9 research outputs found
Análisis de efectividad de la quimioterapia de inducción previo a quimioradioterapia contra quimioradioterapia preoperatoria en los pacientes con cáncer de recto no metastásico en Costa Rica tratados del 2007 al 2015
No full textUCR::Investigación::Sistema de Estudios de Posgrado::Salud::Especialidad en Oncología Médic
Análisis de efectividad de la quimioterapia de inducción previo a quimioradioterapia contra quimioradioterapia preoperatoria en los pacientes con cáncer de recto no metastásico en Costa Rica tratados del 2007 al 2015
No full textTesis (médico especialista en oncología médica)--Universidad de Costa Rica. Sistema de Estudios de Posgrado, 2018El cáncer de recto es de los cánceres más relevantes a nivel mundial y nuestro país no es la excepción. La mayoría de ellos se diagnostica como enfermedad localmente avanzada y, es la cirugía piedra angular del tratamiento. Sin embargo, por sí misma presenta una alta tasa de recurrencia que ha obligado a buscar tratamiento complementario con quimioterapia y radioterapia. En la actualidad, el tratamiento estándar constituye quimioradioterapia neoadyuvante seguido de cirugía. A nivel internacional existen estudios pequeños conducidos a valorar el beneficio de quimioterapia de inducción previo al tratamiento estándar, con el fin de mejorar la recurrencia y la supervivencia. Estos estudios son alentadores y de gran utilidad en nuestro contexto en donde en ocasiones es difícil de coordinar rápida y oportunamente la quimioradioterapia. Con el fin de establecer si la quimioterapia de inducción seguida de quimioradioterapia preoperatoria es superior a quimioradioterapia neoadyuvante en término de tasa de respuesta patológica completa, supervivencia libre de enfermedad o supervivencia global, se realizó el presente estudio. Se analizó un total de 310 pacientes con cáncer de recto localmente avanzado, 20 de ellos tratados con quimioterapia de inducción seguido de quimioradioterapia y 110 con pacientes tratados con quimioradioterapia neoadyuvante tratados en los hospitales clase A del país del 2007 al 2015. Se obtuvo como resultado un beneficio estadísticamente significativo en la tasa de respuesta patológica completa a favor del grupo de quimioterapia de inducción sin beneficio significativo en la recurrencia, supervivencia libre de enfermedad o supervivencia global. Se concluye que el tratamiento con quimioterapia de inducción es una opción eficaz en los pacientes con cáncer de recto localmente avanzado.UCR::Investigación::Sistema de Estudios de Posgrado::Salud::Especialidad en Oncología Médic
Morphological variability of embayed beaches along the Catalan coast
No full textNatural and man made embayment beaches are a common feature along the Catalan coast. Many of these embayment beaches have experience changes in shoreline position jeopardizing the protective and recreational functions of the beach. Therefore, an understanding of the morphological variability of this system is needed in order to facilitate an effective and sustainable coastal zone management. The present study was undertaken with the objectives of: 1) study the shoreline evolution of the Catalan coast, 2) determine medium term oscillation and the forcing mechanisms governing this process by means of a theoretical model and 3) evaluate the frequency of the theoretical model using the last 7 years of wave data. Data from nine sandy beaches along the Catalan coast consisted on previously define digitalized coastlines from the Environmental Ministry, the Cartographic Institute of Catalonia and satellite images from Google Earth. Results from the shoreline evolution showed that the embayed beaches of Catalonia presented a stable behavior, beaches with the same morphology followed a same trend in the stability test propose by Hsu, 1989. The results of beach mobility showed a non-uniform behavior of the sub-aerial beach width within a beach and along the Catalonian coast. The mayor difference between beaches was due to the orientation of the shoreline, the beach type and the exposure to wave conditions. Embayed beaches also exhibited a wide degree of beach rotation. Beaches with similar morphology show similar degrees of rotation. A theoretical model of the main configurations observed during the study period has been developed for each beach. Results showed that exposed beaches presented an anticlockwise, quasi-uniform and clockwise configuration, while semi-exposed beaches only show a higher anticlockwise and a lower anticlockwise configuration. In the analysis of wave forces on the embayment, it has been observed that wave direction was the primary forcing mechanism that generated changes in beach configuration (e.g. beach rotation), however the combination of wave height, period and direction where the responsible of the response time of the beach to a new configuration. The percentage of occurrence of the wave climate during 2001 to 2007 suggested that some beaches have tendency towards one configuration, in most cases to a higher anticlockwise rotation. Differences between beaches can be attributed to the shelter nature of the beach, the orientation and the effect of the natural or man made headland.CoMEM - Coastal and Marine Engineering and ManagementSection Hydraulic EngineeringCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Auditoría financiera para determinar la razonabilidad de los estados financieros en funerales Gonzalo Mendoza Cía. Ltda., período 2018
No full textABSTRACT
The present study is entitled "FINANCIAL AUDIT TO DETERMINE THE REASONABILITY OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AT GONZALO MENDOZA FUNERAL HOME CÍA. LTDA., PERIOD 2018". The purpose of executing a financial audit for this company is to determine the reasonableness of the financial information for 2018.
The methodology used by the author to achieve the results was the inductive method. The research was documentary since both accounting and bibliographic documentation was analyzed. The design was non-experimental, assumed a quantitative and qualitative approach, and its level was descriptive. The present study worked with two types of population, documentary and human resources.
Finally, the phases of the financial audit were developed. In the Planning phase, a previous visit to the company was necessary to obtain the required information to establish the audit. In the Execution phase, each of the selected components was analyzed, and the findings were determined. In the last stage, which is the communication of results, a final audit report was made in which an opinion was given on the reasonableness of the financial information of the company Gonzalo Mendoza Funeral Home Cía. Ltda.
Key words: Audit, Financial Information, Reasonableness.
Reviewed by: MsC. Adriana Cundar PhD.
ENGLISH PROFESSOR
c.c. 1709268534RESUMEN
El presente trabajo investigativo titulado “AUDITORÍA FINANCIERA PARA DETERMINAR LA RAZONABILIDAD DE LOS ESTADOS FINANCIEROS EN FUNERALES GONZALO MENDOZA CÍA. LTDA., PERÍODO 2018”, tiene como propósito ejecutar una Auditoría Financiera para determinar la razonabilidad de la información financiera del período 2018.
La metodología empleada por el autor para alcanzar los resultados fue el método inductivo, la investigación fue documental ya que se analizó documentación tanto contable como bibliográfica, el diseño fue no experimental, asumió un enfoque cuantitativo y cualitativo, y su nivel fue descriptivo se trabajó con dos tipos de población, documental y de recursos humanos.
Finalmente se desarrolló las fases de la Auditoria financiera, en la Planificación se realizó una visita previa a la empresa para obtener información necesaria para el desarrollo de la Auditoria, en la fase de la Ejecución se analizó cada uno de los componentes seleccionados y se determinó los hallazgos y en la última fase que es comunicación de Resultados se realizó un informe final de auditoría en el cual se dio una opinión sobre la razonabilidad de la información financiera de la empresa Funerales Gonzalo Mendoza Cía. Ltda.UNACH,Ecuado
Financiamiento para emprender en Costa Rica 2023
No full textEl estudio Financiamiento para emprender en Costa Rica 2023 tiene como objetivo conocer la percepción de las personas emprendedoras de Costa Rica sobre el acceso y la oferta de financiamiento para el emprendimiento mediante la caracterización del perfil sociodemográfico de las personas emprendedoras del país; la identificación del nivel de conocimiento y experiencia de las personas con respecto a la
oferta y acceso a instrumentos de financiamiento para emprendimiento; el nivel de conocimiento de las necesidades de financiamiento de las personas emprendedoras del país y la identificación de los principales obstáculos y limitaciones que enfrentan las personas emprendedoras para acceder a recursos financieros en Costa Rica.The objective of the study Financing for Entrepreneurship in Costa Rica 2023 is to determine the perception of Costa Rican entrepreneurs regarding access to and supply of financing for entrepreneurship by characterizing the sociodemographic profile of the country's entrepreneurs; identifying their level of knowledge and experience with respect to the supply of and access to financing instruments for entrepreneurship; the level of knowledge of the financing needs of the country's entrepreneurs; and identifying the main obstacles and limitations faced by entrepreneurs in accessing financial resources in Costa Rica.Universidad Nacional, Costa RicaVicerrectoría de Investigació
SARS-CoV-2 vaccine booster in solid organ transplant recipients previously immunised with inactivated versus mRNA vaccines: A prospective cohort study
No full textBACKGROUND: Solid-organ transplant (SOT) recipients have worse COVID-19 outcomes than general population and effective immunisation in these patients is essential but more difficult to reach. We aimed to determine the immunogenicity of an mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine booster in SOT recipients previously immunised with either inactivated or homologous SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine. METHODS: Prospective cohort study of SOT recipients under medical care at Red de Salud UC-CHRISTUS, Chile, previously vaccinated with either CoronaVac or BNT162b2. All participants received a BNT162b2 vaccine booster. The primary study end point was anti-SARS-CoV-2 total IgG antibodies (TAb) seropositivity at 8-12 weeks (56-84 days) post booster. Secondary end points included neutralising antibodies (NAb) and specific T-cell responses. FINDINGS: A total of 140 (50% kidney, 38% liver, 6% heart) SOT recipients (mean age 54 [13.6] years; 64 [46%] women) were included. Of them, 62 had homologous (three doses of BNT162b2) and 78 heterologous vaccine schedules (two doses of CoronaVac followed by BNT162b2 booster). Boosters were received at a median of 21.3 weeks after primary vaccination. The proportion achieving TAb seropositivity (82.3% vs 65.4%, P = 0.035) and NAb positivity (77.4% vs 55.1%, P = 0.007) were higher for the homologous versus the heterologous group. On the other hand, the number of IFN-γ and IL-2 secreting SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cells did not differ significantly between groups. INTERPRETATION: This cohort study shows that homologous mRNA vaccine priming plus boosting in SOT recipients, reaches a significantly higher humoral immune response than inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine priming followed by heterologous mRNA booster. FUNDING: School of Medicine, UC-Chile and ANID. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT0512450
Identidad territorial, globalización y patrimonio
No full textEl presente libro analiza la relación entre los tres con¬ceptos que dan cuerpo a su nombre, con el fin parti¬cular de examinar los impactos que la globalización ha traído sobre el patrimonio construido. Con ello busca explorar los posibles caminos que, para la re¬flexión académica, la investigación aplicada o la polí¬tica pública, pudieran derivarse de las reflexiones que al respecto concentra aquí la mirada de numerosos investigadores provenientes de distintos países.
Sobre el particular, el trabajo ofrece un marco con¬ceptual desde donde se ha abordado el fenóme¬no, y a partir del cual se analizan temas como el pensamiento en red; los conflictos socio espaciales que genera el turismo; la relación entre identidad y memoria histórica, así como entre patrimonio y de¬rechos humanos; las tensiones y dilemas que sobre la identidad y el patrimonio trae la globalización y, finalmente, el tema del, denominado en el trabajo, “pensar situado”, como condición a la hora de estu¬diar y entender lo que frente al tema ocurre en cada contexto. Enfoque desde el cual se analizan casos en España, Portugal, Italia, Colombia, Perú, Ecuador, Brasil, Uruguay, Argentina, México, Croacia y, entre otros, Turquía, país, este último, donde los investiga¬dores en pleno efectuaron un trabajo de campo que, junto con las exploraciones en otros contextos, per¬mitió contrastar la teoría con la práctica y extrapolar desde aquí sus conclusiones.1a.Resumen-Abstract.
CAPÍTULO 1. Identidad territorial: Elementos transversales y temas críticos, a manera de preámbulo y marco científico.
CAPÍTULO 2. Identidad territorial y globalización: Pensar en red. Un reto y un compromiso.
CAPÍTULO 3. Morir de éxito. Conflictos socioespaciales del turismo globalizado en ciudades patrimoniales.
CAPÍTULO 4. El patrimonio industrial y su compleja puesta en valor: Identidades y memorias en disputa.
CAPÍTULO 5. Patrimônio e direitos humanos: A ação do icomos no caso de Bento Rodrigues.
CAPÍTULO 6. Tensiones y dilemas de la identidad y el patrimonio en tiempos de globalización
CAPÍTULO 7. Identidad territorial, globalización y patrimonio en el valle del Colca, Arequipa, Perú.
CAPÍTULO 8. O dilema da patrimonialização em tempos de globalização: Cidade de Paraty, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
CAPÍTULO 9. Territorialización del paisaje cultural mexicano. Imaginarios y realidades ante la globalización.
CAPÍTULO 10. Temas críticos en la relación entre identidad territorial, globalización y patrimonio.
CAPÍTULO 11. Pensar situado, identidad territorial y patrimonio.
CAPÍTULO 12. Tensiones y desafíos para las relaciones entre lo local y lo globa
Leyendas Urbanas Ecuatorianas. Historias de una generación: Volumen 1
No full textThe prologue of the book "Ecuadorian Urban Legends: Stories of a Generation, Volume 1" invites readers to explore the rich tradition of urban legends in Ecuador, highlighting their importance as part of the country\u27s cultural heritage. The author reflects on how these stories, passed down from generation to generation, have shaped national identity and offers a moving look at their power to connect the past and present of Ecuadorian society, thus setting the stage for a fascinating journey through the mysterious narratives presented in the book.
The first chapter, "The Carbunco and its Treasure," delves into the rich tradition of Ecuadorian urban legends, presenting the fascinating story of a mythical creature known as the Carbunco, whose manifestations in different forms and regions of the Ecuadorian Sierra have shaped the cultural identity of the country. Described as a black dog or cat with a red crystal on its forehead and eyes that can paralyze anyone who sees them, the Carbuncle embodies the duality of blessing and curse, granting a treasure in the form of a golden ball encrusted with precious stones to those who receive it with gratitude and disinterest, while it punishes greed with the disappearance of treasure and suffering. This narrative, full of mystery and meaning, reflects the deep connection between urban legends and Ecuadorian collective identity, where the pure hearts are rewarded and the ambitious are punished, taking the reader on a captivating journey through culture and history. of the country.
The legend of "Colambo and Ahuaca" tells of the rivalry between two hills, where Colambo, boasting wealth, and Ahuaca, apparently less favored, face each other in a battle of egos. After an epic fight, the Colambo loses everything beautiful due to his arrogance, while the Ahuaca wins what really matters. The moral highlights how vanity leads to loss, while humility can lead to true wealth.
The legend of the Chupacabra, a fearsome creature described as a small animal covered in hair with sharp claws and red eyes that glowed like flames, spread terror in our region. It was said to come out of hiding in the dead of night to feed on the blood of animals, leaving them without a drop and with mysterious marks on their necks. One night, great-grandfather, while watching over his flock, confronted this creature, shooting it with his shotgun when he saw it eating one of his sheep. Although the Chupacabra disappeared after this encounter, the legend endures as a mystery rooted in our tradition.
In Arenillas, in 1941, the enigmatic "Cábula" appeared, whose real name was Don Belisario Mora Carpio. With unique skills in gambling, he accumulated wealth, fueling rumors of a pact with the devil. After his mysterious death, his residence was deserted, generating speculation about his legacy. Years later, a woman claimed to be his long-lost sister, sparking a dispute over his inheritance. Although his residence is now a candy store, locals whisper of Cábula\u27s laments, suggesting that the pact with the devil continues to haunt his legacy in the shadows of Arenillas.
At the Eduardo Rivas Ayora Coliseum, René and Daniel met the mysterious "Lady of Guabizhun." After a scare caused by a gust of wind, René performed a protection ritual and saw the lady, a witch who revealed her secret of meeting with others in a lagoon in Guabizhun during the nights of the full moon. Despite the initial fear, the lady told them about her life and promised not to bother them again. René and Daniel agreed to keep the meeting secret, thus sealing their commitment to silence about the mysteries of Guabizhun.
In Huaquillas, the legend of the "White Tree" tells the story of a humble family and the brave dog, “Lucesita”. After her tragic death, saving the family\u27s youngest daughter, Lucesita was buried in the patio, where a white tree grew. It is said that this tree, visible only to children, is a gift from the deceased wife “Rosa”, to protect and care for her family from the afterlife, transmitting peace and eternal love.
The legend of "The Stone of Pungo-Huayco". In an attempt to cross the Santa Bárbara River, some little devils tried to carry a gigantic stone from the La Unión parish to the Las Cuadras sector, but they failed and the stone was trapped in Pungo-Huayco. It is said that devils live in the stone and that voices are heard near it at night, which led some people to make pacts with the devil in search of fortune. The locals, disturbed by the voices, placed a cross on top of the stone, thus bringing peace to the community and putting an end to the disturbing murmurs.
The legend of "La Tunda Margarita" tells of the arrival of a circus to El Tambo, where a bear named Margarita escapes from her cage. Despite the initial scare, Margarita is found by her trainer and becomes a heritage figure of the canton. Dressed in cowhide and a bear mask, Margarita is an important part of the local culture. Every year, during the Christmas season, the inhabitants dress up as the Tunda Margarita and walk the streets, juggling and answering questions about local traditions, while the tamer receives financial contributions from the community, thus ensuring the continuity of this beautiful tradition.
The Widow of Farms. In the parish of Chacras, tragedy struck Carmen, a dedicated widowed mother whose life changed forever after a brutal encounter with a taxi driver. Since then, the residents of Huaquillas whisper about a mysterious lady who appears at the intersection, luring drivers to their tragic fate. The brave people who face this macabre vision find themselves in nothingness, leaving only an echo of the tragedy that still resonates in the legend of "The Widow of Chacras."
Taita Buerán and Mama Zhinzhona. In Quinoapata, the "Taita Buerán" is a sacred place where the lack of rain can lead to death from hunger and thirst. He is said to take human form, rewarding kind people with part of his wealth. When he fights with his wife, Mama Zhinzhona, the fog and cold dominate the hill. Encounters with Taita Buerán are rare, but those who are worthy can enter his house on the hill and be rewarded. Mama Zhinzhona, jealous, punishes the intruders by sending waves and thunder to drown them in the lagoons that surround her hill. Farmers ask the Taita Buerán for permission before planting, believing that his approval guarantees a good harvest, while his rejection results in devastating frosts.
The Legend of the Virgin of Rocío. In the canton of Biblián, province of Cañar, stands the Zhalao hill, home of the sanctuary of the Virgen del Rocío, whose origin dates back to 1893. During a devastating drought, the community, desperate due to the scarcity of water and food, resorted to the prayer. A priest, together with the locals, implored a small image of the Virgin, placing it in a cave on the hill. On January 20, 1894, a drop of water marked the beginning of the miracle. The drought ceased, the crops revived and the grateful community built a sanctuary in honor of the Virgen del Rocío, becoming a destination of pilgrimage and devotion to this day.
The Crash Lagoon. In the Azogues canton, San Marcos parish, is the Chocar lagoon, a place for fishing and tourism. The legend dates back to the San Rodrigo hacienda in the 1860s, where Chocar, a young worker, fell in love with the boss “Don Rodrigo Peralta”. When she became pregnant, she was rejected and her son, Jesús Rodrigo, was murdered. Heartbroken, Chocar drowned in the lagoon, and since then it is said that she sinks 3-year-old children who approach its shore. Locals avoid visiting it with children and consider it a cursed place.
The San José Bridge. In the area between Azogues and Biblián, the San José Bridge keeps a mysterious legend. During the weekend nights, festivities were held where the talented musician Mr. Castro, hired to play his concertina, had an unusual experience. After a journey that took him to an unknown location, he spent three days playing for an otherworldly audience. Upon returning, he discovered that the money he had earned had been transformed into leaves, disconcerting everyone and fueling beliefs about the magic of the bridge.
Maria the Guagua. In the 70s, in Cuenca, María was desperately looking for work. Employed by a demanding boss, she became pregnant after a tragic incident and was fired. Without a home or help, she gave birth on the street, losing her son shortly after. In her pain, she turned a rag into a doll, called "María la Guagua", clinging to her maternal love even in madness, while the neighbors mocked.
The Ghost of Malecón 2000. On an October night in 1987, a couple decides to walk along the Malecón 2000 in Guayaquil. As they walk toward the dock, they encounter a series of mysterious occurrences, including lanterns going out and cockroaches heading toward an antique box with an ominous seal. By touching the seal, they unleash a supernatural event that leads them to an encounter with a female ghost. In a desperate attempt to save his beloved, the young man seals away the evil, but at a high price: his own soul. Today, it is said that his lament can still be heard at night on Malecón 2000.
The Macaws. In ancient times, during a great flood in Azuay and Cañar, two brothers survived by taking refuge in a cave. Surprised by mysterious delicacies, they discovered that two macaws were transformed into beautiful women. Grateful, they married the brothers, repopulating the region and turning the macaws into sacred birds.
Naún Briones: The Lojano Justice. Naún Briones, born more than a century ago in the province of Loja, became a symbol of the fight against injustice. From his youth, he faced poverty and abuse, which led him to join a gang of bandits. After years of success, he returned to his town to take revenge on those who had mistreated him and help those in need. With courage and determination, Naun became a leader who robbed the rich to help the poor, taking justice for himself. Despite his love for Dolores and his home in Sozoranga, he was persecuted by law enforcement and ended up committing suicide in 1935, leaving a legacy divided between the love of the people and the hatred of the rich.
Los Gagones: Legend of the Ecuadorian Sierra. The legend of the Gagones in the Ecuadorian Sierra narrates the presence of mythical creatures that embody the lost souls of those who had forbidden relationships, such as incest or between compadres. These entities, which initially resemble dog puppies at dawn and transform into dark black beings at night, seek help in neighboring homes and can only be assisted by pure souls, marking those who touch them with impurity on their faces. knees, highlighting the importance of respect and harmony in the region\u27s ancestral culture.
The legend of "El Borracho" tells the tragic story of Emiliano, a man whose life was marked by excessive alcohol consumption and the terrible consequences that this brought. Trapped in a cycle of excesses and bad decisions, Emiliano ended up causing the death of an innocent woman in a traffic accident while driving under the influence of alcohol. Although he attempted to flee the repercussions of his actions, his conscience and the ghostly figure of the deceased woman tormented him until the end, leading him to a premature and lonely death. This legend serves as a warning about the dangers of alcoholism and the importance of making responsible decisions in life.
The legend of "The Enchanted Lagoon of Saguin" tells how a couple of soldiers are trapped by the charm of the lagoon during their trip. The soldier\u27s wife mysteriously disappears while she is combing her hair by the lagoon. Despite the soldier\u27s attempts to save her, the woman never returns. Since then, the lagoon continues to attract travelers with its charm, revealing its true nature only at noon, when it shows a fleeting glimpse of the missing woman.
La leyenda de Pailarumi narra la historia de un cerro habitado por los Incas, quienes adoraban una gran Olla de Oro como símbolo de riqueza. Los españoles, al enterarse de esto, planean saquear las riquezas de los Incas y los atacan. Sin embargo, cuando intentan llevarse la Olla de Oro, una tormenta feroz cae sobre ellos. Un rayo golpea la olla, haciéndola desaparecer en la tierra. Los españoles regresan horrorizados y el lugar recibe el nombre de Pailarumi, donde se dice que permanece el agujero dejado por la olla perdida.
La leyenda del Taxista del Crucifijo narra la experiencia de Arturo, un taxista conocido por llevar consigo un crucifijo de madera en sus viajes nocturnos. Una noche, un pasajero misterioso le pide ir al puente San José, donde se abre una montaña revelando un lujoso interior. Al recibir tres monedas de oro como pago, Arturo ve al pasajero transformarse en un ser espeluznante. Con su crucifijo, logra escapar del puente que se desmorona, liberando a las personas encadenadas que eran ovejas y convirtiendo las monedas en excremento. Arturo agradece a Dios por salvarlo y la historia se convierte en una leyenda que ahuyenta a otros taxistas de la zona.
Pigs with red eyes. In the quiet "El Calvario" neighborhood of Azogues, an ancient legend was whispered about pigs with red eyes, possessed by evil spirits. According to what they say, a young witch named Magdaleno performed dark rituals to transfer these spirits to the pigs of the Elegremana farmer. On full moon nights, the pigs became restless and their eyes took on a red hue, triggering strange phenomena in the town. The fearful villagers banded together to search for an amulet that would break the connection between the spirits and the pigs. After finding it and performing a ritual, they managed to free the pigs from the evil influence, but the legend persists as a warning about the dark forces that can hide even in apparent tranquility.
The Legend of Urku Tayta. In the remote neighborhood "El Calvario" of Azogues, the legend of Urku Tayta kept the inhabitants in suspense. According to what they say, a couple separated on the route to Chaguanapamba and the wife was supposedly kidnapped by the guardian of the route, Urku Tayta, the sacred mountain. In a dream, she instructed her husband on how to defeat him: with a machete, while he was sleeping at midnight. After the birth of their son, they left him in the Espíndola ravine, where he mysteriously disappeared. According to oral tradition, the boy grew up in a cave in the ravine, protecting the place with the machete that was never stained with blood again. The story of Urku Tayta endures as a reminder of the mysterious forces that lurk in the dark nights of the Cañar.
The Legend of María Angula. María Angula, a naughty girl from a town in Ecuador, decided to trick her mother by not buying tripe as she had asked her to do. Instead, he dug up the guts of a recently deceased person from the cemetery and brought them home. However, that night, a ghost visited her demanding that she return the guts stolen from her grave. Since then, María Angula disappeared without a trace, becoming an unsolved legend in the region.
The Meeting on the Cross. Since my childhood, stories of witches in Paccha were common, but I never thought I would witness something so terrifying. One night, with friends at the "La Cruz" viewpoint, we heard strange sounds and saw a dark and distorted figure dancing in the starry sky. The atmosphere was filled with tension as the figure approached the town, leaving us trapped in a trance of amazement and terror, facing a reality that defied all explanation.
The Guabishun Lagoon. Near the town of Solano, the Castillo hacienda, owned by the wealthiest family, contrasted with the humility of the García family. When Álvaro García\u27s daughter fell ill, he sought help at the hacienda, but was rejected. Upon returning home, a storm flooded the ranch, taking the entire Castillo family with it. The next day, a lagoon had replaced the hacienda, and the night whispers spoke of the family\u27s laments. Since then, the Guabishun lagoon is feared, believing that the soul of Don Manuel stalks it.
Tembladera Lagoon. In Bellavista, José Araujo encounters a mysterious light next to the lagoon. An old woman offers him a choice between her and her golden comb. By opting for the comb, he saves himself from an uncertain fate. The next day, José thanks him for his choice, understanding that not everything that glitters is gold.
Secret of the Waterfall. In Santa Isabel, the waterfall witnesses a nocturnal transformation, where creatures emerge and ask for tributes. The light under the bridge leaves everyone wondering if it is the portal to their home. The community wonders about this phenomenon, fueling intrigue and amazement.
The Mysteries of a Golden City - "The Three Picachos". The mountain of Los Tres Picachos hides an unattainable golden city, shrouded in mysteries and dangers. Over the centuries, it has captivated explorers and dreamers, defying greed and ambition with its jealously guarded secrets.
In short, these fascinating stories transport us to worlds full of mystery, magic and suspense. From the disturbing legend of the Guabishun Lagoon to the enigma of Los Tres Picachos, each story immerses us in a universe where the supernatural is intertwined with the everyday, leaving an indelible mark on our imagination.
Do you dare to delve into these fascinating stories and discover the secrets they contain? Immerse yourself in reading this book and let yourself be enveloped by the mystery that awaits on each page. Get ready for an unforgettable experience full of excitement and suspense!
Larry Torres
Resumen
El prólogo del libro "Leyendas Urbanas Ecuatorianas: Historias de una Generación, Volumen 1" invita a los lectores a explorar la rica tradición de las leyendas urbanas en Ecuador, destacando su importancia como parte del patrimonio cultural del país. El autor reflexiona sobre cómo estas historias, transmitidas de generación en generación, han moldeado la identidad nacional y ofrece una mirada conmovedora sobre su poder para conectar el pasado y el presente de la sociedad ecuatoriana, preparando así el escenario para un fascinante viaje a través de las misteriosas narrativas que se presentan en el libro.
El primer capítulo, "El Carbunco y su Tesoro", se sumerge en la rica tradición de las leyendas urbanas ecuatorianas, presentando la fascinante historia de una criatura mítica conocida como el Carbunco, cuyas manifestaciones en diferentes formas y regiones de la Sierra ecuatoriana han moldeado la identidad cultural del país. Descrito como un perro o un gato negro con un cristal rojo en la frente y ojos que pueden paralizar a quien los vea, el Carbunco encarna la dualidad de bendición y maldición, otorgando un tesoro en forma de bola de oro incrustada con piedras preciosas a aquellos que lo reciben con gratitud y desinterés, mientras que castiga la avaricia con la desaparición del tesoro y el sufrimiento. Esta narrativa, llena de misterio y significado, refleja la profunda conexión entre las leyendas urbanas y la identidad colectiva ecuatoriana, donde los corazones puros son recompensados y los ambiciosos son castigados, llevando al lector a un viaje cautivador a través de la cultura y la historia del país
La leyenda del "Colambo y la Ahuaca" relata la rivalidad entre dos cerros, donde el Colambo, ostentando riquezas, y la Ahuaca, aparentemente menos favorecida, se enfrentan en una batalla de egos. Tras una pelea épica, el Colambo pierde todo lo bello por su arrogancia, mientras que la Ahuaca gana lo que realmente importa. La moraleja destaca cómo la vanidad conduce a la pérdida, mientras que la humildad puede conducir a la verdadera riqueza.
La leyenda del Chupacabras, una criatura temible descrita como un animal pequeño cubierto de pelo con garras afiladas y ojos rojos que brillaban como llamas, sembraba el terror en nuestra región. Se decía que salía de su escondite en la oscuridad de la noche para alimentarse de la sangre de animales, dejándolos sin una gota y con marcas misteriosas en el cuello. Una noche, el bisabuelo, al vigilar su rebaño, se enfrentó a esta criatura, disparándole con su escopeta cuando vio que se comía una de sus ovejas. Aunque el Chupacabras desapareció luego de este encuentro, la leyenda perdura como un misterio arraigado en nuestra tradición.
En Arenillas, en 1941, apareció el enigmático "Cábula", cuyo nombre real era don Belisario Mora Carpio. Con habilidades únicas en los juegos de azar, acumuló riquezas, alimentando rumores de un pacto con el diablo. Tras su misteriosa muerte, su residencia quedó desierta, generando especulaciones sobre su legado. Años después, una mujer afirmó ser su hermana perdida, desatando una disputa por su herencia. Aunque su residencia ahora es una confitería, los lugareños susurran sobre los lamentos de Cábula, sugiriendo que el pacto con el diablo continúa atormentando su legado en las sombras de Arenillas.
En el coliseo Eduardo Rivas Ayora, René y Daniel se encontraron con la misteriosa "Dama de Guabizhun". Después de un susto causado por una ráfaga de viento, René realizó un ritual de protección y vio a la dama, una bruja que reveló su secreto de reunirse con otras en una laguna de Guabizhun durante las noches de luna llena. A pesar del miedo inicial, la dama les contó sobre su vida y prometió no volver a molestarlos. René y Daniel acordaron mantener en secreto el encuentro, sellando así su compromiso de silencio sobre los misterios de Guabizhun.
En Huaquillas, la leyenda del "Árbol Blanco" cuenta la historia de una familia humilde y la valiente perrita, “Lucesita”. Después de su trágica muerte, al salvar a la hija menor de la familia, Lucesita fue enterrada en el patio, donde creció un árbol blanc
Organización comunitaria frente a las lógicas del desarrollo : resistencia en defensa de los bienes comunes en los casos de Playa Potrero y la zona protectora El Chayote.
No full textCommunity organization is a way to resist in front of capitalism and its dynamics that exploits natural resources for the enrichment of hegemonic classes. These classes have used the sustainable development discourse to allow the expansion of capital without considering the tear of the environment. However, facing this situation, there are experiences giving space to other possible ways of living and organizing in the community. This is the case of two community organization located in El Chayote in Naranjo and Playa Potrero in Santa Cruz. Both communities developed strategies for the protection of water and its autonomous management. The present article intends to recover the historical memory of community processes around these socio-environmental conflicts and to analyze the contradictions of development discourses raised in Costa Rica. This paper is based on a three years field work investigation, using qualitative techniques such as semi-structured and open interviews with people from the communal movements. Among the main conclusions, it was found that affection for the land and disenchantment with the models proposed by tourism development and large capitals, are those that move people to organize and protect what they valued as common goods.La organización comunitaria es una de las formas que generan resistencia frente a las dinámicas del capitalismo que observan en los recursos naturales una fuente del crecimiento económico. Estas clases se han valido del discurso del desarrollo sostenible para permitir la expansión de los límites del capital sin contemplar el desgaste y agotamiento del medio ambiente. Sin embargo, existen comunidades que luchan contra estos tipos de explotación, dando espacio a otras formas de habitar y convivir en comunidad. Este es el caso de organizaciones comunitarias de localidades como Naranjo y Playa Potrero en Santa Cruz, que generaron estrategias para la protección del agua y la autonomía de su gestión. Se pretende, entonces, recuperar la memoria histórica de procesos de organización en estos conflictos socioambientales y analizar las contradicciones de los discursos de desarrollo planteados en Costa Rica. Para ello, se utiliza la información recopilada a partir del trabajo de campo, utilizando herramientas como entrevistas semiestructuradas y abiertas a participantes de estos movimientos comunales. Dentro de las principales conclusiones se encontró que los afectos por la tierra y el desencanto con las propuestas del desarrollo turístico y los grandes capitales, son los que mueven a las personas a organizarse y proteger a lo que consideran bienes comunes
