145 research outputs found
A reappraisal of attitudes to the 'People of the Book' in the Qur'an and hadith, with particular reference to Muslim fiscal policy and the covenant of 'Umar
No full textEThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
Al-Sharif Al-Radi: His Life and Poetry
No full textThe aim of this work is to study al-Sharif al-Radl, his life and poetry. The first part deals with the poet’s environment and life; the second with his poetry. Chapter I deals with the political conditions under which the poet lived. The purpose of the second chapter is to portray Al-Radl's social environment and its reflection in contemporary poetry. The third chapter describes the literary environment of Al-Radl's age at some length. The fourth chapter aims to study Al-Radl's life in detail. The factors which influenced his outlook and personality are discussed. An attempt is made to discern how far these factors affected his poetry. The second part of this work deals with Al-Radl's poetry itself. In Chapter V historical observations are made on Al-Radl's Diwan o in both manuscript and published forms. Chapter VI deals with his panegyrics. General remarks are made on eulogy in Arabic poetry. The content, form and development of Al-Radl's panegyrical odes are analysed. His Ikhwaniyyat receive special attention. Chapter VII deals with Al-Radl's self-praise its content and form. An endeavour is made to explore the Utopian world which the poet tried to portray, Al-Radl's elegies (Ch. VIII). their content, form and characteristics are reviewed. In addition, his dirges on women receive attention. Shi ism in Al-Radl’s poetry is discussed in Chapter IX, Al-Radl’s love-poetry (Ch. X) is discussed. His Hijaziyyat receive particular attention. It is claimed that Al-Radl’s produced in his Hijaaiyyat a poetical amalgam which contains some aspects of ‘Udhrite and ’Umarite poetry. Chapter II deals with Al-Radl's poetical technique. His theories of poetical composition and his comments on other poets are examined. A comparison is made between Al-Radl and other poets both previous and contemporary. Special attention is paid to al-Mutanabbi's influence. In Chapter XII there is a broad re-assessment of Al-Radl’s place in the history of Arabic poetry
EPISTEMOLOGI TAFSIR NUR AL-IHSAN KARYA MUHAMMAD SA‘ID BIN ‘UMAR
No full textIdealnya penafsiran terhadap teks-teks keagamaan bertujuan untuk menjelaskan kandungan teks tersebut sehingga bisa memberikan solusi terhadap permasalahan yang ada di masyarakat. Namun, pada kenyataannya, tidak semua penafsiran dilakukan murni untuk memberikan solusi, terkadang terdapat kecenderungan tertentu, seperti ideologi, mazhab, disiplin keilmuan, dan lain sebagainya yang dapat memengaruhi cara penafsir memahami dan menafsirkan ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an. Hal ini dikarenakan seorang penafsir adalah manusia yang memiliki latar belakang, pengalaman, dan pandangan hidup yang berbeda-beda. Hal ini membuat penafsiran tidak bisa sepenuhnya lepas dari subjektivitas penafsirnya. Salah seorang mufassir yang juga memiliki latar belakang biografis seorang mufti dan pengikut tarekat adalah Muhammad Sa’id ibn ‘Umar dengan kitab tafsirnya Nur Al-Ihsan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan menelisik aspek epistemologi dari kitab tafsir Nur Al-Ihsan mengingat latar belakang biografis tersebut, di samping juga untuk menganalisis alasan kenapa terdapat corak penafsiran sufistik dan fikih. Penelitian ini termasuk library reserach dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif-analitis. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah historis-filosofis. Pendekatan historis berfungsi untuk menelisik keterkaitan antara pemikiran Muhammad Sa’id dengan keadaan sosial pada waktu itu. Pendekatan filosofis dengan kerangka teori epistemologi digunakan untuk menganalisis sumber dan metode penafsiran, serta validitas penafsiran. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah: pertama, sumber penafsiran yang digunakan Muhammad Sa’id ibn ‘Umar adalah Al-Qur’an, hadis, qaul Sahabat, akal dan penalaran, serta kitab-kitab tafsir seperti al-Jalalain, al-Baidawi, al-Nasafi, al-Khazin, al-Jamal, al-Qurtubi, dan al-Tabari. Secara umum metode penafsiran yang digunakan adalah ijamali dan terkadang juga menggunakan metode tahlili. Validitas penafsiannya adalah korespondensi dan pragmatis. Kedua, terdapat dua faktor utama yang memengaruhi bercorak sufistik dan fiqhi dalam kitab Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan: transmisi-transformasi pengetahuan yang berupa pendidikan, afiliasi tarekat, dan buku-buku tasawuf membentuk cara berpikir dan penafsiran, khususnya penekanan pada aspek sufistik. Keadaan sosial, latar belakang sosialnya sebagai seorang mufti yang barang tentu ahli ilmu fikih mendorong terbentuknya corak fiqhi dalam penafsiran beberapa ayat
Exploring new innovation in e-learning / Jamal Othman
No full textAlhamdulillah, the fourth edition of ebook under SIG of e-Learning@CS has been successfully published. Representing the editorial board, I want to express my appreciation to all authors for their participation in this e-book edition. I wish to express my sincere appreciation to Madam Norazah Umar, the Program Coordinator for the Department of Computer and Mathematical Sciences (JSKM) who has given words of encouragement in making this publication a reality. Starting from 2022, the committee of SIG e-Learning@CS has decided to publish this eBook twice a year. This e-book will be published in April and October each year following the evaluation period of MyATP 2.0 system. The fourth edition of the e-book focuses on innovation in teaching. The authors are encouraged to share experiences and ideas that have been applied and implemented since the Open Distance Learning (ODL) approach was introduced during Movement Controls Orders (MCO). A total of 16 papers have been submitted by JSKM lecturers and varieties of teaching innovations have been elaborated and well explained by the author
The Emirate of Damascus in the early Crusading period, 488-549/1095-1154
No full textThis study "The Emirate of Damascus During the Early
Crusading Period 488-549/1095-1154 deals with this
Emirate which was established in 488/1095, after the
defeat and the murder of Taj al-Dawla Tutush near Rayy
in 488/1095 by his nephew Sultan Berkiyaruq Ibn Sult-an
Malik-Sh5h. The dominions of Ti al-Dawla, mainly in
Syria and the Jazira divided between his elder sons King
Fakhr al-Mullik Ridwan in Aleppo and King Shams al-Muliik
Ducfaq in Damascus. The Kingdom of Damascus comprized
south Syria and some parts of the Jazira such as al-
Rahba and Mayyafäriqin.
Zahir al-Din Tughtekln, who was Atabek of King Duclaq, became the de facto ruler of Damascus during the
reign of King Duqaq 488-497/1095-1104. After the death
of Duqaq, Tughtekin was to be the real Amir of Damascus,
and his dynasty was to gain control of the Emirate until
its fall at the hands of Niir al-Din Mahmild of Aleppo in
549/1154.
In this thesis, the following matters are discussed:
1. The conditions which led to the foundation of this
Emirate.
2. The role of Tughtekin in establishing his authority
in the Emirate.
3. The foreign policy of the Emirate, and the factors
which shaped this policy.
4. The effects (on the Emirate) of the coming of the
Crusaders particularly those of Jerusalem.
S. Internal rivalries in the Emirate, and their
influence on the stability of the Emirate and its
external relations.
6. The policy of alliances adopted by the Emirate and
the factors which affected this.
7. The influence of the growing power of Zangi of
Aleppo and Mosul (521-541/1127-1146) on Damascus and
why he did not succeed in annexing Damascus to his
united front in Syria and the Jazira aimed at
challenging the power of the Crusaders.
8. The reasons which helped Mir al-Din Mahmüd Ibn Zangi
of Aleppo to annex Damascus to his state in
549/1154.
9. The importance of the military power of Damascus and
Its role in protecting the Emirate.
Finally a concluding section sums up the achievement
of the Emirate of Damascus in maintaining its
Independence during the period and the role of the
Emirate in the Counter-Crusade
Medina in the Ayyubid period and the Shi'a influence upon it
No full textThe underlying concern of this thesis is to shed light on the history of Medina during the Ayyubid period, discussing and analysing the Shi'a emergence in the city in that time, and the transfer to them of power, the judiciary and the key religious positions. It also discusses their influence over the various facets of life there. The study comprises an introduction, six central chapters and a conclusion. The first chapter includes a general introduction, beginning with a historical background of pre-Islamic Medina, and then proceeds to present an overview of the importance of the subject and the reasons for choosing it. It then moves on to an exposition of the key issues which the study will discuss, and the methodology which it follows. The second chapter provides a concise account of the significance of Medina in the Islamic sources (the Qur'an and the hadith), discussing the role of the city and its inhabitants in their support for and propagation of Islam. It also gives a short account of the history of Medina following the death of the Prophet up until the Umayyad period, and briefly discusses the key historical events during that period. The
third chapter examines the state of the Islamic World prior to and during the Ayyubid period, and discusses the key historical events that occurred in Medina at that time and
their connection with what was happening in the Islamic World. The fourth chapter studies and analyses the emergence of the Shi'a in Medina during the Ayyflbid period, and examines certain accounts of this. It also tracks the history of the Shia in Medina prior to the Ayyübid period by providing critical examples of some of the accounts on the subject. The reasons behind the emergence of the Twelver Shia doctrine in Medina during the
Ayyübid period will also be studied and analysed, and the chapter will explain how the Shi'a came to assume the key political and religious offices in the city. Their relations with other Shi'a sects will also be examined, and the way in which their control of Medina came to an end will be discussed. The fifth chapter discusses political life in Medina during the Ayyubid period and the influence of the Shia upon it, studies and analyses the political
relations between the emirs of Medina and each of the neighbouring tribes, the emirs of Mecca, the sultans of the Ayyubid state and those of the Banü Rasül in Yemen, and
explains the influence of the Shi'a on these relations and the role which they played in the political life in the city. The sixth chapter discusses social life in Medina during the Ayyubid period and the influence of the Shia upon it, by studying the composition of civil society and its groupings, the distinguishing features apparent in each grouping, and the elements of social life and its economic conditions, as well as the constructive interplay between them, in order to present an accurate picture of the city's social life. The seventh chapter discusses the state of learning in the city during the Ayyübid period and the Shia
influence upon it, by examining some of the accounts mentioned by certain historians and travellers. It will also include a refutation of these negative accounts by presenting a thorough, extensive description of the state of learning in Medina, through studying the teaching lectures which were current in the Prophet's Mosque and the madrasas of that time, the kuttabs, the syllabuses, the teaching methods, the most notable 'ulama' and their key works, the role of the Sunni 'ulama' in the flourishing of learned activity and, lastly, the Shi'a influence upon it. The eighth chapter summarises and discusses the study's most
important findings and draws conclusions from them, before making suggestions for future research
An extended finite element method (XFEM) study on the elastic T-stress evaluations for a notch in a pipe steel exposed to internal pressure
No full textThe work investigates the importance of the K-T approach in the modelling of pressure cracked structures. T-stress is the constant in the second term of the Williams expression; it is often negligible, but recent literature has shown that there are cases where T-stress plays the role of opening the crack, also T-stress improves elastic modeling at the point of crack. In this research study, the most important effects of the T-stress are collected and analyzed. A numerical analysis was carried out by the extended finite element method (X-FEM) to analyze T-stress in an arc with external notch under internal pressure. The different stress method (SDM) is employed to calculate T-stress. Moreover, the influence of the geometry of the notch on the biaxiality is also examined. The biaxiality gave us a view on the initiation of the crack. The results are extended with a comparison to previous literature to validate the promising investigations
Istihsan (juristic preference) : the forgotten principle of Islamic law
No full textEThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
Yemeni relations with the central Islamic authorities : (9-233/630-847); a political history.
No full textA Critical Analysis of The Influence of Tafsir Al-Jamal In Tafsir Nur Al-Ihsan Based on Genetic Approach
No full text Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan is a book in the field of Quranic exegesis written by Syeikh Muhammad Sa’id bin Umar. The Muslim community has used this book as a reference to understand the meaning of the al-Quran. However, there is a tremendous amount of denunciation done towards the book by the community due to the lack of clear resources in translating verses of al-Quran, which has confused the community on the legality of the translation done in the book. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to study and detect the original resources of the writer in the Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan, and expressing how the sources are taken from the Quranic verses. The analysis of Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan used the genetic approach which Goldman publicized in studying the origin of the resources. While carrying out the research, the researcher referred to the text from Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan and Tafsir al-Jamal and compared both texts to detect the similarities and differences. The result of the analysis proved that Syeikh Muhammad Sa’id implemented five methods; the text was referenced from Tafsir al-Jamal while finishing his work which is quoting the text, writing an abstract, removal of some of the words, adding explanation, and refuting part of the text. The research showed that Syeikh Muhammad Sa’id refers to the Tafsir al-Jamal while creating his work to strengthen the translations written. Thus, he successfully strengthens translation when the contents of the text are parallel to the reference. However, in certain places existed a text from the Tafsir Nur al- Ihsan, which contradicts Tafsir al-Jamal's content, which failed to strengthen the translation in a particular part of the text
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