1,720,984 research outputs found
Integration of nanoporous structure into vertical organic field effect transistor / Muhammad Zharfan Mohd Halizan
Get PDFSince the last three decades, a lot of endeavours have been done by researchers to enhance the performance of Organic Field Effect Transistor (OFET) by altering the organic semiconductors properties through modifying the molecular/monomeric units or doping the semiconductor materials. The challenges are to increase the output current, to increase the ON/OFF ratio and to decrease the turn on voltage. Vertical Organic Field Effect Transistor (VOFET) is a new structure of OFET which has the vertical structure instead of lateral. By having the vertical designation, this type of transistor enabled to have way smaller channel length between drain and source which is in nanoscale compared to lateral OFET’s microscale. The current industrial market is focusing on the lateral OFET and therefore, by providing the alternative of vertical structure of organic material-based transistor, the enhancement can be achieved. For the first phase, the fabrication of in-situ anodic alumina template (AAO) directly onto glass substrate is realized. Uniformity and density of pore size, can be respectively tuned by varying the stirring speeds (0 – 300 rpm) and molarity of pore widening agent (0 – 10 % of phosphoric acid). Consequently, template with 100 rpm stirring rate has a better uniformity with 1540 pores compared to 0, 50 and 200 rpm. Furthermore, the pore widening technique using phosphoric acid is studied by varying its concentrations. Occurrence of merging pores is observed by increasing the molarity of acid to 10 % which unlikely to happen in the lower molarity of 5 % phosphoric acid. Porous alumina template will then be used to infiltrate vanadyl 2, 9, 16, 23-tetraphenoxy- 29H, 31H-phthalocyanine (VOPcPhO) prior to the formation of alumina:VOPcPhO nanocomposite. Studies of template production on top of different substrates are done with glass and ITO substrates. As the result, both of these substrates produced templates with almost similar total number of pores of 1540 and 1455 for glass and ITO substrate, respectively. In the second part, this work aims at improving the performance of VOFET by synthesizing the different morphology of dielectric layer; porous and non-porous to be used in the fabrication of 3-dimensional (3D) VOFET. To produce the 3D VOFET, porous alumina template is applied as to allow the replicating process between the template and P(VDF-TrFE) to occur. It is found that the replicating process has generated the porous structure of P(VDF-TrFE). The study on the VOFET fabrication is done where the preparation of dielectric layer (copolymer P(VDF-TrFE)), spin coating of silver nanowire, semiconducting material (VOPcPhO) and deposition of aluminium are carried out. Two systems are prepared in this study; (i) thin film copolymer (without the application of alumina template) and (ii) nanostructured copolymer (with the application of alumina template). VOFET without the porous has the current of 3.5 × 10−4 A obtained at drain-source voltage (VDS) of 25 V with the turn-on voltage of 10 V. Meanwhile, the VOFET integrated with porous recorded a better current of 2.0 × 10−3 A at VDS of 25 V with the turn-on voltage of 7 V. The novelty of this work is, the fabrication of nanostructured copolymer and its integration into VOFET which has enhanced the output currents and turn on voltages
Understanding the crystal structures, dielectric and optical properties of Sr2CaTeO6, SrLaLiTeO6, SrLa1-xNdxLiTeO6 and SrLaLiTe1-xMnxO6 double perovskites / Muhammad Zharfan Mohd. Halizan
Get PDFThe research carried out for this thesis has concentrated on double perovskite materials Sr2CaTeO6, SrLaLiTeO6, SrLa1-xNdxLiTeO6 (x=0.25, 0.50, 0.75) and SrLaLiTe1-xMnxO6 (x=0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.10) have been successfully prepared through conventional solid-state procedures. The single–phase monoclinic P21/n structure was determined from structural study for both Sr2CaTeO6 and SrLaLiTeO6 compounds. The morphological study exhibited an increase of grain sizes when the dopant is added until the maximum grain sizes achieved at concentrations of x=0.50 and x=0.08 in Nd– and Mn–doped SrLaLiTeO6, respectively
Hand sanitizer from fruit waste / Muhamad Hakimi Hussin, Ahmad Nur Hairul Hadzari and Muhammad Zharfan Ab Razak
Get PDFEco-enzyme is a multifunctional liquid produced from the fermentation of waste or organic waste, water, Aloe Vera as a thickness and moisturizer. Fermentation of eco-enzymes is carried out for 2-3months. The length of time fermentation effect is colour, aroma and pH. The fermentation times of the eco-enzymes utilized range between 2.5 months and 3 months. pH testing is a part of eco-enzyme analysis. pH duration for a fermentation that lasts 2.5 months is 3, compared to 1.5 for a fermentation that lasts 3 months. For each sample, a different dilution ratio was used: 1:40, 2:40, 3:40, 4:40, and 5:40. Based on the results and discussion of the analysis, the best samples obtained in hand sanitizer with an eco-enzyme fermentation length of 3 months and a dilution ratio of 5:40. It’s because not all hand sanitizer samples is meet to standard. Aloe Vera as a thickness and moisturizer is better that brown sugar because of some factors
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
“BackCare: Development of a Mobile Health Awareness Application for Back Pain Patients’”
Get PDFBack pain is one of the most neglected pains among adults and stretching is one of the best ways to prevent back pain in the long run for back pain patients. In this project, the author explores the prospective on how to improve the state of back pain patients through mobile technology. The main objective of this project is to explore the use of mobile for creating back care awareness among back pain patients. In addition, the objective is also to design and develop a mobile application on the Android operating system to accommodate back pain patients to have a companion which reminds and give the right guidance to improve their health state on back pain. Using Android Studio software, the author would develop a mobile application for Android named BackCare. BackCare is a mobile application that motivates the users to perform stretching through exercises provided. The Rapid Application Development (RAD) methodology is used for the development of this project. Surveys and interviews are the sources of data collection to gauge acceptance and opinions to analyze in terms of technology as well as its effectiveness. The results and recommendations were shared by the end of the project as a key milestone for future renditions of the project
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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