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    Analisis pengaruh sektor pertanian terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia Tahun 2016-2021

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    Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB) merupakan salah satu indikator makro ekonomi yang padaumumnya digunakan untuk mengukur kinerja ekonomi di suatu Negara. Indikator pembangunan ekonomi negara tercermin dalam perkembangan PDB dari tahun ke tahun. PDB disajikan dalam dua konsep harga, yaitu harga berlaku dan harga konstan. PDB atas dasar harga berlaku sering disebut dengan PDB nominal yaitu nilai tambah barang dan jasa yang dihasilkan suatu negara dalam suatu periode waktu menurut harga yang berlaku pada waktu tersebut. Sementara PDB atas dasar harga konstan, sering disebut dengan PDB riil merupakan nilai tambah barang dan jasa yang dihitung menggunakan harga pada satu tahun tertentu sebagai tahun dasar. PDB atas dasar harga berlaku memperlihatkan struktur perekonomian berdasarkan lapangan usaha. Sementara PDB atas dasar harga konstan memperlihatkan tingkat pertumbuhan ekonomi sebagai refleksi capaian pembangunan yang diperoleh dalam jangka waktu tertentu. Sektor pertanian yang merupakan salah satu sektor yang menjadi pusat perhatian dalam pembangunan nasional, khususnya yang berhubungan dengan pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan hasil-hasil strategis terutama yang menyangkut komoditas pangan. Pembangunan pada sektor pertanian telah mampu memberikan sumbangan besar dalam pembangunan nasional, seperti penyerapan tenaga kerja, peningkatan pendapatan masyarakat, penyedian sumber pangan dan bahan baku industri, pemicu pertumbuhan ekonomi, perolehan devisa, maupun sumbangan tidak langsung melalui penciptaan kondisi kondusif bagi pelaksanaan pembangunan dan hubungan sinergis dengan sektor lain. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: 1.) Menganalisis pengaruh sektor pertanian terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia. 2.) Menganalisis seberapa besar sektor pertanian mempengaruhi pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia. Data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini diperoleh melalui data-data sekunder yang berasal dari Badan Pusat Statistik Indonesia. Studi Pustaka yaitu pengambilan referensi yang didapatkan dari buku, jurnal, artikel serta dokumen-dokumen pendukung yang berhubungan dengan penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Nilai konstanta pada persamaan regresi sebesar -7.775.673,499 menunjukan bahwa jika sektor pertanian (X) nilainya adalah Rp. 0, maka pertumbuhan ekonomi (Y) nilainya negatif sebesar Rp. 7.775.673,499 atau sekitar Rp. 7.775 Triliun. Koefisien regresi sektor pertanian sebesar 8,495 menunjukan bahwa jika variabel sektor pertanian meningkat Rp. 1 Triliun, maka variabel pertumbuhan ekonomi mengalami peningkatan sebesar Rp. 8,495 Triliun dengan ketentuan variabel lainnya konstan. Berdasarkan analisis menggunakan metode kuantitatif diatas menunjukkan bahwa sektor pertanian memiliki peran yang sangat penting dan berpengaruh signifikan bagi pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia pada periode 2016-2021. Hasil Uji T di atas menunjukkan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,001 Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh melalui analisis secara kuantitatif, menunjukkan bahwa variabel independen (sektor pertanian) berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap variabel dependen (Pertumbuhan Ekonomi). Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan uji t yang memiliki nilai signifikansi lebih kecil dari 0,05 atau nilai signifikansi 0,001 < 0,05. Maka Ho ditolak, artinya sektor pertanian berpengaruh terhadap Pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia. Hasil pengolahan data terlihat bahwa variabel independen (sektor pertanian) berpengaruh secara positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi artinya Sektor Pertanian berpengaruh Positif dan signifikan terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Indonesia. Analisis koefisien determinasi diketahui bahwa PDB sektor pertanian mempengaruhi pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia sebesar 94,8% selama periode 2016-2021. Artinya, sektor pertanian mampu menyumbangkan pengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi sebesar 15,8% setiap tahunnya. Sedangkan nilai sisanya sebesar 5,2% disumbangkan oleh variabel lain yang tidak terdapat pada penelitian ini

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis

    Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts

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    We conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more sophisticated methods

    Author Index

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    koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist

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    We have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used

    Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902

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    In Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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