53 research outputs found
Prophet Muhammad (Peace Be Upon Him) From Birth To Prophet Hood
No full textThis study proposes to analyze and exploration of the basic structure of the agreed upon events of the Al-Sīrahof Prophet Muhammad (Peace be Upon Him). In addition to that this study intends to overcome the logic of defense -As much as possible- to make the abstract facts themselves constitute, in the mind of the reader, the true presentation of Al-Sīrah, and refute all what is commented in the past and present such as diluted and fabricated narrations, which did not have to withstand in front of the historical incident itself, because the historical events are considered as judgments and best judges itself sometimes. Thus there is a need to refer to the basic sources in the subject (especially Al-Sīrah of IbnHisham, ṬabaqātIbnSaʿd, Tārīkh Al-Ṭbrī, Maghāzī, Al-Wāqidī , Ansāb Al-Blādhrī and al-Ṣaḥīḥ Al-Bukhārī...), and to deal directly with them, to avoid the overflow of the late sources and the improvisation of modern references. These are two necessary issues to build a picture close to historical reality as much as possible. Based on this methodology our focus in this paper will be on the period from the birth of Prophet Muhammad (Peace be Upon Him) till His prophesy
ANALISIS PERSPEKTIF SYEKH MUHAMMAD ARSYAD AL-BANJARI DALAM KITABUN NIKAH TENTANG LAKI-LAKI YANG JAHIL SEKUFU DENGAN PEREMPUAN YANG ALIM.
No full textKecocokan (kafa\u27ah) memegang peranan penting dalam menunjang kehidupan perkawinan yang sesuai dengan tujuan agama Islam. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis bertujuan untuk mengungkap kafa\u27ah dari sudut pandang Syekh Muhammad Arsyad al-Banjari dalam bukunya “an-Nikahâ€. Kategorisasi kafa\u27ah oleh Syekh Arsyad berbeda dengan empat mazhab besar. Kajian ini didasarkan pada analisis tekstual dan fokus mengkaji kitab “Kitab an-Nikah†karya Syekh Muhammad Arsyad al-Banjari. Merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang dilakukan dalam bentuk tinjauan pustaka, yang melibatkan penelaahan berbagai sumber literatur seperti kitab-kitab, nash-nash fikih, dan sumber-sumber lain yang relevan yang berkaitan dengan topik yang diteliti. Dalam pandangan Syekh Arsyad, ada pembedaan dengan mazhab Syafi\u27i yang dianutnya. Perspektif ini didasarkan pada pemahaman urf (tradisi) yang berlaku saat itu. Dalam konteks ini, Syekh Arsyad berpendapat bahwa laki-laki yang kurang ilmu agama dapat dianggap sejajar dengan perempuan yang berilmu agama baik jika ia unggul dalam mencari nafkah atau rezeki. Kemahiran yang dimaksud oleh Syekh Muhammad Arsyad al-Banjari adalah kesanggupan mencari nafkah atau rezeki. Kata Kunci : Kafa\u27ah, Syekh Muhammad Arsyad Al-Banjari, Kitab an-Nikah
‘Go green’ smart robot: article
No full textThe main objective of this project is to design and develop a robot to pick up a dustbin that is filled with rubbish, and will go to the main dustbin to transfer all rubbish. After that, the robot is place back the dustbin at the original position and the robot will be back to the original position. The movements are using line follower system that involved many part of sensor while the movement of robot is drive by two DC motors. The development of the robot involved several mechanical systems . One of the mechanical systems is based on forklift system that is used to pick up dustbin. The forklift system is one of the main mechanical systems in the robot. The system is selected as it is easy to implement, easy to control or programming and less of component in order to build the system. The forklift system in this robot is drive by 12V DC motor. There are three targets to achieve in order to build this robot. Firstly the component and system will be simple as can but still able to fulfill the task. Secondly is to get the best design hardware and lastly the robot will operate and do the task with smoothly and less of error. A 300 MHz Radio frequency Module is used as wireless link which is able to transfer signal between transmitter circuit and receiver circuit. The transmitter circuit is place at the dustbin system while the receiver circuit is place at the robot system. PIC16F877A is a microcontroller to control the entire component in the robot system. The robot is start to operate once the signal is send by the dustbin to the robot via transmitter
TUDEH FACTIONALISM AND THE 1953 COUP IN IRAN
No full textThe 19 August 1953 toppling of Muhammad Musaddiq's government in Iran was an
important historical event from various perspectives, many of which are being discussed by
Middle East observers to this date. First, it was the first covert post-World War II operation by
the U.S. government, in cooperation with Britain, to topple the constitutional government of a
sovereign nation. Operation AJAX, as the coup d'état came to be called by the
CIA, was implemented at the height of the Cold War, and as such was accompanied by many
familiar justifications. The most important of these were the improbability of any resolution to the
oil-nationalization crisis between Iran and Britain as long as Musaddiq remained in power and the
communist threat posed by the Tudeh Party of Iran and its Soviet sponsor.1 The
long-term consequence of this intervention can partially explain the 1979 revolution in Iran and
the ongoing crisis in Iran–U.S. relations.</jats:p
States, firms, and oil : British policy, 1939-54
No full textNew
evidence
from the records of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (now British
Petroleum) and Shell for the period,
1939-45 supplements accounts of British
oil relations
based on state archives. This historical account demonstrates the continuity between the
interwar industry cartel and the Allied
wartime collaboration orchestrated through industry
committees. The
companies made use of their quasi-official position to manage crisis of
prewar arrangements aggravated by the war which presaged the rapid expansion of
postwar Middle East production. The companies then shaped the Anglo-American Oil
Agreements of
1944
and 1945, establishing a
basis for
remaking their position
in the
Middle East, expanding the web of
interfirm
relations. The nationalisation of
Anglo-
Iranian in 1951 threatened the web and the companies were able to embargo nationalised
Iranian oil and thus bankrupt the state. This society of oil majors was constituted by
shared
understandings and interests cultivated by the companies.
Structures of private governance may be quite significant factors for
states allied to them.
The United Kingdom
was more closely tied into the system of private governance that
prevailed in international oil
in the middle
decades of the century than was the United
States and consequently was able to call on more resources to resist
United States
initiatives during this period. British influence persisted in the oil
issue-area, in
spite of
greater
United States resources overall, because of this close working relationship
between state and companies. Close examination of the relationship reveals the extent of
penetration by the companies into both the decision-malting and implementation of
foreign
relations. The `national' interest was thus articulated through an interplay of
Governmental
and corporate agendas, and this supports a general argument that `national' power
is not
exercised solely
by the state, but by the state in
cooperation with other powerful social
institutions. Non-state actors and their archives may enrich the study of foreign relations
جوانب الرحمة في حقوق غير المسلمين في المجتمع الإسلامي: الدستور الأول للإسلام نموذجًا = Aspek Kasih Sayang Dalam Hak Orang Bukan Islam dalam Masyarakat Islam : Perlembangaan Pertama Model Islam (Kajian, Deskriptif, Analisis)
No full textSince the creation of the universe and its inhabitants, Allah the almighty has not left them clueless in their affairs, rather He has sent his messengers to guide them and to remind them about the purpose of their creation. Of all the messengers Allah the almighty sent, Prophet Muhammad (May the peace and blessings be upon Him) was the last one. The message brought by Him (PBUH) was not something new to what had been revealed before instead it was reformation of misconstruction and alteration created by the followers of the previous messengers. The state of that message was called al-IslÉm (Total Submission). And Allah the almighty made al-Islam a complete and comprehensive way of life for the guidance of all mankind, not a single aspect of life has been left without providing the vibrant directions. This is the fact which makes Islam bondsman for the all necessities of mankind; worldly, hereafter, material and spiritual. In this regard Islam does not make any distinction between the religion and world, form and soul. In fact living life according to the Shariah is Islam. This concept highlights the characteristics of compassion and mercy for all the humanity. This paper will deliberate on one class of the human society, those who prefer to live under the IslÉmic Shariah. This study willl discuss the rights that Islam has bestowed them with and the application of these rights
Affect and Helping Behavior as Explanatory Account of the Relationship between Psychological Safety and Supervisor Satisfaction
No full textPsychological safety is referred as a 'nonthreatening' and 'predictable' work environment leading employees, particularly interested to contribute positively to the organization, to engage and express their true selves at work without suffering negative results. We posit that the employee who is feeling psychologically safe experiences positive emotions, feels happy and shows helping behavior towards his coworkers and supervisors. Particularly, the supervisor reciprocates this helping behavior in form of greater satisfaction to the employee showing helping behavior. We tested our hypothesis in light of Feedback system theory and functional motive theory. We collected data from 453 employees and their supervisor in Pakistani hotels and restaurants through survey method. Result showed that positive affect and helping behavior mediate the relationship between psychological safety and supervisor satisfaction. Cross sectional design of the study is a major limitation of the study. Moreover, we focused on psychological safety only that is one of three dimensions of psychological conditions
Religion and nationalism in Iran, 1951-1953 : Dr. Muḥammad Muṣaddiq and Āyatullāh Abul-Qāsim Kāshānī
No full textIn the history of modern Iran, religion and nationalism often converge to bring about social and political change. The people of the bazaar and the religious leaders, who consistently supported each other on many important occasions, joined forces with the intelligensia to bring about change. This alliance was dissolved after the accomplishment of the original goal. This configuration came into existence during the Constitutional Revolution of 1906 and at the time of the movement to nationalize the oil industry. During 1951-1953, under the umbrella of the National Front, the intelligensia, led by Dr. Muhammad Musaddiq, along with the merchants and religious leaders under Ayatullah Kashani, formed an alliance to implement nationalist economic policies. In this instance, too, the alliance did not last long, especially as it threatened the interests of the major powers
- …
