1,721,037 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Evaluación inmunogénica de los tumores de mama triple negativos en relación a la presencia o no de linfocitos intratumorales
Full text linkDepartament responsable de la tesi: Departament de Medicina.El cáncer de mama triple negativo es el subtipo que actualmente tiene el peor pronóstico de todos los cánceres de mama. Son un 15% de todos ellos, suelen aparecer en pacientes jóvenes y su progresión es tan rápida que un 70% fallece en los cinco primeros años. En los últimos años se ha visto que el sistema inmune juega un papel esencial en el control de los tumores, especialmente en aquellos agresivos y con un componente genético importante como es el cáncer de mama triple negativo. Mediante diferentes estudios, se ha demostrado que la presencia de linfocitos dentro del tumor al diagnóstico mejora notablemente el pronóstico de estas pacientes. Con este proyecto, queremos entender las causas porqué unas pacientes tienen esta infiltración inmune mientras que otras no. Si entendemos bien el origen que explique estas diferencias, podríamos aplicar tratamientos para inducir que las células inmunitarias vayan al tumor y ejerzan allí su función de vigilantes de la integridad del cuerpo humano. La hipótesis principal es que las células inmunitarias se han quedado retenidas en los ganglios linfáticos regionales a través de unos receptores o "frenos" inmunitarios. Para testar la hipótesis, se identificaron quince pacientes que tenían mucha infiltración de células inmunes y veinte que no tenían apenas ninguna. Se realizaron pruebas de inmunohistoquímica para reconocer cinco biomarcadores (los frenos inmunitarios) en el ganglio, y se ha podido probar que el CTLA-4 (del inglés Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Associated Protein 4) está más expresado en el ganglio de pacientes con poca infiltración en el tumor (p=0.01). Si en el futuro se administrara un anticuerpo anti-CTLA-4, podríamos testar si podemos desactivar el freno que retiene a los linfocitos. De esta manera podríamos favorecer la infiltración de linfocitos en el tumor y así poder eliminarlo.El cáncer de mama triple negativo es el subtipo que actualmente tiene el peor pronóstico de todos los cánceres de mama. Son un 15% de todos ellos, suelen aparecer en pacientes jóvenes y su progresión es tan rápida que un 70% fallece en los cinco primeros años. En los últimos años se ha visto que el sistema inmune juega un papel esencial en el control de los tumores, especialmente en aquellos agresivos y con un componente genético importante como es el cáncer de mama triple negativo. Mediante diferentes estudios, se ha demostrado que la presencia de linfocitos dentro del tumor al diagnóstico mejora notablemente el pronóstico de estas pacientes. Con este proyecto, queremos entender las causas porqué unas pacientes tienen esta infiltración inmune mientras que otras no. Si entendemos bien el origen que explique estas diferencias, podríamos aplicar tratamientos para inducir que las células inmunitarias vayan al tumor y ejerzan allí su función de vigilantes de la integridad del cuerpo humano. La hipótesis principal es que las células inmunitarias se han quedado retenidas en los ganglios linfáticos regionales a través de unos receptores o "frenos" inmunitarios. Para testar la hipótesis, se identificaron quince pacientes que tenían mucha infiltración de células inmunes y veinte que no tenían apenas ninguna. Se realizaron pruebas de inmunohistoquímica para reconocer cinco biomarcadores (los frenos inmunitarios) en el ganglio, y se ha podido probar que el CTLA-4 (del inglés Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Associated Protein 4) está más expresado en el ganglio de pacientes con poca infiltración en el tumor (p=0.01). Si en el futuro se administrara un anticuerpo anti-CTLA-4, podríamos testar si podemos desactivar el freno que retiene a los linfocitos. De esta manera podríamos favorecer la infiltración de linfocitos en el tumor y así poder eliminarlo.Triple Negative Breast Cancer is the tumor subtype that currently has the worst prognosis of all breast malignancies. This subtype represents 15% of all breast cancer, commonly appearing in young women, and progressing so rapidly that 70% of patients succumb within 5 years of diagnosis. In the last few years, it has been established that the immune system plays a key role in tumor control, especially among these most aggressive tumors demonstrating the triple negative component. Different studies have demonstrated that the presence of lymphocytes in the tumor at diagnosis significantly improves the prognosis of these patients. With this project, we would like to understand why some patients have this lymphocyte infiltration while others lack it. If we can explain the source of this difference, we might apply immunotherapeutic tools to induce immune cells to migrate into the tumor to perform their protective function. The main hypothesis is that immune cells are retained in regional lymph nodes via receptors acting as immune "brakes". To test this hypothesis, we identified fifteen patients with high immune cell infiltration and twenty with very low infiltration. We tested five antibodies with immunohistochemistry to identify biomarkers (the immune "brakes") within their lymph nodes and we discovered that CTLA-4 (Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Associated Protein 4) is more expressed in the lymph nodes among patients with very low immune infiltration within their tumors (p=0.01). In the future, we could administer an anti-CTLA-4 antibody to test whether we are able to deactivate the brake that restrains lymphocyte infiltration. If so, we could enable lymphocyte infiltration into the tumor bed with the aim of eliminating it
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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