88 research outputs found
AACR2 and catalogue production technology: The relevance of cataloguing principles to the online environment
No full textMore than thirty five years have passed since the Paris Conference and cataloguers have witnessed profound changes in many aspects of catalogue production technology and also in bibliographic control and access during this period of time. In comparison to the past, cataloguers are less involved in the design and production of catalogues and bibliographic databases particularly in terms of the interfaces, the types of indexes and the ways in which records and retrieval results are displayed. These changes and developments (see Appendix one) have presented cataloguers with some basic questions about the fundamental principles of record creation and catalogue construction.
Although present online catalogues are benefiting from more advanced hardware and software, there are still considerable, serious problems in searching, retrieval, and display of bibliographic information in present systems, which influence their functions and usefulness. This, as has been highlighted in the literature, may be because some of the present cataloguing principles and rules are inadequate, less relevant or irrelevant to the new electronic environment. A review of the literature of the last two decades indicates that, parallel to the increasing developments in online catalogues, the cataloguing community has been addressing the need for a re-thinking of cataloguing principles and rules in light of the new environment. It is often claimed that AACR2’s rules are based on concepts and principles from the pre-machine period and that they do not serve us well in giving guidance in the construction of electronic catalogues.
Given the influence of all the changes and developments in the world of catalogues and cataloguing, a fundamental re-examination of our cataloguing principles seems very necessary. In this paper some of the basic principles of AACR2 which have been highlighted in the literature as those most likely to be influenced by the new technology will be re-examined in the light of both the present and the potential characteristics and capabilities of the online environment. The aim is to examine the extent to which AACR2 matches or fails to match the capabilities of present systems and those of the near future, for searching, retrieval and display of bibliographic information. In other words, to address how catalogue form and production affects, or is in turn influenced by, the principles upon which AACR2 is based.
The approach used in this paper is to match individual capabilities of online catalogues with the basic principles of AACR2R. A major focus will be the basic concepts of the code’s principles, the logic of their application and the relationship of these principles to the logic of the online catalogue, as well as an examination of the types of principles and rules that are likely to change when moving from a manual catalogue to an online catalogue. In this regard, the needs and expectations of the different catalogue users are also taken into consideration
Religious Epistemology: A comparative study of Ghazi Azud al-Din Iji and Allameh Helliâs views
No full textThere is no doubt that religious knowledge, as part of human knowledge, could be a subject for epistemological researches and this is why a new discipline appeared called "religious epistemology". This branch of epistemology is in fact the result of application of epistemological approach to religious doctrines. Nowadays these issues are chiefly propounded by the philosophers of religion and often concern rationalism and fideism. Due to its general epistemic nature, religious knowledge is subjected to all general debates of epistemology. The peculiarities of this type of knowledge, nevertheless, have caused some particular issues to be propounded as to it beside the general and common issues and these new issues would have no application in other epistemic domain.
It seems that the concerns regarding consistent delineation of issues of religious epistemology are more colorful to Moslem theologians as compared to Moslem philosophers. Epistemology is less noticeable indeed in comprehensive philosophical works and issues of such bent are unsystematically dealt with in logic and through discussions concerning knowledge and psychology while among theologians one can see earnest endeavors to address these issues concerning religious knowledge.
The evidence to this is the fact that in most of theological works in middle and modern ages we find systematic collection of such debates; part of them are general epistemological issues like the essence of knowledge, kinds of knowledge, the quality of knowledge acquisition, skepticism, epistemic limitations, and so on and so forth, and some of them concern religious knowledge such as the necessity of deliberation on religious issues the first epistemic obligation and the like. For example, Nobakhti in the oldest Shiite theological books, i.e. Al-Yaghut, has discussed epistemological issues though in the shortest fashion.
Regardless of the value of specific ideas offered by theologians in this regard, it is noteworthy that in Islamic tradition theologians are more concerned regarding epistemological issues than philosophers. Theologians' debates of the definition of knowledge, its divisions, possibility of religious knowledge, skepticism, sources and methods of knowledge, truth, justification and the like, provides a suitable ground for analysis of theological ideas.
Considering the necessity of addressing the issues of religious epistemology according to theologians, this essay seeks to switch a comparative study of the epistemological ideas of Allama Helli and Azud Al-Din Iji. The results of this study show that both theologians have turned to significant issues in the domain of epistemology (in general) and religious epistemology (in particular) including the definition of knowledge, its kinds, the possibility of knowledge acquisition, definition of theory, the necessity of theory and so on and so forth. Although these two theologians share much regarding many epistemological issues there is still a point of diversity, i.e. their takings of the necessity of theory making. Following the mainstream Ashari thinkers Iji defends of the necessity of theorization as a Shariah prescribed reality but Allama Helli being a Shiah theologian who believes in rational good and evil sees this necessity as a rational one.
Needless to say this research is the first step taken in a course which does direly need to be noticed and trodden as before turning to the works of contemporary Moslem epistemologists and comparing them with the works of their western counterparts it is necessary to shed light on the neglected sides of the ideas of Moslem theologians and their strength in a systematic fashion. This essay is supposed to show the potentiality of Islamic epistemology for taking part in contemporary epistemological debates
Speciation of Tc(IV) in chloride solutions by capillary electrophoresis
No full textBrowse Search My Profile Activate Help Home > List of Issues > Table of Contents > Abstract Speciation of Tc(IV) in chloride solutions by capillary electrophoresis Author(s): Xiaolan Liu | Frédéric Poineau | Massoud Fattahi | Bernd Grambow | L. Vichot doi: 10.1524/ract.93.5.305.64276 View PDF article (245 K) View table of contents Email this link Add to my alerts What is RSS? Trouble viewing articles as PDF? Radiochimica Acta Print ISSN: 0033-8230 Volume: 93 | Issue: 5/2005 Cover date: 20050501 Page(s): 305-309 Abstract text A method for speciation of Tc(IV) species (TcCl62− and TcCl5(H2O)−) in chloride solutions, using capillary electrophoresis (CE) technique was developed. The proposed method has overcome the difficulties of unstable oxidation states analysis by shortening their travel time in the capillary. TcCl62− and TcCl5(H2O)− were thus separated without being hydrolyzed and polymerized, and their UV/Vis spectra were recorded. With a 1 M HCl/NaCl buffer solution (pH=1), the electrophoretic mobilities were determined as 5.47×10−4 cm2/Vs for TcCl62− and 2.13×10−4 cm2/Vs for TcCl5(H2O)− at 25 °C. The total analysis time for one run is 12 minutes
Developing a mathematical model for the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane in a fluidized bed reactor
No full textAn Approximate Analytical Solution for Electro-Osmotic Flow of Power-Law Fluids in a Planar Microchannel
No full textThe present investigation considers the fully developed electro-osmotic flow of power-law fluids in a planar microchannel subject to constant wall heat fluxes. Using an approximate velocity distribution, closed form expressions are obtained for the transverse distribution of temperature and Nusselt number. The approximate solution is found to be quite accurate, especially for the values of higher than ten for the dimensionless Debye-Huckel parameter where the exact values of Nusselt number are predicted. The results demonstrate that a higher value of the dimensionless Debye-Huckel parameter is accompanied by a higher Nusselt number for wall cooling, whereas the opposite is true for wall heating case. Although to increase the dimensionless Joule heating term is to decrease Nusselt number for both pseudoplastic and dilatant fluids, nevertheless its effect on Nusselt number is more pronounced for dilatants. Furthermore, to increase the flow behavior index is to decrease the Nusselt number for wall cooling, whereas the contrary is right for the wall heating case. Depending on the value of flow parameters, a singularity is observed in the Nusselt number values of the wall heating case.</jats:p
Synthesis, characterization and evaluations of TiO2 nanostructures prepared from different titania precursors for photocatalytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol in aqueous solution
No full textPreparation, evaluations and operating conditions optimization of nano TiO2 over graphene based materials as the photocatalyst for degradation of phenol
No full textModeling of Catalyst Deactivation in Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation of Phenol in Fixed Bed Three-Phase Reactor
No full textModeling and simulation of fixed bed three-phase
catalytic reactors are considered for wet air catalytic oxidation of
phenol to perform a comparative numerical analysis between tricklebed
and packed-bubble column reactors. The modeling involves
material balances both for the catalyst particle as well as for different
fluid phases. Catalyst deactivation is also considered in a transient
reactor model to investigate the effects of various parameters
including reactor temperature on catalyst deactivation. The
simulation results indicated that packed-bubble columns were
slightly superior in performance than trickle beds. It was also found
that reaction temperature was the most effective parameter in catalyst
deactivation
Hydrothermal synthesis of Fe-TiO 2 -Ag nano-sphere for photocatalytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP): Investigating the effect of hydrothermal temperature and time as well as calcination temperature
No full text- …
