10 research outputs found
The role of the accused in English and Islamic criminal justice
No full textThis thesis is a comparative study of the role of the accused in the systems of
English and Islamic criminal justice. It seeks to explore the underlying
relationship between the individual and the state through an historical, structural
and contextual analysis of their rules relating to questioning and of confessions.
The analysis of the English system covers the period 1800 to 1984, with
particular reference to developments during the nineteenth century when the
foundations for the modern English state were established. The analysis of the
Islamic system combines traditionally Islamic and modern methods, assessing the
"Islamisation" movement in Malaysia through a religico-structural understanding
of juristic opinion from the four main schools of Sunnite jurisprudence.
The thesis contributes to existing knowledge on a number of levels: first, it
questions and revises the "myth" of "progress" that has dominated observations
of the history of the English criminal justice system; second, it elucidates the
relationship between Islamic law in theory and the law that is applied and
proposed in its name in Muslim states; third, it provides an analytical framework
for drawing comparisons between the underlying values of the systems of English
and Islamic criminal justice.
While acknowledging fundamental differences in terms of outlook and
articulation, the author concludes there are important similarities expressed
through such notions as "suspect" in the English system and "kafir"I"fasiq" in the
Islamic. These act as intermediate constitutional categories to whom the state
owe less protection. But the author notes also that these similarities are not
observed necessarily in the "law" which is implemented or proposed in Muslim
states; exact correspondence depends upon the over-arching political structure
and the institution of Caliphate.
The thesis is divided into six chapters: chapter one sets out the conventional view
of the historical development of English criminal procedure and evidence;
chapter two subjects that to a critique and chapter three offers a revised thesis.
Chapter four, explores methods for interpreting and explaining Islam; chapter
five sets out rules relating to confessions and questioning according to the four
Sunni schools; chapter six puts them into "context" through an examination of
the "Islamisation" process in Malaysia
Conflict of law and the methodology of Tarjīẖ : a study in Islamic legal theory
No full textIslamic law never achieved unity but expressed itself in, at least, four surviving schools. More interestingly, contemporary Muslim communities are still divided among themselves on a number of issues related to their laws. This work describes how problem of legal conflicts have been tackled by Muslim jurists. It is an attempt to examine closely the phenomenon of conflict in Islamic law from the standpoint of usūl-al-fiqh or Islamic legal theory. In fact, much is heard nowadays of the contradiction in the body of Islamic law. Whilst in contrast, little is presented in terms of the methodology of removing this conflict. The present work therefore, attempts to redress this balance. The emphasis of the work will be concerned primarily with tarjīh methodology ; how to give preference to one piece of evidence or argument over the other when they conflict. Nevertheless, considerable concern is given to investigating the background to the conflict of law in the Shari'ah.
This study of a neglected area in Islamic legal scholarship will be an important source of reference to students, both practising and theoretical jurists or to anyone who merely wishes to increase his knowledge of legal themes, particularly legal conflict. The very aim of the work is to argue that conflict is a natural and unavoidable consequence of legal study because legal conflict is only conflicting principles and arguments adduced by both the classical and modern jurists to reach what is actually intended by God in the target case. Therefore, conflicts are inevitable in most of the cases in fiqh owing to the variety of principles set out to deal with one piece of legal evidence, let alone with all the pieces of legal evidence in question.
Tarjīh is therefore, an important and workable instrument in the re-examination of these conflicts and in arriving at the most accurate principle for establishing the law for as long as this is possible. It is hoped that the discovery of new facts and the increase of knowledge which results from the broadening and deepening of the research will positively contribute to the process of unification of Islamic law
Astrology in literature: how the prohibited became permissible in the Arabic poetry of the mediaeval period
No full textThis thesis is concerned to position the art of astrology within the context of classical Arabic poetry, primarily by investigating and elucidating attitudes to the notion of
qadar (fate) and the ideology in which it was embedded. These attitudes were revelatory of the broader world view of the Arabs of those periods, and their shifts from those held in the pre-Islamic and early Islamic eras tell us a good deal about the importance given to the nature and role of fate and about the various understandings of its influence. The pre-Islamic Arab's notion of qadar was in some ways similar to that of the early Muslims: both emphasised predetermination and the irresistible power of fate. But while the jahilf (Pre-Islamic) Arabs identified fate with the malign power of dahr (Time), the Muslims believed the power of fate lies in the hands of God the
Omnipotent, who alone is responsible for the fate of the whole universe. Thus the astrology of the pre-Islamic era was one aspect of divination (kihana) and claimed to be
able to reveal in advance an individual's destiny, which could be avoided by taking certain precautions. These precautions, however, were considered effective only in
relatively trivial cases; they were useless in the areas of major impact: a person's happiness or misery (shaqiiwa aw sa ada), sustenance (rizq) and one's term (ajal), the
three inevitable and irresistible manifestations of fate. In the Islamic period not only these major aspects of life are governed and controlled by the Omnipotent; the destiny
of the universe, in even its most minute details, is determined and controlled by God alone. Astrology was considered to be of no value whatsoever, and its practitioners were subject to the death penalty. These two irreconcilable views are evident in early Islamic poetry, which reflected clearly the response of poets, and society, to astrology from the perspective of qadar.
When the orthodox caliphate was replaced by dynastic rule the status of astrology was changed dramatically. The idea that the stars, as indicators, play a role in the life of
human beings found popowerful supporters in some governors of the Islamic world, who allowed astrology to fulfil a public function regardless of the hostility of the official
religion of that society. This social phenomenon generated rich material of a controversial character in the realm of literature. Investigating the factors, motivations
and impact of mediaeval political, theological and philosophical attitudes to astrology, in relation to the notions of free will and predestination, is the concern of this study
PERAN EKONOMI SYARIAH DALAM PEMULIHAN EKONOMI NASIONALPASCA PANDEMI COVID-19
No full textBuku Peran Ekonomi Syariah Dalam
Pemulihan Ekonomi Nasional Pasca Pandemi Covid-19 ini merupakan
buku hasil dari artikel terpilih yang diambil dari call for paper. Kegiatan
ini bersamaan dengan diadakannya International Webinar The 2 Islamic
Economic Consortium yang diadakan oleh Himpunan Mahasiswa
Program Studi Magister Ekonomi Syariah FEBI UIN Sunan Kalijaga
Yogyakarta.
Pada agenda call for paper ini, hasil penelitian dipresentasikan oleh
para peneliti yang berasal dari berbagai instansi yang beragam. Hasil dari
artikel tersebut kemudian didokumentasikan dalam buku ini
Constructing the Architectonics and Formulating the Articulation of Islamic Governance: A Discursive Attempt in Islamic Epistemology
No full textInternational institutions have promoted a ‘good governance’ agenda as an archetypal model to achieve development for underdeveloped and developing countries. However, closer scrutiny can trace the root of this agenda back to the hegemonic nature of modernity that proposes a specific meta-narrative upon others, as part of Eurocentrism. Many, however, have criticized this Eurocentric paradigm, since the non-Western communities with their own constructed version of ‘good’ in governance have also proven their ability to develop and prosper in the present or in the past. Thus, the cultural and value-laden nature of such vernacular concepts provides the rationale for the existence and practice of other paradigms. In line with this argument, Islam, with its long history of governance and richness of its values can be considered as another alternative, which should be thoroughly examined to disclose and depict its conceptualization and paradigm of ‘good governance’.
The aim of this research, thus, is to explore and analyze the Islamic axioms, foundation principles and values underpinning the field of governance in an attempt to construct the architectonics of a new systemic and dynamic theory and formulate the articulation of ‘Islamic governance’. This discursive and abstract, rather than being an empirical exercise, assumes to produce a ‘good governance’ framework within its own formulation through a value-shaped dynamic model according to maqÉÎid al-SharÊÑah (higher objective of SharÊÑah) by going beyond the narrow remit of classical and contemporary discussions produced on the topic, which propose a certain institutional model of governance based on the classical juristic (fiqh) method. In this new dynamic paradigm, a discourse-oriented approach is taken to establish the philosophical foundation of the model by deriving it from Islamic ontology, which is then articulated using the Islamic epistemological sources to develop and formulate the discursive foundations of this new theoretical framework. A deductive method is applied to the ontological sources and epistemological principles to explain the architectonics of this new theory, which are represented by the constructed axioms, which later help to articulate the working mechanism of the proposed ‘Islamic good governance’ framework through a specifically formulated typology to function as an alternative conceptualization of ‘good governance’.
This study, through an exclusive analytical discursive approach, finds that Islam as one of the major religions in the contemporary world with the claim of promising the underpinning principles and philosophical foundations of worldly affairs and institutions through a micro method of producing homoIslamicus could contribute towards development of societies by establishing a unique model of governance from its explicit ontological worldview through a directed descriptive epistemology. Thus, the research on governance in this study does not only focus on the positivistic materialist components such as institutions or mechanisms or growth per se, but it encompasses the value-laden holistic nature of human life in accordance with the Islamic worldview as an important contribution. In doing so, it formulates the ‘good governance’ in Islam in relation to the conceptualized ‘ihsani social capital’, which constitutes the main thrust of the constructed model. Nonetheless, this generative (non-cumulative) paradigm of looking into the governance issue should be viewed as an incomplete certainty as production of the continuous ijtihad (reasoning) progression will continue to reveal ways through which its working mechanism can be expanded along with potential developments in its philosophical formation
Using Artificial Intelligence for Effective Incident Response in SIEM System
No full textВикористання штучного інтелекту для ефективного реагування на інциденти у SIEM системі // Кваліфікаційна робота освітнього рівня «Магістр» // Кубарич Захар Петрович // Тернопільський національний технічний університет імені Івана Пулюя, факультет комп’ютерно-інформаційних систем і програмної інженерії, кафедра кібербезпеки, група СБм-61 // Тернопіль, 2023 // C. 98, рис. – 10, табл. – 3, додат. – 3, бібліогр. – 36.Штучний інтелект розширює можливості SIEM-систем в управлінні інформацією та подіями безпеки, пропонуючи безпрецедентну автоматизацію, точність і швидкість.
Традиційні заходи безпеки еволюціонують, а штучний інтелект надає можливості для проактивного виявлення загроз і реалізації прогностичних моделей безпеки.
У дослідженні були розглянуті основні теорії штучного інтелекту, які можуть бути застосовні до SIEM систем і підкреслено баланс між використанням можливостей штучного інтелекту та усуненням пов'язаних з ним ризиків, таких як: якість даних і конфіденційність.
Було продемонстровано процес впровадження мовленнєвої моделі штучного інтелекту до SIEM системи для надання інформації про наявні загрози у системі.Artificial intelligence expands the capabilities of SIEM systems in managing security information and events by offering unprecedented automation, accuracy, and speed.
Traditional security measures are evolving, and artificial intelligence provides opportunities for proactive threat detection and the implementation of predictive security models.
The study reviewed the main theories of artificial intelligence that can be applied to SIEM systems and emphasized the balance between using the capabilities of artificial intelligence and eliminating the associated risks, such as data quality and privacy.
The process of implementing a speech model of artificial intelligence into a SIEM system to provide information about existing threats in the system was demonstrated.ВСТУП ... 8
1 ШТУЧНИЙ ІНТЕЛЕКТ В SIEM СИСТЕМАХ: СТАН І ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ... 10
1.1 Аналіз існуючого стану SIEM систем з інтеграцією штучного інтелекту ... 10
1.2 Оцінка потреб і викликів для сучасних систем безпеки ... 17
1.3 Розгляд потенціалу штучного інтелекту в контексті реагування на інциденти ... 21
1.4 Висновки до першого розділу ... 24
2 ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ОСНОВИ ІНТЕГРАЦІЇ ШІ В СИСТЕМИ КІБЕРБЕЗПЕКИ ... 25
2.1 Огляд ключових теорій штучного інтелекту, що застосовуються у SIEM системах ... 25
2.2 Дослідження переваг і можливих ризиків застосування ШІ в кібербезпеці ... 31
2.3 Аналіз методів машинного навчання для вдосконалення роботи SIEM систем ... 37
2.4 Огляд перспектив використання великих мовних моделей в SIEM ... 46
2.5 Висновки до другого розділу ... 49
3 ПРАКТИЧНЕ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ШТУЧНОГО ІНТЕЛЕКТУ В SIEM СИСТЕМАХ ... 50
3.1 Проектування моделі ШІ для оптимізації реагування на інциденти ... 50
3.1.1 Постановка задачі ... 50
3.1.2 Налаштування системи Wazuh ... 51
3.1.2.1 Особливості системи Wazuh ... 52
3.1.2.2 Конфігурація Wazuh ... 54
3.1.3 Реалізація доступу до інтерфейсу керування Wazuh ... 55
3.1.4 Налаштування скрипту для автоматичного сканування мережі за допомогою утиліти Nmap ... 57
3.1.5 Інтеграція ChatGPT ... 60
3.2 Виявлення сканування портів за допомогою ChatGPT ... 63
3.2.1 Запит для фільтрації даних в контексті пошуку подій в SIEM ... 64
3.2.2 Запит SPLUNK ... 67
3.2.3 Запит в Wazuh ... 68
3.4 Обмеження використання ChatGPT в SIEM ... 70
3.5 Висновки до третього розділу ... 72
4 БЕЗПЕКА ЖИТТЄДІЯЛЬНОСТІ, ОСНОВИ ОХОРОНИ ПРАЦІ ... 73
4.1 Охорона праці ... 73
4.2 Шкідливий вплив іонізуючого випромінювання ... 76
4.3 Висновки до четвертого розділу ... 81
ВИСНОВОК ... 83
ПЕРЕЛІК ВИКОРИСТАНИХ ДЖЕРЕЛ ... 85
ДОДАТКИ ... 9
Innovación digital en salud: un desafío para la dirección estratégica en la era post- Covid-19
No full text; 28 cm.La pandemia por COVID-19 ha impulsado la necesidad de adoptar la innovación digital en el
sector de la salud, presentando desafíos y oportunidades para la dirección estratégica. En este
contexto, se destacan las oportunidades de innovación que la telemedicina, la interconexión de
datos de salud, la inteligencia artificial y los dispositivos de monitoreo ofrecen para mejorar la
accesibilidad y la calidad de la atención. Sin embargo, la seguridad de datos, la brecha digital y
la resistencia al cambio son desafíos cruciales. La dirección estratégica debe abordar estos
desafíos mediante la implementación de medidas de seguridad robustas, la promoción de la
equidad en el acceso digital y liderando una transformación cultural. La colaboración entre
diferentes actores y un enfoque de atención centrado en resultados clínicos son esenciales.
La innovación digital en salud post-COVID-19 requiere una dirección estratégica cuidadosa y
adaptativa para maximizar los beneficios y garantizar una atención médica eficiente y de calidad.Consideraciones generales.-- Pregunta de investigación.-- Objetivo de investigación.-- Justificación.-- Marco referencial.-- Metodología.-- Resultados.-- Conclusiones.-- Recomendaciones.-- Bibliografía.EspecializaciónEspecialista en Alta GerenciaEspecialización en Alta Gerenci
