263 research outputs found
The determinants of capital structure for construction firms listed in Bursa Malaysia / Muhammad Imran Arif Mohd Nasir
No full textFactors that affect failure of firms are bad financial management and lack of capital. The construction industry is facing these problems. A study by (Adnan Enshassi, 2006) finds that construction companies have high business failure rate compare to other sectors. . For further better management of capital, this research is conducted to determine factors that affected capital structure for construction companies listed in Bursa Malaysia. This study examines the capital structure for the construction companies listed in Bursa Malaysia market during a five-year period from 2012-2016. This sample data derived from financial statements of 25 companies with number of observations is 125. The dependent variable is debt ratio (total debt/total assets) while independent variables are profitability (earnings before interests and taxes/total assets), size (natural logarithm of total assets), growth (market-to-book ratio) and assets tangibility (total fixed assets/total assets). The method used in this study is Pooled Ordinary Least Square (OLS). The expected results of this study are profitability and growth are significant negative to debt ratio while size and assets tangibility are positively significant to debt ratio
Green and Sustainable Synthesis of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles: A Stevia Leaf Extract Approach
No full text: Silver and gold nanoparticles were synthesized by reducing silver and gold ions using previously unexplored stevia extracts prepared with water, methanol, and ethanol as solvents. These extracts served as both reducing and stabilizing agents. The nanoparticles were characterized using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, which confirmed surface plasmon resonance (SPR) at 400-450 nm for AgNPs and 500-550 nm for AuNPs, with an additional peak at 650-700 nm. Zeta potential analysis revealed polydispersity index (PdI) values of 0.269, 0.328, and 0.184 for AgNPs, and 0.428, 0.366, and 0.408 for AuNPs in water, ethanol, and methanol extracts, respectively. The Z-average particle sizes were 68.66, 163.9, and 146.4 nm for AgNPs, and 207.2, 96.27, and 160.6 nm for AuNPs. TEM images confirmed that the nanoparticles were spherical and well-dispersed. FTIR analysis indicated that functional groups such as hydroxyl and carbonyl from the stevia extracts were involved in the reduction and stabilization of nanoparticles. This study highlights the potential of Stevia rebaudiana extracts as efficient, eco-friendly agents for the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles, offering a sustainable alternative to conventional chemical and physical methods with potential applications in antimicrobial and biomedical fields
Modelling the Relationship between Whole Sale Price and Consumer Price Indices: Cointegration and Causality Analysis for India
No full textIn this study we attempted to analyze the static and dynamic causality between producers’ prices measured by WPI and consumers’ prices measured by CPI in the context of India. We did our analysis in the framework of time series and for analysis, we applied ARDL bounds testing approach to cointegration and robustness of ARDL approach is examined through Johansen and Juselius (1990) maximum likelihood approach over the period of 1950-2009. We found the evidence of bidirectional causality between WPI and CPI in both cases i.e., in the short-run and long-run. Furthermore, outside sample forecast analysis reveals that in India, WPI leads CPI. This implies that WPI is determined by market forces and also a leading indicator of consumers’ prices and inflation. This gives an indication to the Indian policy analysts to control for factors affecting WPI in order to have control on CPI since CPI is used for indexation purposes for many wage and salary earners including government employees and hence it will be helpful in cutting down the excess government expenditure.CPI and WPI, Granger causality, cointegration VDs, IRFs.
Conflict of law and the methodology of Tarjīẖ : a study in Islamic legal theory
No full textIslamic law never achieved unity but expressed itself in, at least, four surviving schools. More interestingly, contemporary Muslim communities are still divided among themselves on a number of issues related to their laws. This work describes how problem of legal conflicts have been tackled by Muslim jurists. It is an attempt to examine closely the phenomenon of conflict in Islamic law from the standpoint of usūl-al-fiqh or Islamic legal theory. In fact, much is heard nowadays of the contradiction in the body of Islamic law. Whilst in contrast, little is presented in terms of the methodology of removing this conflict. The present work therefore, attempts to redress this balance. The emphasis of the work will be concerned primarily with tarjīh methodology ; how to give preference to one piece of evidence or argument over the other when they conflict. Nevertheless, considerable concern is given to investigating the background to the conflict of law in the Shari'ah.
This study of a neglected area in Islamic legal scholarship will be an important source of reference to students, both practising and theoretical jurists or to anyone who merely wishes to increase his knowledge of legal themes, particularly legal conflict. The very aim of the work is to argue that conflict is a natural and unavoidable consequence of legal study because legal conflict is only conflicting principles and arguments adduced by both the classical and modern jurists to reach what is actually intended by God in the target case. Therefore, conflicts are inevitable in most of the cases in fiqh owing to the variety of principles set out to deal with one piece of legal evidence, let alone with all the pieces of legal evidence in question.
Tarjīh is therefore, an important and workable instrument in the re-examination of these conflicts and in arriving at the most accurate principle for establishing the law for as long as this is possible. It is hoped that the discovery of new facts and the increase of knowledge which results from the broadening and deepening of the research will positively contribute to the process of unification of Islamic law
European Renaissance and Modernity: An Analytical Study of Causes and Effects : یورپ کی نشاءۃ ثانیہ اور جدیدیت: اسباب و اثرات کا تجزیاتی مطالعہ
No full textThe European Renaissance stands as a pivotal period in history, marking a transition from the medieval to the modern era. This epochal shift brought forth profound changes in various aspects of European society, including art, culture, science, philosophy, and politics. Understanding the causes and effects of the Renaissance is essential for comprehending the trajectory of European civilization and its eventual emergence into modernity. European Renaissance wasn't just a cultural revival but a fundamental shift in European thought. It challenged traditional authority, fostered critical thinking, and celebrated human potential. These developments became the building blocks of modernity, shaping the scientific, political, artistic, and religious landscape of the modern world. The effects of the Renaissance reverberated far beyond the borders of Europe, influencing developments across the globe. The exploration and colonization of distant lands expanded European horizons and facilitated the exchange of goods, ideas, and cultures on a global scale. The scientific revolution, which emerged in the wake of the Renaissance, transformed humanity's understanding of the natural world, laying the groundwork for modern science and technology. This Article delves into the intricate relationship between the European Renaissance (14th-16th centuries) and the rise of modernity. It analyzes the key causes of the Renaissance and explores how these factors fundamentally reshaped European society, paving the way for the development of the modern world and presents a concise analytical study of the factors that contributed to the Renaissance and its far-reaching impacts on European society.
Keywords: Europe, Renaissance, History, Modernity, Causes, Effects, Analysi
Fluoroscopic percutaneous coronary interventions, assessment, protocols, and interpretation
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Investigation into energy efficient wireless sensor networks for smart monitoring and sensing applications
No full textTechnological advances in wireless electronics and algorithms have made it possible for us to have a plethora of assorted Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) nodes with diverse applications. Several recent developments have shown promise for the distinct nodes to be integrated and coordinate with each other despite having dissimilar hardware and protocol stacks. Some of the problems associated with the WSNs that have proven to be a major hurdle in their ubiquitous acceptance as the benchmark monitoring solutions are: energy consumption, scalability, reliability and security. All of these aspects demand thorough research; moreover, they also have a trade-off between each other, for instance, having a reliable system may demand an increase in energy consumption. Decreasing the energy consumption will in addition affect the range and scalability of the network. In this thesis the author has concentrated the research on integrating Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) nodes with the traditional WSNs, placing more emphasis on reducing overall energy consumption of monitoring applications. Due to the diversity of the available nodes, their requirements and resources are drastically different. This feature introduces a challenge to reduce the energy consumption of an overall application composed of these hybrid platforms. In particular, some challenging in-pipe monitoring applications have been proposed for industries utilizing RFIDs and other sensor nodes, mainly because of the high range of low frequency RFID tags and their magnetic induction property made it suitable for metallic in-pipe monitoring. In order to reduce energy consumption and increase the network life-time of the proposed inspiring monitoring scenarios, a realistic estimate of the energy consumptions of various nodes deployed in one application with given MAC protocols is absolutely necessary. Experimenting with actual sensor networks to determine energy consumption is both time-consuming and costly, particularly when these diverse nodes are deployed in one application. Normally, simulators are used to estimate the performance of these nodes. Despite the abundance of WSN simulators offered today, none can simulate the energy efficiency given several types of nodes and situations in one application. Hence, a simulation platform is needed for a blended deployment of distinct types of WSNs and RFIDs to access application performance requirements while curbing energy consumption to improve the application's lifetime. In order to overcome this lack, a distinctive WSN simulator was developed, which is a dynamic, platform independent, rapid prototyping and interoperable multi-environment simulation platform for RFID and WSNs. Future works involve extending the simulator by improving it in terms of both its performance and functions. Finally, the techniques of Cognitive Radio (CR) and Cooperative Networks (CN) are investigated to enhance the range and performance of the monitoring applications. These techniques include Energy Detector, used in CRs spectrum sensing, and re-generative relays, used in CN. These techniques improve performance and reliability for long range in-pipe communications.MASTER OF ENGINEERING (EEE
Exact Solutions of n+1 -Dimensional Space-Time Fractional Zakharov-Kuznetsov Equation
No full textIn this article, we study the n+1 -dimensional space time fractional Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation for calculating the exact solutions. For this purpose fractional derivative is used in the form of modified Riemann-Liouville derivatives. Complex fractional transformation is applied for transforming the nonlinear partial differential equation into another nonlinear ordinary differential equation. Exact solutions are obtained by using modified simple equation method and 1⁄G' -expansion method. Obtained solutions are new and may be of significant importance in the field of plasma physics to investigate the waves in the magnetized plasma and in the dust plasma
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