1,720,967 research outputs found
The role of live fish trade in the translocation of parasites: the case of Cystidicola farionis in farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
No full textCystidicola farionis is a nematode of the swim bladder that parasitizes Salmonidae and Osmeridae families, with a range of diffusion in Europe, Asia, and North America. During a fish health monitoring performed in July 2017 in a trout farm located in northwest Italy, a prevalence of 70% for C. farionis was recorded in rainbow trout from a unique tank. In order to clarify the first occurrence of this parasite in northwest Italy, a total of 180 specimens were analysed in different seasons to obtain prevalence, mean intensity, and mean abundance of infestation. Moreover, amphipods were also sampled during each fish sampling campaign. Only fish sampled in August 2017 were positive for C. farionis, since fish were then sold and replaced with a new batch. All isolated nematodes were identified by morphological criteria as subadults (L4), but not sexually matured. All examined amphipods (genus Gammarus) resulted negative for the presence of the parasite. The most probable explanation of this report was due to the movement of a single fish batch from northeast Italy, previously described as an endemic area for this parasite. The absence of the parasite in the amphipods and consequently in other fish batches from other tanks are due to the lifetime cycle of the parasite that had no time to infect new hosts
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Monitoraggio sanitario in popolazioni remote di Barbus balcanicus in Friuli-Venezia Giulia
No full textIl barbo balcanico, Barbus balcanicus, ha un ampio areale di distribuzione nell'Europa centro orientale. In Italia, la specie è presente nel bacino del fiume Isonzo che costituisce il limite nord occidentale del suo areale di distribuzione. La specie è betonica e gregaria: infatti, solitamente forma piccoli branchi che si spostano in prossimità del fondo. Alla luce della confusione generale della sistematica e tassonomia di questa specie e, vista la somiglianza con il barbo canino, nell'ambito di uno studio mirato alla conoscenza della biologia ed ecologia di questa specie è stato eseguito un monitoraggio sanitario delle popolazioni presenti in due corsi d’acqua appartenenti al bacino dell’Isonzo: torrente Barbucina e rio Piuma. Il campionamento, effettuato mediante elettrostorditore, ha previsto il prelievo di 30 esemplari nel periodo estivo - primaverile del 2017 e del 2018. Gli esemplari sono stati stoccati in contenitori di plastica e successivamente soppressi mediante un'overdose di MS-222. L’esame colturale è stato condotto direttamente dal rene: servendosi di un’ansa sterile da batteriologia è stato effettuato il prelievo; la semina è avvenuta per striscio su terreni di primo isolamento (Agar sangue e Tryptic Soy Agar). Le piastre ottenute sono state incubate a 22 ± 2°C per un massimo di 72 ore, trascorse le quali, se non si osservava crescita, l’esame veniva considerato negativo. In caso di crescita batterica, le colonie erano sottoposte alla colorazione di Gram e al test dell’ossidasi. La successiva identificazione biochimica è stata condotta tramite le gallerie API (bioMérieux). In tutti i soggetti non sono state evidenziate anomalie, segni clinici o alterazioni patologiche, anche se in numerosi soggetti è stata evidenziata
la presenza di microrganismi appartenenti al genere Aeromonas (A. hydrophila e A. sobria). È noto che tali microrganismi, ubiquitari negli ambienti acquatici, possano comportarsi in situazioni particolari da patogeni opportunisti causando patologie secondarie (ad esempio setticemie o ulcerazioni cutanee) e mortalità nei pesci. L’interpretazione degli isolamenti effettuati è da intendersi come una conseguenza alla diffusione post mortem della flora batterica comunemente presente sul tegumento e nell'apparato digerente del pesce oppure, ad abbassamento delle difese immunitarie degli stessi, con conseguente sopravvento di questi opportunisti negli organi interni come il rene. Questi tipi di monitoraggi pertanto, risultano estremamente importanti e dovrebbero essere estesi in più punti della rete fluviale e lacustre del nostro paese, in modo da conoscere le reali situazioni sanitarie delle varie popolazioni ittiche e valutare gli eventuali possibili rischi di introduzione o di trasmissione di patologie che possono veicolare
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Unusual localization of pennella sp. In swordfish (xiphias gladius) hearts
Get PDFThe genus Pennella comprises hematophagous parasites of marine aquatic species, including cephalopods, marine mammals, and pelagic fish. Nine species have been officially included in the genus Pennella plus another six species inquirendae. They are most often found in the host’s musculature, without penetrating internal organs. For the present study, 83 hearts from swordfish (Xiphias gladius) caught in the Mediterranean Sea were sampled and immediately fixed in formalin for histopathological analysis. In total, 10 (12.05%) hearts were found to be parasitized by copepods of the genus Pennella. Macroscopically, there was mild-to-severe fibrinous pericarditis with atrial wall thickening and multiple parasitic nodules. Histologically, the parasitic nodules were surrounded by an inflammatory-necrotizing reaction. Parasitic infestation by Pennella spp. is common in pelagic fish and in swordfish, in particular. Here, however, we report atypical cardiac localization. A future area of focus is the evaluation of cardiac Pennella spp. infestation by histopathology and genetic identification of the parasites
Draft genome sequence of rhodococcus qingshengii strain PN_19, isolated from a moribund individual of pinna nobilis in Sardinia, Italy
No full textDuring an epidemiological survey that aimed to discover the causes for the mass mortality of Pinna nobilis, a strain of Rhodococcus was found in a moribund individual. Here, we report its 7,037,134-bp draft genome sequence, which, after the annotation and genome survey, was identified as belonging to Rhodococcus qingshengii PN_19
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