211 research outputs found
Folio
No full textSajjad Sulaiman, Javed A. Kiyyani-Editorial. pp. 4-6; Sajjad Sulaiman-Interview-Our Man in India. pp. 9-19; Memories-Recollections of a Formanite. pp. 20-22; Plair, Jaffery K.-Memories-Those were the Year. pp. 23-24;Ashraf M. Khan-Article-Motivation for Change. pp. 25-28; Javed A. Kiyani-Article-Cultural Identity of Pakistan. pp. 29-33; Tariq Habib-The Delicious Art of Insult. pp. 30-36; Sulaiman Batalvi-Article-Writing about Films. pp. 37-43; Hussein Masood-Story-A Pledge is Honoured. pp. 44-45; Sajjad Sulaiman-Article-The Growing Menace of Political Terrorism. pp. 46-51; Muhammad Farooq-Strange but True. pp. 52-53; Shafiq Ahmad-Article-Helping Hands. pp. 54-57; Muhammad Zaheer Dogar-Poetry-Reveries, Ecstasy. pp. 58-59; Peter, Simon-Poetry-A Formanite in the Positive Sense. pp. 60-61; Asim Nabi-Essay-Justice in Society. pp. 62-63; Sajjad Sulaiman-Article-Development and Underdevelopment. pp. 64-67; Asif Nawaz-Essay-The Ends of the Earth. pp. 68-69; Essay-The Man Changing His View. pp. 70-72; Haroon-ur-Rasheed-Poetry-O �Mother, see me off. pp. 73-74; Rao Mohammad Zaheer Khan-Poetry-The Swan Song. pp. 75; Mohsin Sohail-A Character Certificate. pp. 76; Adnan-Cartoon. pp. 78-80; Folio 1981 [Urdu-Punjabi]. 176 p.Editorial Board. page 7; Students Union 1980-81. page 8; F.C. College Sports Association 1981-82. page 77; Cartoons. pp. 78-80; Students Union 1981-82. before page 9 (Urdu); Editorial Board. after Urdu Editoria
Poverty Dynamics of Female-headed Households in Pakistan: Evidence from PIHS 2000-01 and PSLM 2004-05
Get PDFThe paper attempts to empirically test a naïve version of what is rather stylistically termed as “feminisation of poverty”, using the sub-sample of female -headed households (FHHs) from two household surveys in Pakistan. Although, the database is constrained by quality factors and small sample size, the following findings add to the richness of current research in this area: (a) The numerical incidence of poverty among households headed by females is less than that for all households in the country, at the national, urban and rural level for both the years. This can be traced to the finding that more than 70 percent of households headed by females receive remittances, (b) The incidence of poverty among FHHs during the period 2000-01 to 2004-05 did not decline as fast as it did for mixed households, nationwide. In urban areas, it did not decline at all, (c) Among the determinants of poverty of FHHs, illiteracy, dependency and rural residence exacerbate poverty, while remittances domestic and/ or foreign reduce poverty, (d) The dynamics of incidence of poverty among FHHs during the period indicated that Illiteracy as the factor exacerbating poverty became less important in 2004-05. Moreover, residence in rural areas was also a weaker factor in determining the incidence of poverty. By far the most notable contribution in reducing the incidence of poverty was self-employment in agriculture in 2004-05.
Intelligent Diagnosis of Gasoline Engine Faults using Acoustic Features
No full textAutomatic detection and diagnosis of various types of aircraft engine faults is essential for ensuring flight safety and reliability. Such fault detection methods can be performed on large volumes of datasets with high accuracy and require low computational time. In contrast, manual fault detection is not only prone to human errors but is also time-consuming. Here, we proposed a machine learning algorithm to detect and diagnose 27 types of engine faults. Firstly, we employed a low pass filter to eliminate the unwanted noise present within the acquired raw audio signals. Then, two cepstral features were extracted from the pre-processed signals. Next, we classified the faults, first by providing two cepstral features individually and then by feeding the fusion of these cepstral features as input to different classifiers. Cubic Support Vector Machines outperform all other classifiers for all three approaches with an accuracy of 95.40%, 93.20% and 97.40% respectively. Lastly, to confirm the reliability and robustness of our approach, we compared the performance of our system by using cross-validation to that of the hold-out validation technique. For both cases, our model demonstrated promising results with an accuracy of 97.4% and 97.3% respectively. We expect that our proposed approach will be beneficial not only for aircraft engine faults but also for different machinery faults in various industries.</p
A Study on Problems and Malpractices Emerge during Examination of Grade 5 and Grade 8 Students in Punjab
Get PDFoai:pje.aiou.edu.pk:article/1497Abstract Examinations are conducted under some certain rules and regulations set by exam governing bodies. According to Arijesuyo and Adeyoju (2012) credibility of examination depends upon fair and systematic conduct under proper conditions (Ray, et al, 2018). This research was designed to explore the problems and malpractices emerge during examination of grade 5 and grade 8 students in Punjab. Purposive sampling technique was used for the selection of experienced participants of the study (Creswell, 2013). Twenty-two ECC heads, who had been conducting examination were interviewed. A semi structured interview protocol was used as an instrument of the study. Thematic analysis was used for the analysis of data (Clarke and Braun, 2018). Results revealed that several problems hamper the performance of deputed staff and credibility of examination. These problems consist of malpractices, lack of resources and shortage and misprinting of papers. Moreover, improper training, less remuneration, combine and overcrowded exam centres etc. also created problems for ECC heads. It was also explored that activities of schools suffered due to engagement of teaching staff for exams
Aerial Vehicle Detection and Classification Through Fusion of Multi-Domain Features of Acoustic Signals
No full textDetection of aerial vehicles is a challenging task. Over time, the significance of developing such vehicles has increased rapidly. However, an utmost concern arises from the potential misuse of these small-sized vehicles in illicit activities such as unauthorized surveillance, smuggling contraband, or disrupting critical infrastructure significant security threats. Recognizing the gravity of this issue, we have opted to introduce an innovative approach to automate the detection processes for aerial vehicles. This initiative aims to deploy effective drone detection systems to mitigate risks and safeguard against illegal activities. We put use to two datasets from GitHub depot. Cepstral, spectral, and time domain features were extracted from the data, followed by classification. We conducted two experiments, with the first (Drone, No-Drone) yielding 98.6% accuracy, using the Ensemble (Bagged Trees) classifier. The second set of experimentation addressed five classes: Background Noises, Bebop Drone, Drone, Helicopter, and Mambo Drone. Ensemble (Bagged trees) again outperformed all other classifiers and achieved 98.3% accuracy. The results highlight that our proposed framework gives effective results based on audio signals of different aerial vehicles.</p
Workplace Fun as Determinant of Teachers’ Performance in Pakistani Universities
Get PDFSupporting environment provided to employees ensures high performance. This idea led researchers to examine workplace fun as a determinant of teacher’s performance in public and private sector universities functioning in Pakistan. Data collection trough questionnaires and appropriate statistical techniques helped in drawing viable conclusions. Workplace fun including congratulating one another and personal freedom helped in developing strong ties and performing well at universities. Moreover female teachers are more influenced with workplace fun as compared to male teachers. The results are beneficial for the university administrators and academicians equally
A Computationally Efficient Online Optimal Charging Algorithm to Minimise Solid Electrolyte Interface Layer Growth in Lithium-ion Battery.
Get PDFPhD Theses.Lithium-ion batteries have emerged as major energy storage devices over the last few
decades. For enhanced battery life, understanding the relevant degradation mechanisms
and their control has been a signi cant area of research interest. The dissertation
explores the state of health in lithium-ion batteries in terms of solid electrolyte
interface layer growth. The proposed optimal strategy gives a quantitative approach
to measure the interface layer. A novel non-linear model predictive control algorithm
is devised for online optimal charging by explicitly incorporating degradation
mechanisms into control to reduce the degradation process. Chemical and mechanical
degradation mechanisms have been considered separately for the growth of the
interface layer. The work addresses the challenge of minimising layer growth during
charging using the rst-order model in chemical degradation. However, the interface
layer is modelled based on the break and repair e ect in mechanical degradation. A
single particle model is used for optimal charging using orthogonal projection-based
model reformulation. Gauss pseudo-spectral method is used for the optimisation of
charging trajectories. Results of the optimal algorithm are compared with the traditional
constant current constant voltage approach without considering the interface
layer growth. The aim of using di erent degradation concepts is to nd similarities
in charging patterns in lithium-ion batteries. Moreover, it is ensured that overpotential
caused by lithium plating remains in a healthy regime considering chemical
degradation, i.e. it must be positive during charging. Simulation results have been
presented to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed charging method dealing
with two side reactions simultaneously. The dissertation extends the results of the
proposed non-linear model predictive control strategy considering chemical degradation
in two ways. First, the single particle model with temperature dynamics was
adopted to examine the thermal behaviour of lithium-ion batteries and temperature
control. Second, the di erential
atness method is applied to examine its computational
bene ts over pseudo-spectral methods. A brief discussion on implementing the
proposed algorithm in a battery management system of electric vehicles is presente
Does Inequality Matter for Poverty Reduction? Evidence from Pakistan’s Poverty Trends
Get PDFThe paper explores the linkages between poverty, growth and inequality in the context of Pakistan. Time series macro data are used for the period 1979 to 2002. Consistent poverty and inequality measures are interpolated to facilitate the estimation of poverty elasticity with respect to growth and inequality in a multivariate regression framework. The paper also attempts to find out macroeconomic and structural correlates of inequality. The empirical findings—high poverty elasticity with respect to inequality measures—confirm the importance of inequality in poverty reducing effort. Inflation, sectoral wage gap, and terms of trade in favour of manufacturing exacerbate inequality, while progressive taxation, investment and development expenditure on social services play a significant role in reducing inequality. The results also indicate a positive correlation between per capita GDP and income inequality.Pakistan, Poverty Trend, Income Distribution, Poverty Elasticity with respect to Growth and Inequality
The Fiqh and Shari’ah Dimensions of Seerah in the Contemporary Era
Get PDFIn the perspective of the modern period, this study aims to investigate the Fiqh and Shari’ah aspects of the Seerah (the life and teachings of the Prophet Muhammad). This study's main goal is to shed light on the Seerah's relevance and applicability in modern Muslim life, particularly in the context of Islamic law and jurisprudence. The goal of the study is to clarify the Seerah's crucial importance as a source of instruction and law for the contemporary issues that the Muslim community worldwide is dealing with. The goals of this study includes a thorough examination of the Seerah in light of current moral and legal concerns. It aims to evaluate how the Seerah's guiding principles and practices can influence contemporary Fiqh decisions and Shari’ah compliance. This study uses a multifaceted methodology that includes an analysis of traditional Islamic scriptures, Fiqh judgments, and modern Islamic jurisprudence literature. Along with secondary materials like scholarly publications and legal opinions, primary sources like the Quran and Hadith are considered. The study's conclusions highlight how the Seerah continues to be relevant in addressing current ethical, legal, and societal issues. It emphasizes how Shari’ah law, which is based on the Seerah, is flexible and adaptable enough to offer direction and solutions to modern problems. Muslims can navigate the complexity of the modern world while maintaining their religion and principles by consulting the Seerah, which has emerged as an important and dynamic source. The Seerah's influence on Islamic jurisprudence and adherence to Shari’ah in the modern day is a topic that this study encourages more discussion and investigation.
Keywords: Shari’ah, Fiqh Seerah, Quran, Hadith, Contemporary Er
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