1,720,973 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Welfare Digitale e Intelligenza Artificiale: Soluzioni Innovative per la Sanità Preventiva
No full textGli ambienti digitali rappresentano contesti ideali per sviluppare nuove politiche di welfare, grazie all'analisi di vasti insiemi di dati (Morley et al, 2022) e al loro uso strategico nei sistemi di Intelligenza Artificiale (AI). Tali dati si rivelano risorse indispensabili per interpretare attivamente gli interventi preventivi e di screening sulla salute pubblica (Gloinson et al, 2021).
Le organizzazioni ospedaliere, tuttavia, raccolgono prevalentemente dati patologici e spesso mancano di ampie informazioni sulla popolazione sana. Questa sottorappresentazione costituisce una significativa limitazione per l'efficacia delle nuove politiche di prevenzione sanitaria, che richiedono l'analisi di vasti insiemi di dati “sensibili”.
Questa presentazione esplorerà le strategie, le tecniche emergenti e le applicazioni pratiche di metodi come la data augmentation, il minority oversampling, il transfer learning e l'uso di dati sintetici (Gonzales et al, 2023) nei sistemi di intelligenza artificiale (AI) per la salute. Queste tecniche emergenti possono beneficiare in modi innovativi il settore del welfare digitale e superare i limiti dei dataset medici esistenti (Larsson e Teigland, 2021). Particolare attenzione sarà dedicata a come queste metodiche possano essere impiegate per sostenere programmi di prevenzione su larga scala
Aurora Scientific Committee on "Digital nomads: living in a society of digital enterprises". Aurora Network. Organizers: Vanden.Broek T.S., Malavolta I., Neth-ER June 14, 2022, Brussels.
No full textAlgorithms Multi-culture: a socio-tech-med approach to digital health and a few surveillance nightmares
No full textMy contribution concentrates on two main goals: first, I try to empirically deconstruct algorithms opacity by opening up their «black box» through my participation in an interdisciplinary group of experts. We designed an artificial intelligence project for the early prevention of heart stroke (AICARDIO). Secondly, I demonstrate to a non-expert audience how our (big) data feeds artificial intelligence algorithms easily and unnoticeably in our everyday lives. I reversed my role from being an observed «subject» of security surveillance to becoming a «designer» of algorithm technology for patients’ health surveillance, struggling to protect data privacy. I analyze several empirical examples (the meta-observer; without data, algorithms are useless; algorithmic literacy; the project’s soul; face emotion recognition; and privacy matters). Algorithms do not appear as SW-engineered instructions to carry out tasks. My research will show that the mediating processes of our interdisciplinary group of experts lead us to the construction of algorithms bridging the tension and mediation of multiple socio-tech-med cultures and human bias. The invisibility of AI-based surveillance technology seems to be a controversial issue in many domains, for example, home-based health monitoring systems. A heterogeneous ecosystem competes in complex human and non-human practices in algorithmic societies, creating an autopoietic ecosystem affecting our everyday lives, that still needs a rapidly evolving and human-centric AI governance
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
E-prescribing: Turning Innovation Aging Failure Into Success for Oncological Patients During Covid-19 pandemic
No full textInternational evidence shows several benefits of the "dematerialization" of medical prescription (e-prescribing) for stay-at-home elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, particularly in countries where digital health practices are already diffused (Koster et al., 2020; Craston et al., 2020; Urik et al., 2020). During the COVID-19 pandemic, newly introduced e-prescribing protocols in Italy aiming at avoiding contacts at the point of care and relying on user's availability of using ICT fail to reach the digitally illiterate, fragile, stay-at-home older population in great need of medications. This study presents original empirical findings (n=104) showing that interdigital agents' "invisible" work, securing medication availability to old people during the pandemic, may turn innovation aging failure into success. E-prescribing appears to affect social health relations by a) changing places of access to care (avoiding doctors' offices during the pandemic), b) creating new socio-tech networked connections among family doctors, patients, and caregivers, particularly when fragile stay-at-home patients suffer from an oncological condition and need chronic medication and care. Previous literature showed the importance of situational practice and informal work supporting aging care (Miele et al., 2020; Fornasini et al., 2016; Bruni e Gherardi, 2007) besides "formal" regulation. Building on the theoretical work of Mol (praxiography, 2002, 2010) and Murero (interdigital communication theory 2006, 2012), the presentation investigates with an ethnographic approach how e-prescription modifies trajectories (Glaser and Strauss,1968) and family care re-organization (Riemann and Schütze, 1991) around older people disproportionally affected by COVID-19 severe complications (Mueller et al., 2020)
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