105,751 research outputs found
The fall of Hosni Mubarak: Skocpol's structural approach
No full textThe recent Arab Spring movement in the Middle East and North Africa has been heralded as
a transition to democracy for a region plagued by authoritarian regimes and their durable
leaders. This paper seeks to understand why Hosni Mubarak, Egypt's former long-time
president, was forced from office during the early months of 2011. Influenced by recent work
in political scholarship on the Middle East, the Post-democratisation paradigm, seeks to
escape from the democratisation paradigm. Instead of viewing events as indicative of
inevitable democratisation in the region, the paper attempts to explain events in terms of
Skocpol's structural approach to revolution which can also be used to understand significant
social change. In line with the structural approach the paper provides a contextual and
narrative history of Egyptian politics, including opposition and protests, as a backdrop to the
events between the 25th of January and the 11th of February 2011 which led to Hosni
Mubarak leaving office. The paper exhibits structural contradictions in the Mubarak regime,
some of which would lead to tension in the elite. Specifically, it highlights tension between
the military and the Mubaraks over the matter of Gamal Mubarak's apparent succession of his
father. This explains why the military would not use coercive force to help maintain
Mubarak's power. It found that the social movement #January25 was successful at
maintaining momentum in the face of state repression, including an analysis of the role of
social media
Not as strong as we thought: The puzzling collapse of the Mubarak regime in Egypt
No full textAfter nearly thirty years in rule, the regime of Hosni Mubarak in Egypt was considered by many to be as 1Cimmovable as the pyramids 1D (Hamid 2011: 102). However, the collapse of this regime in 2011, following a mere eighteen days of protests stymied many scholars who began to question how such a revered 18pharaoh 19 could have fallen so abruptly. In this thesis, I try to provide an answer to this question. I hypothesise that the collapse of the Mubarak regime was facilitated by four developments, which, when combined, exposed the true hollowness of the regime 19s coercive and persuasive powers. These four developments were: the declining legitimacy of the Mubarak regime; the defection of key internal and external allies from the regime; the coalescence of a broad and unified opposition; and the strategic use of social media by that opposition. Through the development of a theoretical framework and the subsequent application of that framework to the case study of Egypt, this thesis finds that all four of these developments were present and did in fact facilitate the collapse of the Mubarak regime by revealing the regime 19s lack of coercive and persuasive powers
Exacerbation of an undiagnosed pre-existing lupus nephritis following an inactivated COVID-19 vaccination
No full textImplication for health policy/practice/research/medical education: There are reports of various renal complications following the administration of different types of COVID-19 vaccines. Further studies are required to investigate the associations and underlying pathogeneses. Please cite this paper as: Hassanzadeh S, Mubarak M, Akhavan Sepahi M, Nasri H. Exacerbation of an undiagnosed pre-existing lupus nephritis following an inactivated COVID-19 vaccination. J Nephropharmacol. 2022;11(1):e02. DOI: 10.34172/npj.2022.02. © 2022 The Author(s); Published by Society of Diabetic Nephropathy Prevention
Report on press conference between President Hosni Mubarak and President George H W Bush
No full textتقرير حول المؤتمر الصحفي بالقاهرة بين الرئيس المصري حسني مبارك و الرئيس الأمريكي جورج بوش الأب أكدان فيه على رد الغزو العراقي و تحرير الكويت. جاء بهذا التقرير إبراهيم عابدين.A report on the press conference in Cairo between Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak and US President George H. W. Bush in which they emphasized the response to the Iraqi invasion and the liberation of Kuwait. Report by Ibrahim Abdeen
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Egypt between the superpowers : continuity or change in Egyptian foreign policy under Mubarak.
No full textThis thesis deals with Egyptian foreign policy under
President Mohamed Hosni Mubarak. The emphasis is on
Egypt's orientation between the superpowers, and the
dilemma of continuity or change. The Egyptian leadership's
perception of their country's international and regional
role is discussed as it affects the foreign policy decisionmaking
process. We propose that a reassessment by the
Mubarak regime was made regarding Egypt's foreign policy
in the wake of Sadat's assassination with the desire to
break out of its isolation. Mubarak is presenting a
variation of Sadat's solution on how to balance an active
foreign policy with limited resources and serious economic
problems without becoming overly dependent on either
superpower. Our hypothesis is that Egyptian foreign policy
has not deviated markedly in content since Sadat / however
it has in style. Egypt continues to maintain a special
relationship with the United States, despite the recent
exchange of ambassadors with the Soviet Union and its
reassertion of the nonaligned principles as a guide to its
foreign policy.Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.Lieutenant, United States Navyhttp://archive.org/details/egyptbetweensupe109451929
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
Contribution of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Country’S H-Index
No full textThe aim of this study is to examine the effect of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) development on country’s scientific ranking as measured by H-index. Moreover, this study applies ICT development sub-indices including ICT Use, ICT Access and ICT skill to find the distinct effect of these sub-indices on country’s H-index. To this purpose, required data for the panel of 14 Middle East countries over the period 1995 to 2009 is collected. Findings of the current study show that ICT development increases the H-index of the sample countries. The results also indicate that ICT Use and ICT Skill sub-indices positively contribute to higher H-index but the effect of ICT access on country’s H-index is not clear
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