30 research outputs found
Peran Reseptor IL-21 (IL-21R) sebagai Target Terapi Pada Penyakit Arteri Perifer
No full textBackground: Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is caused due to the disruption of blood supply to the periphery caused by blockages in the arteries. PAD is a disease that is difficult to detect and the current therapy is still limited to pharmacological therapy to reduce the risk of PAP incidence and surgical therapy if complications of PAD arise. The interleukin-21 receptor (IL-21R) is a family of interleukins that has been widely studied for its role in many diseases.
Objectives: The aim of this review is to discuss the effect of IL-21R on the pathogenesis of PAP.
Methods: A literature search was performed with PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect using the keywords “peripheral artery diseaseâ€, “interleukin-21 receptorâ€, “inflammationâ€, “angiogenesisâ€, and “therapyâ€.
Discussion: PAD can arise due to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques that block arteries so that blood supply is impaired. In the case of PAD, activation of IL-21R has the ability to stimulate angiogenesis thereby modulating the perfusion of hypoxic tissues in cases of PAD. Further research is needed regarding IL-21R activity in the future to study the potential of IL-21R for the more effective treatment of PAD cases in the future.
Conclusion: IL-21R can activate angiogenesis and avoid further tissue damage in PAP.
Keywords: interleukin-21 receptors, peripheral artery disease, therapy
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Latar Belakang: Penyakit Arteri Perifer (PAP) disebabkan karena gangguan suplai darah ke bagian perifer yang disebabkan karena sumbatan pada pembuluh darah arteri. PAP merupakan penyakit yang sulit terdeteksi dan terapi yang ada saat ini masih terbatas pada terapi farmakologis untuk menurunkan risiko kejadian PAP dan terapi pembedahan apabila timbul komplikasi PAP. Reseptor interleukin-21 (IL-21R) merupakan salah satu famili interleukin yang telah banyak dipelajari terkait perannya pada banyak penyakit.
Tujuan: Tujuan dari tinjauan ini adalah untuk membahas pengaruh IL-21R terhadap perjalanan penyakit PAP.
Metode: Pencarian literatur dilakukan dengan PubMed, Google Scholar, dan ScienceDirect menggunakan kata kunci “peripheral artery diseaseâ€, “reseptor interleukin-21â€, “inflamasiâ€, â€angiogenesisâ€, dan “terapiâ€.
Pembahasan: PAP dapat timbul karena pembentukan plak aterosklerosis yang menyumbat pembuluh darah arteri sehingga suplai darah terganggu. Pada kasus PAP, aktivasi IL-21R memiliki kemampuan untuk menstimulasi angiogenesis sehingga memodulasi perfusi jaringan yang mengalami hipoksia pada kasus PAP. Masih diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai aktivitas IL-21R di masa depan untuk mempelajari potensi IL-21R untuk pengobatan kasus PAP yang lebih efektif di masa depan.
Kesimpulan: IL-21R dapat mengaktivasi angiogenesis dan menghindari kerusakan jaringan lebih lanjut pada PAP.
Kata Kunci: penyakit arteri perifer, reseptor interleukin-21, terap
Iminosugar 1-Deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) sebagai Antiviral Infeksi Virus Dengue
No full textAbstract— Dengue fever (DF), dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) caused by the DENV virus are among the global problems regarding mosquito-borne viral infections. The DENV virus is transmitted through Aedes aegypti causing clinical manifestations that can cause critical illness for patients. The need for effective antiviral therapy is needed to treat DENV virus infections. 1-Deoxynojirimycin (DNJ), one of the many imino sugars found in mulberry leaves and several strains of bacteria, has potential as an antiviral against DENV virus infection. The antiviral activity of DNJ works as an inhibitor of the α-glucosidase enzyme which is important in virus secretion so that it affects the infection rate. DNJ also has the effect of boosting the immune system to initiate an immune response to a viral infection. Further research is needed to develop DNJ as an effective antiviral DENV in the future.Keywords: antiviral, dengue, iminosugar, therapy
Abstrak— Dengue fever (DF), dengue hemorraghic fever (DHF), dan dengue shock syndrome (DSS) yang disebabkan oleh virus DENV merupakan salah satu permasalahan global mengenai infeksi virus. Virus DENV ditularkan melalui Aedes aegypti menyebabkan manifestasi klinis yang dapat menimbulkan kesakiatn kritis bagi pasien. kebutuhan terapi antiviral yang efektif diperlukan untuk mengobati infeksi virus DENV. 1-Deoxynojirimycin (DNJ), salah satu iminosugar yang banyak terdapat pada daun mulberry dan beberapa strain bakteri, memiliki potensi sebagai antiviral terhadap infeksi virus DENV. Aktivitas antiviral DNJ bekerja sebagai penghambat enzim α-glukosidase yang penting dalam sekresi virus sehingga mempengaruhi tingkat infeksi. DNJ juga memiliki efek meningkatkan sistem imun untuk menginisiasi respon imun terhadap infeksi virus. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk mengembangkan DNJ sebagai antiviral DENV yang efektif di masa depan.Kata kunci: antiviral, dengue, iminosugar, therap
Threats of COVID-19 Reinfection: A Review of the Evidence from the Literature
No full textCase of COVID-19 reinfection are related to immune factors in patients who have recovered by the natural course of the infecting pathogen. However, the chance of COVID-19 reinfection are still not well established. This review aimed to discuss about reinfection-related studies, including causes and clinical manifestations, and reinfection management. Reinfection happens when a patient is infected by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which has a different genome from previous infection. Although the comparison of clinical manifestation between reinfection and the previous infection is not clear, it is believed that vulnerable populations may have worse outcomes. Vaccination is the main option to reduce the severity of reinfection. Further studies are needed to understand the mechanisms and management of COVID-19 reinfection. Thus, the development of COVID-19 treatment and vaccine can be more effective
EFEK KONSUMSI KEFIR TERHADAP DISLIPIDEMIA TERKAIT SINDROM METABOLIK: SEBUAH TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
No full textLatar belakang: Peningkatan insidensi sindrom metabolik sering disertai dengan dislipidemia. Kefir merupakan minuman fermentasi yang telah banyak diteliti manfaat kesehatannya.Tujuan: Tujuan dari tinjauan ini adalah untuk membahas pengrauh minuman kefir terhadap dislipidemiaMetode: Pencarian literatur dilakuakn dengan menggunakan kata kunci “kefir”, “dislipidemia”, dan “sindrom metabolik” dengan mesin pencari PubMed dan Google Scholar.Hasil: Dislipidemia dapat dipengaruhi dari obesitas dan resistensi insulin. Kefir memiliki efek anti-obesitas dan antiinflamasi dengan memodulasi perbaikan metabolisme lipid.Kesimpulan: Konsumsi kefir memiliki efek antidislipidemia pada sindrom metaboli
Capsaicin 8% Patch Untuk Terapi Alternatif Pada Nyeri Neuropati Diabetikum Perifer
No full textAbstract
Diabetes is one of the most common health problems due to its high incidence and complications. One of the complications associated with diabetes is painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN). The capsaicin 8% patch is a localized pain treatment that provides effective pain relief from a single application in patients with peripheral neuropathic pain. The aim of this review is to discuss the effect of capsaicin patch 8% in patients with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy. The search strategy was conducted in PubMed and modified for other databases. The search was limited to English-language reports. The keywords used were "capsaicinâ€, "capsaicin patch", "painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy", and "pain management". The inclusion criteria used were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), clinical trials or another interventional analysis with full text in English with publications less than the last 10 years. The exclusion criteria used were a review, systematic review, or meta-analysis, studies that were not conducted in humans and non-full text in English with publications over the last 10 years. Results: There are 2 full-text that meet inclusion criteria. From articles related to studies that have been conducted, the use of capsaicin 8% patch can reduce pain, improve nerve function and quality of life in PDPN patients. The use of capsaicin 8% patch has the advantage to pain relief for patients with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
Keywords: Alternative therapy, Capsaicin 8% Patch, Diabetes complications, Pain Relief, Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy, topical drugsAbstrak
[Capsaicin 8% Patch untuk Terapi Alternatif Neuropati Perifer Diabetik yang Menyakitkan]
Diabetes merupakan salah satu permasalahan kesehatan karena insidensi yang tinggi dan komplikasinya. Salah satu komplikasi terkait diabetes adalah nyeri neuropati diabetikum perifer/painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN). Capsaicin 8% patch merupakan pengobatan nyeri yang terlokalisir yang menyediakan pereda nyeri pada pasien dengan nyeri neuropati perifer. Tujuan dari tinjauan ini adalah untuk membahas efek capsaicin patch 8% pada pasien dengan nyeri neuropati perifer diabetikum. Pencarian literatur dilakukan dengan menggunakan mesin pencari PubMed dan sumber data terkait lainnya. Pencarian terbatas pada studi berbahasa Inggris. Kata kunci yang digunakan antara lain "capsaicinâ€, "capsaicin patch", "painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy", dan "pain management". Kriteria inklusi yang digunakan antara lain studi berupa randomized controlled trials (RCTs), clinical trials atau studi intervensi lainnya dengan full text berbahasa Inggris dengan publikasi kurang dari 10 tahun. Kriteria eksklusi yang digunakan adalah studi berupa tinjauan, tinjauan sistematis, atau meta-analisis, studi tidak dilakukan pada manusia, bukan full text berbahasa Inggris dengan riwayat publikasi lebih dari 10 tahun. Terdapat dua studi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Dari artikel studi yang telah dilakukan, penggunaan capsaicin 8% patch dapat menurunkan nyeri, memperbaiki fungsi saraf dan kualitas hidup pasien dengan nyeri neuropati perifer diabetikum. Penggunaan capsaicin 8% patch memiliki keuntungan pereda nyeri untuk pasien nyeri neuropati perifer diabetikum.
Kata kunci: capsaicin 8% patch, komplikasi diabetes, nyeri neuropati perifer diabetikum, obat topikal, pereda nyeri, terapi alternati
Potensi Kombinasi Bakteri Probiotik Lactobacillus reuteri dengan Sari Buah Kurma (Phoenix dactylifera) sebagai Terapi Penyakit Kanker Kolorektal
No full textABSTRAK
Kanker kolorektal merupakan salah satu penyakit keganasan yang paling umum di dunia saat ini. Kanker kolorektal merupakan kasus keganasan paling umum ketiga setelah kanker paru-paru dan payudara serta penyebab kematian paling banyak keempat di dunia. Mwskipun penyebab kanker kolorektal belum diktehaui, namun beberapa faktor risiko seperti faktor familial dapat meningkat risiko terkena kanker kolorektal. Penatalaksaan kanker kolorektal sampai saat ini berupa kemoterapi, radioterapi dan terapi bedah. Pemilihan dari terapi tersebut berdasarkan penilaian kolonoskopi, pemeriksaan radiologi barium dengan teknik kontras ganda, CT colonography dan evaluasi histologi. Studi literatur yang dilakukan menunjukkan adanya ekspresi berlebihan dari reseptor histamin dan adanya defisiensi histamin yang memengaruhi terjadinya kanker kolorektal. Bakteri probiotik Lactobacillus reuteri memiliki efek anti kanker dengan memproduksi histamin yang tidak dapat diproduksi sel kanker, sehingga berperan sebagai antiinflamasi. Buah kurma (Phoenix dactylifera) untuk mendukung aktifitas bakteri probiotik dan memiliki efek anti kanker dalam kandungan buah kurma. Penggunaan bakteri probiotik Lactobacillus reuteri dengan sari buah kurma memiliki efek anti kanker kolorektal sehingga berpotensi sebagai terapi dalam pengobatan kanker kolorektal.
Kata Kunci: Buah Kurma, Kanker Kolorektal, Lactobacillus reuteri, Probiotik, Terapi
ABSTRACT
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the world today. Colorectal cancer is the most common malignancy case after lung cancer and cancer as well as the biggest cause of death in the world. Although the cause of colorectal cancer has not been recognized, some risk factors such as family factors can increase the risk of colorectal cancer. Management of colorectal cancer to date is chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgical therapy. Selection of colonoscopy, barium radiological examination with multiple contrast techniques, CT colonography and histological evaluation. The literature study conducted shows that there are excessive differences in histamine receptors and the presence of histamine deficiencies that affect the increase in colorectal cancer. The probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus reuteri has an anti-cancer effect by producing histamine which cannot be produced by cancer cells, so it works as an anti-inflammatory. Dates (Phoenix dactylifera) to support the activity of probiotic bacteria and have an anti-cancer effect in the content of dates. The use of probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus reuteri with date palm juice has an anti-colorectal cancer effect that is needed as a therapy in the treatment of colorectal cancer.
Keywords: Date Fruit, Colorectal Cancer, Lactobacillus reuteri, Probiotics, Therap
The effect of probiotic supplementation as alternative therapy for NAFLD: a literature review
No full textBackground: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common liver diseases, influenced by various risk factors associated with metabolic disorders. Currently there is no specific effective treatment for NAFLD. Probiotics have been extensively researched for their health benefit Probiotic Supplementation for NAFLD. Methods: A simple literature review was performed based on searches via PubMed, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar, using the keywords "probiotic," "microbiota," "non-alcoholic fatty liver disease," "metabolic disorder," and "therapy." Results: Research on the use of probiotics for NAFLD demonstrated improvement in liver function and histology. However, the literature is inconsistent regarding the probiotics’ influence on the NAFLD risk factors. Probiotics can be an alternative therapy for NAFLD through the ability to modulate the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract. Conclusion: Probiotics can be an alternative therapy in NAFLD patients, however more extensive studies are needed to ensure the safety of this approach
IL-17/TNF-? BISPECIFIC ANTIBODIES AS NEW THERAPEUTIC APPROACH TO RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
No full textRheumatoid arthritis is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation causing swelling in the joints. IL17/TNF-? bispecific antibodies are antibodies that can bind to two different types of epitopes and work on two different types ofreceptors. IL-17/TNF-? bispecific antibodies have anti-inflammatory effects that act by blocking the inflammatory pathways ofrheumatoid arthritis. Thus, bispecific antibodies have the potential to be the latest effective therapy against rheumatoid arthritis.Keywords: Bispecific antibodies, rheumatoid arthritis, therapeutic
Potensi Kombinasi Bakteri Probiotik Lactobacillus reuteri dengan Sari Buah Kurma (Phoenix dactylifera) sebagai Terapi Penyakit Kanker Kolorektal
No full textABSTRAK
Kanker kolorektal merupakan salah satu penyakit keganasan yang paling umum di dunia saat ini. Kanker kolorektal merupakan kasus keganasan paling umum ketiga setelah kanker paru-paru dan payudara serta penyebab kematian paling banyak keempat di dunia. Mwskipun penyebab kanker kolorektal belum diktehaui, namun beberapa faktor risiko seperti faktor familial dapat meningkat risiko terkena kanker kolorektal. Penatalaksaan kanker kolorektal sampai saat ini berupa kemoterapi, radioterapi dan terapi bedah. Pemilihan dari terapi tersebut berdasarkan penilaian kolonoskopi, pemeriksaan radiologi barium dengan teknik kontras ganda, CT colonography dan evaluasi histologi. Studi literatur yang dilakukan menunjukkan adanya ekspresi berlebihan dari reseptor histamin dan adanya defisiensi histamin yang memengaruhi terjadinya kanker kolorektal. Bakteri probiotik Lactobacillus reuteri memiliki efek anti kanker dengan memproduksi histamin yang tidak dapat diproduksi sel kanker, sehingga berperan sebagai antiinflamasi. Buah kurma (Phoenix dactylifera) untuk mendukung aktifitas bakteri probiotik dan memiliki efek anti kanker dalam kandungan buah kurma. Penggunaan bakteri probiotik Lactobacillus reuteri dengan sari buah kurma memiliki efek anti kanker kolorektal sehingga berpotensi sebagai terapi dalam pengobatan kanker kolorektal.
Kata Kunci: Buah Kurma, Kanker Kolorektal, Lactobacillus reuteri, Probiotik, Terapi
ABSTRACT
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the world today. Colorectal cancer is the most common malignancy case after lung cancer and cancer as well as the biggest cause of death in the world. Although the cause of colorectal cancer has not been recognized, some risk factors such as family factors can increase the risk of colorectal cancer. Management of colorectal cancer to date is chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgical therapy. Selection of colonoscopy, barium radiological examination with multiple contrast techniques, CT colonography and histological evaluation. The literature study conducted shows that there are excessive differences in histamine receptors and the presence of histamine deficiencies that affect the increase in colorectal cancer. The probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus reuteri has an anti-cancer effect by producing histamine which cannot be produced by cancer cells, so it works as an anti-inflammatory. Dates (Phoenix dactylifera) to support the activity of probiotic bacteria and have an anti-cancer effect in the content of dates. The use of probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus reuteri with date palm juice has an anti-colorectal cancer effect that is needed as a therapy in the treatment of colorectal cancer.
Keywords: Date Fruit, Colorectal Cancer, Lactobacillus reuteri, Probiotics, Therap
The Association between Religiosity and Hba1c Level in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review
No full textGlycemic control poses a challenge in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Religiosity can influence a patient’s coping strategies with the disease. However, the relationship between patient religiosity and glycemic control has not been thoroughly explored. In this systematic review, we assessed the relationship between religiosity and glycemic control in patients with T2DM. Using PubMed and Google Scholar, we included articles published in English from 2011 onwards that quantitatively examined religiosity and its relationship with glycemic control based on the glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. Four studies from four different countries were included, employing varying measurement tools to assess religiosity. The HbA1c level was significantly related to the Diabetes Fatalism Index (p<0.05) and with general gratitude and gratitude to God, as assessed using the Multidimensional Measurement of Religiousness. Religiosity may alleviate stress-related diseases and enhance diabetes care. One study showed a relationship between the HbA1c levels and the Beliefs and Values score amongst Muslims only. Two studies reported a significant correlation between religiosity and HbA1c levels. Reducing fatalistic beliefs and improving gratitude to God could be a viable strategy for helping patients manage T2DM. Further studies are needed to promote such an approach in T2DM management
