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Patta dan Opu dalam Pandangan Masyarakat Selayar (Studi Kasus pada Kecamatan Bontobangun dan Buki
Get PDFABSTRAK
MUHAMMAD ALIM IHSAN. Patta dan Opu dalam Pandangan Masyarakat Selayar (Studi Kasus pada Kecamatan Bontobangun dan Buki) (dibimbing oleh T.R. Andi Lolo, Wahyuddin Hamid, dan Edward L. Poelinggomang).
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkapkan dan menganalisis persepsi dan respek masyarakat Selayar pada patta dan opu di era modern, apakah patta dan opu masih mempunyai legitimasi dalam masyarakat Selayar, dan implikasinya dalam kehidupan sosial, ekonomi, politik di Selayar.
Penelitian ini diawali dengan penyelidikan terhadap tinggalan-tinggalan dan jejak kesejarahan tentang eksistensi patta dan opu di Kabupaten Selayar, disusul dengan menyelidiki masing-masing infomasi tentang kerajaan yang pernah berjaya. Informasi mengenai keberadaan patta dan opu selanjutnya dikaji secara mendalam pada dua unit analisis yakni Kerajaan Bontobangun dan Buki. Pengenalan lebih mendalam atas data tentang kedua kerajaan ini dilakukan melalui wawancara dengan para keturunan raja serta pihak-pihak yang mengetahui masalah penelitian. Selain itu, mengamati berbagai arsip dan dokumen pribadi masyarakat.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa eksistensi patta dan opu dalam propektif kesejarahan di Selayar menempati posisi sentral dalam struktur pemerintahan Kolonial Belanda hingga masa kemerdekaan. Kedudukan dan peranan patta dan opu secara sosiologi sangat strategis sebagai pemimpin dan pengayom masyarakat dalam berbagai kebutuhan hidup, sehingga peranan mereka, tidak sekadar sebagai pemimpin saja. Meskipun demikian, dalam perkembangannya peranan patta dan opu ini mengalami kemunduran terutama sejak terjadinya transformasi sosial pada masyarakat lokal akibat pengaruh modernisasi. Adapun faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perubahan sosial patta dan opu di Selayar adalah bidang ekonomi, politik, pendidikan, dan sosial.
Perubahan paradigma tentang tipe ideal mengenai pemimpin dari kriteria konvensional berbasis kebangsawanan menjadi paradigma modern yang bersandar pada indikator tingkat pendidikan, pada gilirannya berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tindak perhormatan dan penghargaan masyarakat pada patta dan opu pada masyarakat Selayar. Dengan demikian, factor kunci perubahan sosial adalah ekonomi, pendidikan, politik, dan sosial.
Kata Kunci : Eksistensi Patta dan Opu
ABSTRACT
MUHAMMAD ALIM IHSAN. Patta and Opu in the Perception of Selayar People (a case Study in Bontobangun and Buki Sub-Districts) (supervised by T.R. Andi Lolo, Wahyuddin Hamid, and Edward L. Poelinggomang).
The objective of this research is to reveal and analyze the perception and respect of Selayar people about patta and opu in modern era, whether or not patta and opu still legitimated, as well its implication to social life, economy, and politics in Selayar.
This research started with investigations on the relics and historical trails of the existence of patta and opu in Selayar Regency, followed by the investigations on the respective glorious Kingdoms. The information about the existence of patta and opu is furthermore studied deeply on two analysis units namely former Bontobangun Kingdom and former Buki Kingdom. Further introduction regarding data information about these two ex Kingdoms is done through interviews with the descendants of the Kings and parties that are related to the objective of this research. On the other hand, studying personal files and documents is also done.
The result of this research shows that the existence of patta and opu, from historical perspective, held central position in Dutch Colonial Administration structure until Independent Day. The position and role of patta and opu were sociologically strategic as leader and patron of the society in many needs of life so their role is not just as a leader. However, through its developments, the role of patta and opu has deteriorated especially since the occurrence of social transformation of local society caused by modernization impacts. The factors that influence social changes of patta and opu in Selayar are the fields of economy, politics, education, dan social.
Paradigm changes on ideal type of a leader of conventional criteria with noble basis has become modern paradigm that is based on education degree that eventually has significant impacts on society admiration and respect acts of the society about patta and opu in Selayar society. Therefore, the key factors of the social changes are economy, education, politics, and social.
Key words: Existence of patta and opu
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
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koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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