNN models for classification tasks; however, this approach requires large datasets, extensive computational resources and solid knowledge of CNN architecture design.
Deep feature extraction from pre-trained state-of-the art CNNs is an easy-to-implement approach that allows to exploit the
information already learnt on large datasets (e.g., ImageNet) while saving substantial computational time and resources. In this work we compare the effectiveness of deep features from three pre-trained CNN with that of five types of hand-crafted features for differentiating benign vs. malignant lesions on BUS images. The analysis was carried out on 252 lesions (154 benign, 98 malignant) from the recently released BrEaST dataset. The effects of image preprocessing (resizing and denoising) and of the area from which the features are computed (region of interest – ROI or bounding box around the ROI) are also investigated. The results show that the deep features outperformed the handcrafted in terms of accuracy (best accuracy 81.4% vs. 78.6%) hence demonstrating the feasibility of the method
Experimental assessment of conventional features, CNN-based features and ensemble schemes for discriminating benign versus malignant lesions on breast ultrasound images
No full textBreast ultrasound images play a pivotal role in assessing the nature of suspicious breast lesions, particularly in patients with dense tissue. Computerized analysis of breast ultrasound images has the potential to assist the physician in the clinical decision-making and improve subjective interpretation. We assess the performance of conventional features, deep learning features and ensemble schemes for discriminating benign versus malignant breast lesions on ultrasound images. A total of 19 individual feature sets (1 morphological, 2 first-order, 10 texture-based, and 6 CNN-based) were included in the analysis. Furthermore, four combined feature sets (Best by class; Top 3, 5, and 7) and four fusion schemes (feature concatenation, majority voting, sum and product rule) were considered to generate ensemble models. The experiments were carried out on three independent open-access datasets respectively containing 252 (154 benign, 98 malignant), 232 (109 benign, 123 malignant), and 281 (187 benign, 94 malignant) lesions. CNN-based features outperformed the other individual descriptors achieving levels of accuracy between 77.4% and 83.6%, followed by morphological features (71.6%–80.8%) and histograms of oriented gradients (71.4%–77.6%). Ensemble models further improved the accuracy to 80.2% to 87.5%. Fusion schemes based on product and sum rule were generally superior to feature concatenation and majority voting. Combining individual feature sets by ensemble schemes demonstrates advantages for discriminating benign versus malignant breast lesions on ultrasound images
Supplemental Material - Enhancement in creep resistance of pristine polystyrene with incorporation of exfoliated 2D graphene nanosheets at low filler loading
No full textSupplemental material for Enhancement in creep resistance of pristine polystyrene with incorporation of exfoliated 2D graphene nanosheets at low filler loading by Arfa Malik, Hassan Raza, Arslan Ahmad, Muhammad Rafi Raza and Muhammad Usama Arshad in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science</p
Supplemental Material - Enhancement in creep resistance of pristine polystyrene with incorporation of exfoliated 2D graphene nanosheets at low filler loading
No full textSupplemental material for Enhancement in creep resistance of pristine polystyrene with incorporation of exfoliated 2D graphene nanosheets at low filler loading by Arfa Malik, Hassan Raza, Arslan Ahmad, Muhammad Rafi Raza and Muhammad Usama Arshad in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science</p
MRG rekonstrüksiyonu için difüzyon köprüleri
No full textCataloged from PDF version of article.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 53-73).Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) reconstruction typically involves a dealiasing process to transform undersampled data into fully-sampled data. However, conventional diffusion priors perform a denoising transformation, starting from a state of Gaussian noise and ending with fully-sampled data. Since the aliasing artifacts associated with many k-space sampling patterns have spatial structures that differ significantly from white Gaussian noise, this denoising process can lead to reconstruction errors due to suboptimal suppression of artifacts. To overcome this limitation, we introduce the first Fourier-constrained diffusion bridge (FDB) for MRI reconstruction. Unlike task-agnostic diffusion priors, the FDB is specifically designed to perform a dealiasing transformation, starting with undersampled data and ending with fully-sampled data. The starting point is created using a novel stochastic degradation operator that removes a randomly selected, progressively increasing set of spatial frequencies. Unlike diffusion priors that start from a heavily degraded state, the FDB uses a moderately undersampled starting point to enhance the reverse diffusion sampling process. Furthermore, unlike existing diffusion bridges that degrade data based on a weighted average of the start and end points, the FDB uses a binary removal of k-space points, aligning more closely with the nature of accelerated MRI acquisitions. To further enhance image quality, the FDB employs a novel sampling algorithm based on a learned correction term, enabling soft dealiasing by continuously refining estimates of the recovered k-space data during reverse diffusion steps. Tests on brain MRI show that the FDB outperforms competing non-diffusion priors by 4.8 dB PSNR and 11.8% SSIM, and diffusion priors by 4.7 dB PSNR and 6.6% SSIM.by Muhammad Usama Mirz
Survival and swimming performance of a small-sized Cypriniformes (Telestes muticellus) tagged with passive integrated transponders
Full text linkItalian riffle dace (Telestes muticellus, Bonaparte 1837) is a small-bodied Leuciscidae native to the Italian Peninsula, of which little is known about the ecology and individual movements in nature. Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) telemetry is used to track fish movements and behaviour. The basic assumption is that the PIT-tagged organism’s performances do not differ considerably from their natural behaviour. Here we present the first evaluation of potential tagging effects in the genus Telestes. The survival rate and tag retention were compared between two different tag implantation methods – injector gun and scalpel incision - and pit-tagging effects on swimming performance were evaluated. Five weeks after tagging, Italian riffle dace demonstrated high survival rates in all treatments: 94.8% for fish tagged with injector gun (n=58), 100% for scalpel incision method (n=58), and 98.3% for controls (n=58). The tag re-tention was 96.6% for gun treatment and 100% for scalpel treatment. Prolonged swimming performance, tested 22-23 days after tagging, showed a reduction in endurance (time-to-fatigue) for scalpel treatment (n=22) compared to the control group (n=21), while no difference in maximum swimming velocity was observed. We conclude that PIT tagging is a suitable technique for Italian riffle dace, showing high survival and PIT retention and no effect on maximum swimming speed. Significantly lower prolonged swimming performance, although likely less ecologically important, shows that tagging is not without costs. Potential biases need to be evaluated on a study-by-study basis, and future studies should explore behavioural tagging effects in natur
Repeatability and reliability of the provoked escape response test for estimating fish maximum swimming speeds
No full textIn fish, burst swimming performance is essential for escaping predators, capturing prey, and overcoming velocity barriers. Forced swimming trials often underestimate performance, whereas volitional swimming tests provide more ecologically relevant data, but require costly infrastructure. A cost-effective alternative is the provoked escape response test, where an object is dropped near the fish to trigger an escape response, and maximum swimming speed is estimated over a pre-determined time-period. The robustness of this test has, however, been little investigated. Here we test its repeatability at both the individual and group levels by running two repeated trials on 118 individuals of the Padanian goby (Padogobius bonelli) on two consecutive days. The estimated maximum swimming speed was not repeatable at the individual fish level, suggesting that the test may be unreliable when individual fish performance measures are important. The testing protocol did consistently show that large fish outperform small fish and remains a useful, simple, and cheap method for estimating average swimming performance and for comparing the performance between groups. Lower performance in the second compared to the first test indicates that fish experience, such as habituation or stress, can influence estimated maximum swimming speeds, suggesting that absolute estimates should be used with caution
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