1,720,959 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
From Criticism to Extrimism: An Analysis of Boko Haram’s Approach to Modernism
Get PDFNigeria is a country which is full of ethno-religious and political conflicts. Many groups emerged and are, in one way or the other, causing unrest in the country especially: Oduduwa Peoples’ Congress (OPC), the Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra (MASSOB), the Igbo Youth Congress (IYC), Igbo Peoples’ Congress (IPC), Niger Delta Volunteer Force (NDVF), Niger Delta Resistant Movement (NDRM), Movement for the Survival of the Izon Nationality of the Niger Delta (MOSIEND), Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND) and others. However, in recent time, an Islamic group under the name of Boko Haram came into scene, and based their arguments on political and theological issues, claiming the revival of the Muslim community and restoring its caliphate nature. Their methods in confronting problems, their ideologies and their philosophical and political views can be compared with those of Islamic State (IS).This phenomenon has further thrown the entire northern parts of Nigeria into chaos and tumults. Many innocents, men and women, children and adults have been killed. This study therefore, attempts to explore the ideologies, the political and philosophical views and the aims and objectives of the Islamist movement with special reference to the movement of Boko Haram in the federal republic of Nigeria
David Samuel Margoliouth on prophet’s monotheism: evaluation of his imagination
Get PDFProphet Muhammad’s monotheistic nature has been among the most debated issues in Muslim-Christian relation. Muslims in general believe that he was monotheist before, during and after he was sent as a Prophet. To support this claim, they provide some historical accounts which were found in his annals describing him as monotheist. On their side, the critics, more specifically, the christian appologists hold the opinion that he was not monotheist before his mission. Some of them have added that he was not monotheist even during and after his mission. they asserted that he adopted and continued to perform some rituals which were nothing more than idolatry during his mission and died an idolater without any hope of salvation. In their efforts to substantiate this claim, they cite some historical accounts which, they argue, depict him as idolater. This research therefore, attempts to analyse and evaluate the views of a Christian scholar, David Samuel Margoliouth, on this issue. Studies on his views regarding it seem to be more descriptive than analytical and evaluative. That probably happened because the researchers have not singled him out as a case study. Thus, their studies, although are vital, imperative and relevant appear to be laconic and sketchy as a result of which they have left lots of loopholes. This research, therefore, aims to carry out a wider analysis and evaluation of his views on this issue. However, this is a library based study. It is, therefore, a qualitative research. Thus, the principal approaches namely historical, analytical, evaluative and comparative have been widely used. Historical approach has been used in deliberation on the Prophet’s monotheistic nature before and during his mission. Textual as well as analytical approaches have been adopted in exploring his views on the Prophet’s montheism. Evaluative and comparative approaches have been adopted in assessing his views from the Islamic and realistic viewpoints
Kenneth Cragg's appreciation of the Prophethood of Muhammad (PBUH): characterizing his theological framework
No full textPortrayal of Muhammad’s Prophethood has been a controversial theme in Muslim-Christian relations from medieval to contemporary periods. In medieval period, Prophet Muhammad (p.b.u.h) was generally portrayed negatively. However, in contemporary periods Christian attitudes towards Islam and Prophet Muhammad (p.b.u.h) started witnessing some paradigm shift. Their approaches began to shift from polemics to dialogue, from divergences to searching for commonalities and from hostilities to mutual relations. They began to delve into the biography and teachings of the Prophet (p.b.u.h) in a positive way and also appreciate his Prophethood based on their various understandings of his religious experiences. In connection to such a development, this article attempts to critically investigate and characterize the framework of Kenneth Cragg’s response to, and appreciation of Muhammad’s Prophethood. The article accentuates on his book Muhammad and the Christian: A Question of Response. This is because; this particular book varies from his earlier works and signifies a major change in his inter-religious engagement. Although his appreciation seems to be somewhat positive, there are some lapses, groundless assertions and inaccuracies which prompted the researchers to analyse and evaluate it
David Samuel Margoliouth’s views on the Prophethood (p.b.u.h) and revelation of the Qur’an: a critical assessment
Get PDFThe Prophethood of MuÍammad (p.b.u.h) and revelation of the Qur’Én have been the main themes in Muslim-Christian relations. Many works were and are published by Christian scholars regarding these issues. David Samuel Margoliouth (d. 1940) is one of the most prominent and intellectual Christian scholars who wrote extensively on these subjects. His works are amongst the most controversial treatises which depicted Prophet MuÍammad (p.b.u.h) and the revelation of the Qur’Én negatively. Researches on his views concerning these issues seem to be more descriptive than analytical and evaluative. Hence, in this research, a new and unique approach has been applied. The researcher has attempted, while investigating his evidence, to critically analyse and assess his various views concerning these areas. In an attempt to carry out this task, principal approaches, namely historical, analytical, evaluative and comparative have been widely used. Thus, after presenting a considerable account on his historical and intellectual backgrounds, the researcher has analysed his various views where Margoliouth has been found depicting the Prophet (p.b.u.h) as a superstitious, idolater, craven, immoral and even as a false Prophet whose main aim was to gain abslute power and personal distinction. Moreover, as regard to the the Qur’Én, Margoliouth has been found depicting the Prophet’s experiences during its reception as epileptic fits. He has also been found attempting to figure out some difficulties or problems in it. However, evaluation of those and his other views has revealed that, he was a mere conjecturer since all his evidence could not withstand critical examinations
Kenneth Cragg’s Assertion on the Notion of Incarnation in the Qur’ān: A Critical Appraissal
No full textAlthough Islam and Christianity differ respectively on the doctrine of Incarnation, i.e. God the Son or the Logos (Word), became flesh, whereby Islam rejects it completely, and Christianity affirms it uncompromisingly, one of the celebrated orientalists, Albert Kenneth Cragg, claims to have discovered its affinities in the Qur’anic text. His main point of this argument is Qur’anic text (33.56), where he asserts that the word “taṣliyah” shares the same notion with the Christian doctrine of Incarnation. Therefore, this article attempts to critically analyze and evaluate this claim. In the course of carrying out this task, historical approach has been adopted in deliberation on historical and intellectual backgrounds of Cragg. Textual as well as analytical approaches have been adopted in exploring his views on the existence of Incarnation in the Islamic text. Evaluative and comparative approaches have been adopted in assessing his views from the Islamic view point. The article concludes that Cragg’s attempt to discover the doctrine of Incarnation in the Qur’an is groundless, and that there is no, in any way, divinity in the personality of Muhammad (p.b.u.h)
Kenneth Cragg’s assertion on the notion of incarnation in the Qur’ān: a critical appraissal
No full textAlthough Islam and Christianity differ respectively on the doctrine of Incarnation, i.e. God the Son or the Logos (Word), became flesh, whereby Islam rejects it completely, and Christianity affirms it uncompromisingly, one of the celebrated orientalists, Albert Kenneth Cragg, claims to have discovered its affinities in the Qur’anic text. His main point of this argument is Qur’anic text (33.56), where he asserts that the word “taṣliyah” shares the same notion with the Christian doctrine of Incarnation. Therefore, this article attempts to critically analyze and evaluate this claim. In the course of carrying out this task, historical approach has been adopted in deliberation on historical and intellectual backgrounds of Cragg. Textual as well as analytical approaches have been adopted in exploring his views on the existence of Incarnation in the Islamic text. Evaluative and comparative approaches have been adopted in assessing his views from the Islamic viewpoint. The article concludes that Cragg’s attempt to discover the doctrine of Incarnation in the Qur’an is groundless, and that there is no, in any way, divinity in the personality of Muhammad (p.b.u.h)
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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