49 research outputs found
Interception loss simple model / Azinoor Azida Abu Bakar and Muhammad Khairudin Khalil
No full textCanopy interception is the phenomena where the water does not reach the ground. In this study, a model was developed to calculate the amount of interception loss from forest canopy. Two sources of interception were considered in order to develop the model. The physical interception was determined by the function of annual interception obtained from interception with high resolution. The calculated interception with the temporal resolution effect was determined by the slope function. Validation of the model was made to several locations of forests across the world. The results show that interception loss can be estimated by taking account the effects of depth of storage capacity into the model. The model can be applied to several locations in Malaysia and across the world. The finding of this study also may used to improve the understanding of forest interception model concepts
Conflict of law and the methodology of Tarjīẖ : a study in Islamic legal theory
No full textIslamic law never achieved unity but expressed itself in, at least, four surviving schools. More interestingly, contemporary Muslim communities are still divided among themselves on a number of issues related to their laws. This work describes how problem of legal conflicts have been tackled by Muslim jurists. It is an attempt to examine closely the phenomenon of conflict in Islamic law from the standpoint of usūl-al-fiqh or Islamic legal theory. In fact, much is heard nowadays of the contradiction in the body of Islamic law. Whilst in contrast, little is presented in terms of the methodology of removing this conflict. The present work therefore, attempts to redress this balance. The emphasis of the work will be concerned primarily with tarjīh methodology ; how to give preference to one piece of evidence or argument over the other when they conflict. Nevertheless, considerable concern is given to investigating the background to the conflict of law in the Shari'ah.
This study of a neglected area in Islamic legal scholarship will be an important source of reference to students, both practising and theoretical jurists or to anyone who merely wishes to increase his knowledge of legal themes, particularly legal conflict. The very aim of the work is to argue that conflict is a natural and unavoidable consequence of legal study because legal conflict is only conflicting principles and arguments adduced by both the classical and modern jurists to reach what is actually intended by God in the target case. Therefore, conflicts are inevitable in most of the cases in fiqh owing to the variety of principles set out to deal with one piece of legal evidence, let alone with all the pieces of legal evidence in question.
Tarjīh is therefore, an important and workable instrument in the re-examination of these conflicts and in arriving at the most accurate principle for establishing the law for as long as this is possible. It is hoped that the discovery of new facts and the increase of knowledge which results from the broadening and deepening of the research will positively contribute to the process of unification of Islamic law
Brunei's political development between 1966 and 1984 : challenges and difficulties over its security and survival
No full textAfter conducting extensive research at the Public Record Office at Kew, London, which involved unearthing documents pertaining to Brunei-UK relationships between 1966 and 1984, I decided to focus my work on Brunei's political development between those periods of time. While I focused my work on this field, it became obvious that Brunei's security and survival remained the main issues that posed challenges and difficulties to the Sultans of Brunei.
Starting in 1966, it was indeed a crucial year because this was when Britain decided to end its protection over Brunei. As a result of this decision, Britain put more pressure
on the Sultan to implement a democratic system of government in the Sultanate. Britain's insistence that the Sultan should implement the system was supported by Malaysia and Brunei's local party. This demand for democracy posed challenges and difficulties concerning Brunei's security and survival, as it could reduce the power of the Sultan and would bring Brunei within Malaysia. Britain's decision also troubled the Sultan, as it would leave Brunei inadequately protected from any internal and external threats or attacks. Consequently the Sultan was apprehensive over Malaysia, which still wanted to bring Brunei within the Federation of Malaysia, and Indonesia for its past support of the 1962 Bruneian ex-rebels and for harbouring the leader of the rebellion, Azahari, after the end of the rebellion.
In this study I hope to give a clearer understanding of Brunei's history particularly between 1966 and 1984, as previous authors of Brunei's history have either not touched
at all or only touched briefly on Britain's demands on the Sultan to implement a democratic system of government and Malaysia's persistent objective to bring Brunei
within Malaysia. Furthermore, none of the authors of Brunei's history has studied in any detail the issues arising from Malaysia's intention to bring Brunei within Malaysia, i. e., the escape of Brunei's 1962 ex-rebels to Limbang (which made Brunei's call for the return of Limbang an urgent matter) and the- ex-rebels' political activities outside Brunei between 1973 and 1975, which had the support of the Malaysian government and other foreign countries and international organizations.
This study benefits from the use of the documents pertaining to Brunei-UK relationships (from 1966 onwards) that are available at the Public Record Office but that previous authors of Brunei's history have not used. Although there is a shortcoming in this study that is the unavailability of records for the period 1976 until 1984, I have used local and foreign newspapers and secondary materials which are available in various institutions both in Brunei and abroad. In addition, I have carried out interviews with key figures pertaining to the issues mentioned above in order to pursue the study. The method used in the study is chronological so that the events and
issues highlighted in this thesis can be adequately discussed and followed
Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Animasi untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa dalam Pembacaan Alat Ukur Vernier Caliper dan Micrometer Mata Pelajaran PDTO pada Kelas X Otomotif di SMKN 1 Kota Jantho
No full textThis study aims to determine whether the use of animated learning media to improve student learning outcomes in reading the vernier caliper and micrometer measuring instruments for Basic Automotive (PDTO) subjects in class X Automotive at SMKN 1 Kota Jantho. The type of research used is the type of experiment. The research design used is One group Pretest-Posttest (Initial Test-Final Test in a single group), where the sample group is given treatment (independent variable) but the initial ability of the sample is known through the pretest. After the treatment was given, the results of the study were observed using a posttest. The results of this study conclude that the use of animation has a significant effect on student learning outcomes, where H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted based on the results of tcount of 4.092 which is greater than ttable of 2.228, or tcount > ttable = 4.092 > 2.228.
Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dengan menggunakan media animasi pada pembacaan alat ukur vernier caliper dan micrometer mata pelajaran Pekerjaan Dasar Otomotif (PDTO) pada kelas X Otomotif di SMKN 1 Kota Jantho. Jenis penelitian yang dipakai yaitu jenis eksperimen. Desain penelitian yang dipakai ialah pre-test dan post-test untuk satu kelompok, dimana dilakukan pre-test setelah menggunakan metode konvensional dan melaksanakan post-test setelah menggunakan media animasi. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan penggunaan animasi memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap hasil belajar siswa, dimana H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima berdasarkan hasil thitung sebesar 4,092 lebih besar dari ttabel sebesar 2,228, atau thitung > ttabel = 4,092 > 2,228
Quantifying Digital Competence (DigCompEdu) of agriculture teachers in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) Institutions
No full textThe purpose of this study is to identify the level of digital competence among agriculture teachers in vocational colleges by using the Digital Competence Framework for Educators (DigCompEdu). The differences in the level of digital competence were analyzed according to demographic variables. A survey was conducted with 177 agricultural teachers from six vocational colleges in
Malaysia using a proportionate stratified sampling method. This quantitative study was conducted to determine differences between 6 areas in digital competence with age, gender, and teaching experiences. The findings revealed that most agriculture teachers in vocational colleges fell into category B1, known as Integrators, and possessed moderate levels in all areas of digital competence. The data showed that gender did not significantly affect any of the digital competence areas examined. There was a significant difference in digital competence among agriculture teachers based on age and teaching experience in several areas. For Professional Engagement, younger teachers exhibited higher engagement levels, while for Digital Resources, teachers with 6–14 years of experience showed a significantly greater usage than those with 0–5 years. These findings underscore the importance of enhancing teachers' digital competence and understanding the various factors influencing it to meet future professional quality expectations and better prepare students for the digital world
Constructing the Architectonics and Formulating the Articulation of Islamic Governance: A Discursive Attempt in Islamic Epistemology
No full textInternational institutions have promoted a ‘good governance’ agenda as an archetypal model to achieve development for underdeveloped and developing countries. However, closer scrutiny can trace the root of this agenda back to the hegemonic nature of modernity that proposes a specific meta-narrative upon others, as part of Eurocentrism. Many, however, have criticized this Eurocentric paradigm, since the non-Western communities with their own constructed version of ‘good’ in governance have also proven their ability to develop and prosper in the present or in the past. Thus, the cultural and value-laden nature of such vernacular concepts provides the rationale for the existence and practice of other paradigms. In line with this argument, Islam, with its long history of governance and richness of its values can be considered as another alternative, which should be thoroughly examined to disclose and depict its conceptualization and paradigm of ‘good governance’.
The aim of this research, thus, is to explore and analyze the Islamic axioms, foundation principles and values underpinning the field of governance in an attempt to construct the architectonics of a new systemic and dynamic theory and formulate the articulation of ‘Islamic governance’. This discursive and abstract, rather than being an empirical exercise, assumes to produce a ‘good governance’ framework within its own formulation through a value-shaped dynamic model according to maqÉÎid al-SharÊÑah (higher objective of SharÊÑah) by going beyond the narrow remit of classical and contemporary discussions produced on the topic, which propose a certain institutional model of governance based on the classical juristic (fiqh) method. In this new dynamic paradigm, a discourse-oriented approach is taken to establish the philosophical foundation of the model by deriving it from Islamic ontology, which is then articulated using the Islamic epistemological sources to develop and formulate the discursive foundations of this new theoretical framework. A deductive method is applied to the ontological sources and epistemological principles to explain the architectonics of this new theory, which are represented by the constructed axioms, which later help to articulate the working mechanism of the proposed ‘Islamic good governance’ framework through a specifically formulated typology to function as an alternative conceptualization of ‘good governance’.
This study, through an exclusive analytical discursive approach, finds that Islam as one of the major religions in the contemporary world with the claim of promising the underpinning principles and philosophical foundations of worldly affairs and institutions through a micro method of producing homoIslamicus could contribute towards development of societies by establishing a unique model of governance from its explicit ontological worldview through a directed descriptive epistemology. Thus, the research on governance in this study does not only focus on the positivistic materialist components such as institutions or mechanisms or growth per se, but it encompasses the value-laden holistic nature of human life in accordance with the Islamic worldview as an important contribution. In doing so, it formulates the ‘good governance’ in Islam in relation to the conceptualized ‘ihsani social capital’, which constitutes the main thrust of the constructed model. Nonetheless, this generative (non-cumulative) paradigm of looking into the governance issue should be viewed as an incomplete certainty as production of the continuous ijtihad (reasoning) progression will continue to reveal ways through which its working mechanism can be expanded along with potential developments in its philosophical formation
Perancangan Sistem Propulsi Diesel-Elektrik pada Kapal Penyeberangan Ujung Surabaya - Kamal Madura
No full textPenyebrangan Ujung Surabaya-Kamal Madura merupakan akses transportasi utama penghubung Pulau Jawa dengan Pulau Madura. Namun sejak berdirinya jembatan Suramadu pada tahun 2009 penyebrangan Ujung-Kamal tidak lagi menjadi satu-satunya akses penghubung antar pulau. Hal itu menyebabkan penurunan pengguna jasa dan kerugian perusahaan penyebrangan sebab biaya operasional kapal yang tinggi terutama pada bahan bakar. Maka penelitian ini dilakukan untuk dapat mengurangi biaya operasional bahan bakar kapal pada penyebrangan Ujung —Kamal dengan melakukan penyesuaian dimensi kapal, merancang sistem propulsi diesel mekanik dan diesel-elektrik pada kapal feri, dan membandingkan biaya bahan bakar kedua sistem. Penelitian dilakukan melalui pendekatan desain kuantitatif berdasarkan acuan data lapangan. Hasil penelitian didapatkan ukuran kapal yang optimal dengan dimensi utama LPP 20.6 m, LWL 20.68 m, B 5.18 m, T 1.22 m, H 2.29 m, Cb 0.75, Cp 0.838, Displasmen 100 Ton, payload 19.35 Ton, dengan kecepatan 7 Knot. Sistem propulsi diesel mekanik dirancang menggunakan 2 unit mesin diesel AII VETUS M4.35 berdaya 24.3 KW, gearbox Reintjes DLG series rasio 5.06, dan propeller B4-100 berdiameter 0.6869 m. Sedangkan sistem propulsi diesel-elektrik menggunakan 2 unit motor listrik ABB M3BP 180MLB4 berdaya 22 KW, gearbox Reintjes rasio 2.6, propeller B4-100 berdiameter 0.6869 m, dan menggunakan generator Sole Diesel 25GT/GTC berdaya 19.5 KW sejumlah 5 set. Pada pola operasional penyebrangan Ujung-Kamal penggunaan sistem propulsi diesel-elektrik dengan ukuran kapal yang sudah disesuaikan dapat menghemat biaya bahan bakar sebesar 51.68% dibandingkan dengan penggunaan sistem propulsi diesel mekanik.
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The Surabaya-Kamal Madura Crossing is the main transportation access connecting Java Island with Madura Island. However, since the establishment of the Suramadu bridge in 2009, the Ujung-Kamal crossing is no longer the only connecting access between the islands. This has led to a decrease in service users and losses from crossing companies due to high ship operating costs, especially in fuel. Therefore, this study was carried out to be able to reduce the operational cost of ship fuel at the Ujung -Kamal crossing by adjusting the dimensions of the ship, designing a mechanical diesel and diesel-electric propulsion system on the ferry, and comparing the fuel costs of the two systems. The research was conducted through a quantitative design approach based on field data references. The results of the study obtained the optimal size of the ship with the main dimensions of LPP 20.6 m, LWL 20.68 m, B 5.18 m, T 1.22 m, H 2.29 m, Cb 0.75, Cp 0.838, 100 Tons Displacement, 19.35 Tons payload, with a speed of 7 knots. The mechanical diesel propulsion system is designed using 2 units of AII VETUS M4.35 diesel engine with a power of 24.3 KW, a Reintjes DLG series gearbox with a ratio of 5.06, and a B4-100 propeller with a diameter of 0.6869 m. Meanwhile, the diesel-electric propulsion system uses 2 units of ABB M3BP 180MLB4 electric motors with a power of 22 KW, a Reintjes gearbox with a ratio of 2.6, a B4-100 propeller with a diameter of 0.6869 m, and uses a 25GT/GTC Sole Diesel generator with a power of 19.5 KW for a total of 5 sets. In the operational pattern of the Ujung-Kamal crossing, the use of a diesel-electric propulsion system with an adjusted ship size can save fuel costs by 51.68% compared to the use of a mechanical diesel propulsion system
Comparison of parameter estimation methods when multicollinearity and outlier exists / Aida Nurasikin Jamil ...[et al.]
No full textOrdinary Least Squares (OLS) estimator become worse in the presence of multicollinearity and outlier. Here, three methods are suggested to improve the model when multicollinearity and outlier exists, the first one is Jackknife Regression (JR) based on left out method, the second is Ridge Regression (RR) based on the addition of shrinking parameter, and the third is Latent Root Regression (LRR) by adding the latent root and latent vector. In the application, model parameters, standard errors, length of confidence intervals (L.C.I), coefficients of determination ( 2 R ), and mean square error (MSE) of these methods are estimated. Next, the perfomance of these three methods are compared with OLS by using the MSE and 2 R .Based on the analysis, LRR method was the best method compared to other methods since the value of MSE is less and 2 R is higher among others. The LRR was not only the best method when multicollinearity exist, but also was the best when the presence of both multicollinearity and outlie
Analisis Sentimen Terhadap Bantuan Langsung Tunai (BLT) Bahan Bakar Minyak (BBM) Menggunakan Support Vector Machine: Sentiment Analysis of Cash Direct Assistance Distribution for Fuel Oil Using Support Vector Machine
No full textBahan bakar minyak (BBM) merupakan salah satu kebutuhan pokok masyarakat. Namun, harga BBM yang tinggi dapat menyebabkan beban ekonomi bagi masyarakat yang tidak mampu. Dalam rangka mengatasi masalah ini, pemerintah telah menerapkan program Bantuan Langsung Tunai (BLT) sebagai bentuk bantuan bagi masyarakat yang mengalami ketidakseimbangan ekonomi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis sentimen masyarakat terhadap program Bantuan Langsung Tunai (BLT) Bahan Bakar Minyak (BBM). Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data scraping, yaitu mengambil data dari media sosial Instagram. Jumlah yang digunakan sebanyak 356 data. Proses klasifikasi yang digunakan berdasarkan model pembelajaran dari Support Vector Machine (SVM) dan evaluasi dengan confusion matrix. Dari hasil perhitungan, terlihat bahwa proses klasifikasi sentimen menggunakan metode SVM didapatkan tingkat accuracy 85,98%, rata-rata nilai precision 82,25%, nilai rata-rata recall 66,35%, dan nilai rata-rata f-measure 73,44%. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa sentimen negatif lebih banyak daripada sentimen positif, dengan masing-masing persentase 78.61% dan 21.34%. Dari analisis sentimen yang dilakukan, ditemukan bahwa sentimen negatif adalah yang paling banyak muncul, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat tidak puas dengan bantuan langsung tunai BBM. Sebagai respon terhadap sentimen negatif yang dominan, perlu diterapkan strategi untuk melakukan pemerataan bantuan langsung tunai dan pendata’an yang terstruktur agar tingkat kekecewaan masyarakat dapat diminimalisir
The Implementation of the Teaching Factory Learning Model and Its Influence on Student Work Results and Consumer Satisfaction
No full textThis article is the result of field research in three schools in Aceh Besar. This research consists of two related studies. The first focuses on answering the hypothesis about the effect of implementing a teaching factory on student work using the one-group pretest-posttest design method. Students will be given a pretest first to assess the results of their initial work. After that, they are given the teaching factory treatment and then a post-test for the results to be compared to assess whether the treatment has an effect. The second research the author wants to examine in this article is consumer satisfaction with the work. Using the survey method, the data obtained is calculated based on the satisfaction references percentage. The sample in this study consisted of 30 students to evaluate work results using the one-group pretest-posttest design method and 30 consumers to assess the level of consumer satisfaction with student work. Based on the data obtained, the researchers concluded that there was a significant influence on student work results after treatment. The average post-test result increased to a pretest value of 18.66667 with sig. 0.000, which means significant. The result value of the t count is 37.405, greater than the t table of 2.045, which means that the application of teaching factory learning is very effective in improving student work results. Then for the consumer satisfaction results, it was obtained that 30% were very satisfied with the student work, and 70% were satisfied with the student work. With nine people feeling very satisfied and 21 people feeling satisfied, the average result is that consumers are satisfied with students’ work
