445 research outputs found
Rainfall Extremes: a Novel Modeling Approach for Regionalization
No full textThe rainfall events of extreme magnitude over the past few decades have caused destructive damages to lives and properties, especially in the subcontinent (e.g. Pakistan, India, Bangladesh etc). Rainfall hazard maps for these areas can be of great practical and theoretical interests. In our work, we used extreme value analysis and spatial interpolation techniques to provide such maps through a combination of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Precipitation (TRMM) 3B42 product and raingauge data. This mixed approach takes advantage of both the long time series available at a limited number of stations, and the large spatial coverage of the satellite data which, instead, has a poor temporal extent. The methodology is implemented by (1) creating a unique growth curve for the homogeneous region by utilizing in-situ rainfall data and (2) mapping the parameters of intensity-duration functions for the entire length of the study area by using TRMM 3B42 product. The regional results obtained by using mixed approach and TRMM 3B42 are compared with the estimates obtained by using in-situ data. The comparison showed that the overall output of mixed approach is more consistent with what transpired by in-situ data for a pre-defined return period
Cake lapis with stevia / Muhammad Shakil Mohamad, Mohammad Rafiqi Saad and Mohamad Haizal Abdul Ghaffar Cheong
Get PDFStevia's Cake Sdn. Bhd. was found in 2016. This cake is very different with the other cake because the ingredient in this cake we do not use a sugar when making it. The Stevia's cakes are the name of the Stevia's tree that produced to replace the sugar content in this cake. Now days, we can see many of the cake outside their use a lot of sugar when making it, and we already know that sugar a not good for our health. Other than that, the content of sugar can make the taste of the cake very particularly sweet compare using the Stevia's. This cake also made by our factory in some flavour such as Vanilla in the beginning but after that we variety some of flavour such as Oreo, Banana Pandan, Blueberry, Chocolate and Banana. "Stevia's Cake" will be located in Jalan Hang Tuah, 75300, Melaka as it the best place for customers to come as if the customers want to taste our Stevia's cake. We are sure the customer will feel satisfied after try our cake because the taste more delicious then cake used sugar. We define our customer is from 20 - 60 years due stress of working that they are having so usually they would want something light, delicious and more important healthy. Then, we compete directly with Secret Recipe, Italy Bakery, and Kings but our products is unique and much more superior that the others because our products is newly improvised and never been portrayed in this kind way. We also have a competitive advantage because of our products has its own target audience and fans in Malacca also the tourist in who come here. Last but not least, that we expect to next 5 year are we want our company known in Malaysia and become cake major producer that does not use sugar as the sweetener. Furthermore, we also want to expand our company by opening cake shop for every state and also add more factory make cake we in Sabah and also Sarawak
Job satisfaction as a mediator between structural empowerment and intent-to-leave: A study of critical care nurses
No full textBackground: Nurse turnover is an issue that impacts a hospital's financial resources and the quality of patient care. There is a need to discover what actions can be taken to improve nurse retention. Objective: Nurses’ job satisfaction has been shown to improve organizational outcomes, such as nurses’ retention. The objective of this study is to examines the relationship between intent to leave, job satisfaction and structural empowerment (SE), providing a theoretical basis for further research. Methods: A convenience sample of 83 critical care nurses, recruited from two Facebook groups and the AACN website. The nurses completed a survey that used three tools; Conditions of Work Effectiveness II (CWEQ II), Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS), and Turnover Intention (TIS-6) to address 4 hypotheses to determine the relationship of the three constructs. Results: Findings indicated that SE was not significantly related to intent-to-leave; SE was positively related to job satisfaction (β = 0.760, p < 0.01), and job satisfaction was negatively related to Intent-to-leave (β = −0.610, p < 0.01). Conclusion: The research provided a theoretical framework for further research on SE and its importance in improving job satisfaction and reducing turnover in critical nurse
Tyrosinase (TYR) gene sequencing and literature review reveals recurrent mutations and multiple population founder gene mutations as causative of oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) in Pakistani families
No full textPurposeTo investigate eight previously unreported Pakistani families with genetically undefined OCA for mutations in TYR.MethodsSanger sequencing of TYR has been performed in eight families with OCA phenotype. Mutation analysis was performed to establish the pathogenic role of novel mutation. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to predict the structural and functional impacts on protein due to the mutation.ResultsIn this study, we identified six likely pathogenic variants of TYR (c.272 G>A, c.308 G>A, c.346C>T, c.715 C>T, c.832 C>T and c.1255 G>A), including one novel variant (c.308 G>A; p.Cys103Tyr), segregating as appropriate in each family. Cys103 lies in the highly conserved region of the tyrosinase enzyme, and p.Cys103Tyr is predicted to disturb enzymatic function via alteration of the configurational orientation of TYR leading to a more rigid polypeptide structure. We have also reviewed the mutation spectrum of TYR in Pakistani ethnicity. Published data on OCA families proposed that ~40% have been associated with genetic variations in the TYR gene. The mutations reported in this study have now been described with varying frequencies in Pakistani families, including very rare/unique mutations.ConclusionA literature review of TYR gene mutations in Pakistani populations, combined with our genetic data, identified a number of gene mutations likely to represent regional ancestral founder mutations of relevance to Pakistani populations, in addition to sporadic and recurrent ‘hotspot’ mutations present repeatedly in other regions worldwide.</p
Mutations in TYR and OCA2 associated with oculocutaneous albinism in Pakistani families
No full textBackground: Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder of abnormal melanin synthesis, resulting in decreased or absent pigmentation of eyes, skin and hair. OCA has been classified based on genetic findings into seven subtypes (OCA 1–7). OCA1 is the most common subtype, accounting for 50% of cases worldwide (Hutton and Spritz, 2008; Rooryck et al., 2008), and is caused by mutations in the tyrosinase (TYR) gene. This study describes genetic investigations in 11 families from Pakistan with individuals with OCA. Methods: Whole genome SNP genotyping for autozygosity mapping was undertaken using the Illumina Human CytoSNP-12 array, and exome sequencing performed using the Illumina TruSight One sequencing panel. For individuals putatively linked to the TYR gene, dideoxy sequencing of TYR was performed using primers targeting all five coding exons and intron-exon splice sites to identify mutations in individuals diagnosed with OCA. Dideoxy sequencing was also performed to confirm the presence and cosegregation of TYR and OCA2 variants identified via exome sequencing. Results: We identified new and previously reported variations in TYR and OCA2 genes in 11 OCA families from Pakistan. One novel missense variant in TYR (NM_000372.4: c.240G>C; p.Trp80Cys), and three novel variants in OCA2 (missense variants NM_000275.2: c.2458T>C; p.Ser820Pro and c.1762C>T; p.Arg588Trp, as well as a frameshift variant c.408_409delTT; p.Arg137Ilefs*83), were observed in five OCA families. In addition, four previously identified variants in TYR (c.649C>T; p.Arg217Trp, c.1255G>A; p.Gly419Arg, c.832C>T; p.Arg278Ter, and c.132T>A p.Ser44Arg) and three previously identified variants in OCA2 (c.1045-15T>G, c.2020C>G; p.Leu674Val and c.1327G>A; p.Val443Ile) were identified in eight OCA families. All affected individuals displayed the cardinal features of OCA with white hair, pale skin, nystagmus and decreased vision. Conclusions: Our findings broaden the molecular spectrum associated with TYR and OCA2 mutations in Pakistani families, aiding the development and refinement of genetic diagnostic and counselling services in Pakistan.</p
The Role of Surfactants in Gas Hydrate Management
No full textThis chapter provides an introductory understanding of the role of surfactants in the formation of gas hydrates. The main theories that have been developed over the past decades are discussed with support from computational aspects that have become increasingly useful in this regard. Particularly for surfactants, the structure-property relations are key in the full understanding of their behavior in the context of hydrate formation kinetics and equilibria, which are presented with evidence from various studies. Furthermore, surfactants can benefit from co-promoters that may be utilized in hydrate formation, so we present some details to highlight the importance of their interactions. More recently, bio-based surfactants have gained interest out of environmental concerns, and we showcase some of the most interesting cases of their implementation. Although there have been many examples of how gas hydrates can be used for cold storage, hydrogen storage, and other industrial applications, the usage of surfactants or other additives has not been well supported with clear fundamental understandings. Thus, there have been endeavors to gain these insights via computational tools that span different scales, like quantum mechanics and molecular dynamic simulations. The use of these tools is explained with examples. Combining all these different aspects, we hope to provide some understanding of the role of surfactants in current and emerging hydrate management technologies
SDN 에서의 DDoS 탐지를 위한 메타휴리스틱 클러스터링 메카니즘
No full text학위논문(박사) - 한국과학기술원 : 글로벌IT기술대학원프로그램, 2020.2,[v, 68 p. :]The ever-evolving technology might have eradicated the drawbacks of software systems we encountered a decade ago, keeping them secure has become just as challenging. The expansion in artificially intelligent technologies have unlocked the unidentified programming networking terminals that are being flooded by attackers. With the innovation of Software defined networking, programmers acquired the power to manipulate the network by keeping the control plane and data plane isolated from each other. This, however, has become the best bait for DDoS attacks on the data plane owing to its single-point failure. A mechanism is needed that could deal with the dynamic traffic at the point of instigation, thereby preventing the networking attacks.
Many supervised and unsupervised algorithms have been suggested by researchers to protect Software Defined Networking’s drawback of single point failure. Due to the diversity of DDoS attacks, implementing the real solution has been the lost cause. For this, we need an algorithm as diversified as the problem it is targeting. Moreover, it could also potentially stop the need of using multiple algorithms on a single kind of software thereby increasing its optimality and reducing the time overhead that they might cause.
Our proposed Whale Optimization Algorithm Based Clustering for DDoS Detection (WOA-DD) targets the DDoS attack packets by clustering them via a meta-heuristic approach. Though, extensive research has been done in this field, our algorithm improves the measures such as robustness, scalability, accuracy and precision by many folds when compared with other machine learning approaches. The feasibility report of our algorithm has been positive and it was garnered safe to use once used with other prevailing algorithms. However, one might not have to use other algorithms as WOA-DD targets all kinds of DDoS attacks.한국과학기술원 :글로벌IT기술대학원프로그램
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