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In vitro bioactivities of Tabernaemontana divaricata andTabernaemontana divaricata ‘Flore Pleno’ variant / Muhammad Nazzim Muaz Abdul Halim
No full textTwo Tabernaemontana species, Tabernaemontana divaricata (TD) and Tabernaemontana divaricata ‘Flore Pleno’ variant (TDF) were chosen to be studied for their bioactivities in relation to wound healing properties. Methanol (M) and aqueous (A) extracts of these Tabernaemontana species were used in this study for wound healing potential assessment on adult normal human dermal fibroblasts (HDFa) cells, total phenolic contents (TPC), antioxidant potential, protective effects against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and anti-inflammatory properties by means of nitric oxide (NO) production from RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells. TD-A extract reported the highest wound closure (58.50%) followed by TDF-A extract (53.54%) with the highest total phenolic content (31.96 mg GAE/g). The free radical scavenging activities carried out by ABTS and DPPH assay showed that TDF-A extract was able to exhibit the highest antioxidant values at IC50 = 1.11 μg/ml and IC50 = 2.44 μg/ml respectively compared to the other extracts. Reducing activity on TDF-A extract assessed by FRAP assay also reported high value of [18.07 mM Fe (II)/g] with other extracts. Pre-treatment and post-treatment assessment showed at 25 μg/ml of TDF-M extract concentration were able to provide protectivity towards HDFa cells against H2O2 with cell viability at 93.92% and 89.69% respectively. At 500 μg/ml of TD-A and TDF-A extract concentration, the extracts were able to inhibit NO production by RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells at 5.22 μM and 5.11 μM respectively. Based on these findings, it is shown the two Tabernaemontana species studied exhibit multiple bioactivities that may contribute to the wound healing process in general. Keywords
Callus induction from different parts of in vitro phaleria macrocarpa / Muhammad Nazzim Muaz Abdul Halim
Get PDFPhaleria macrocarpa is a herbal plant which belongs to the Thymelaeaceae family. It has numerous medicinal properties that can treat diabetes, high blood pressure and even cancer. The main objectives of this study are to initiate callus induction from different parts of in vitro Phaleria macrocarpa and to observe the effects of different treatments in callus induction of the different parts of in vitro in Phaleria macrocarpa. The different parts of the plant used in this study were the leaves, nodes and roots. The seeds were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MSO) media and transferred into new fresh media every four weeks for three months. After 12 weeks, the leaves, nodes and roots were subcultured onto media containing hormones. Treatment 1 (MSO) did not induce any callus growth. However, after three weeks, callus induction was observed on the leaves and nodes but not in the root of the explants in treatment 2 (MSO+0.5 ml 2,4-D), treatment 3 (MSO+1.0 ml 2,4-D) and treatment 4 (MSO+1.5 ml 2,4-D). Treatment 5 (MSO+0.5 ml 2,4-D+0.2 ml BAP) showed the best callus induction in all of the parts of Phaleria macrocarpa explants. Treatment 6 (MSO+1.0 ml 2,4-D+0.2 ml BAP) and treatment 7 (MSO+1.5 ml 2,4-D+0.2 ml BAP) showed callus induction in the nodes and roots but not in leaves. In conclusion, the best treatment given to induce callus from different parts of in vitro Phaleria macrocarpa was treatment 5 (MSO+0.5 ml 2,4-D+0.2 ml BAP)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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