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طراحي پرسشنامه ارزيابي جو ايمني و عملکرد ايمني با توجه به دانش و انگيزش ايمني در صنعت سيمان
No full textBackground: Since promotion of safety culture plays a key role in prevention of incidents in industries, assessment of safety climate and safety performance can help industries to improve their safety culture. The present study was designed to develop a measurement tool for assessment of safety climate and safety performance according to the safety knowledge and motivation in cement industries.
Materials and Methods: According to the previous studies, a draft of questionnaire was developed in 5 structures, 9 dimensions and 41 questions including, dimensions of safety climate (management safety commitment, social support, Work environment safety, emergency preparedness at work), Production pressure, safety knowledge, safety motivation and safety performance (safety participation and safety compliance) . Provided questionnaire was distributed among 230 employees of Abyek cement industries. Data were analyzed through SPSS and LISREL software.
Results: Reliability evaluation of the questionnaire indicated its appropriateness. The scout study Cronbach's alpha coefficient and KMO in the main study was 0.86 and 0.861 subsequently. In general, the factor structure was tested and verified by Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The results showed that safety knowledge and safety motivation influence workers’ safety behavior. Also, management safety commitment was significantly related to social support and production pressure; meanwhile production pressure was a key and critical factor that has direct effects on other factors including safety motivation, safety knowledge, safety participation and safety compliance.
Conclusion: Based on safety motivation and safety knowledge, the results showed that the efficiency of the validated questionnaire for assessment of safety climate and safety performance was suitable in cement industries. Thus this five dimensions questionnaire can be used to promote the safety culture in this type of industries.
How to cite this article: Mavaji M, Borgheipour H, Monazami Tehrani G. Validation and development of the questionnaire for assessment of safety climate and safety performance according to safety knowledge and safety motivation in cement industry. Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat (Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention). 2018; 6(1):3 -12.
سابقه و هدف: از آنجا که ارتقاي فرهنگ ايمني نقشي اساسي در پيشگيري از بروز حوادث در صنايع دارد، ارزيابي جو ايمني و عملکرد ايمني ميتواند به ارتقاي فرهنگ ايمني در صنايع کمک کند. هدف اين تحقيق، تعيين روايي و پايايي پرسشنامه ارزيابي جو ايمني و عملکرد ايمني در صنعت سيمان ميباشد.
روش بررسي: مطالعه حاضر يک مطالعه توصيفي–پيمايشي و از نوع کاربردي است. در اين راستا، پرسشنامهاي مبني بر مطالعات پيشين شامل 5 سازه، 9 بعد و 41 سؤال با ابعاد جو ايمني (شامل تعهد مديريت به ايمني، حمايت اجتماعي، ايمني محيط کار، آمادگي اضطراري در محل کار)، فشار توليد، دانش ايمني، انگيزه ايمني و عملکرد ايمني (شامل مشارکت ايمني و رعايت ايمني) طراحي گرديد و توسط 230 نفر از کارکنان صنعت سيمان آبيک نسبت به تکميل آن اقدام نمودند. دادههاي بدست آمده با استفاده از نرمافزارSPSS و LISREL مورد تجزيه و تحليل قرار گرفت.
يافتهها: ارزيابي پايايي پرسشنامه حاکي از قابل قبول بودن آن بود. ضريب آلفاي کرونباخ در مطالعه برابر 0.86 و نتايج آزمون کفايت نمونه 0.861تعيين گرديد. به طور کلي ساختار عاملي به دست آمده توسط روش تحليل تاييدي مورد آزمون و تاييد قرار گرفت. نتايج نشان داد که دانش ايمني و انگيزش ايمني بر رفتار ايمن کارگران تاثير گذارند. تعهد مديريت ايمني نيز به طور قابل توجهي به حمايت اجتماعي و فشار توليد مرتبط بود اين در حالي است که فشار توليد به عنوان يک عامل کليدي و مهم اثرات مستقيم و قابل توجهي بر انگيزه ايمني، دانش ايمني، مشارکت ايمني و رعايت ايمني داشت.
نتيجه گيري: نتايج نشان داد که کارايي پرسشنامه اعتباربخشي شده جو ايمني و عملکرد ايمني با توجه به دانش و انگيزش ايمني در صنعت سيمان مناسب بوده و اين پرسشنامه پنج بعدي ميتواند در راستاي ارتقاء سطح فرهنگ ايمني در اين گونه صنايع مورداستفاده قرار گيرد.
How to cite this article:
Mavaji M, Borgheipour H, Monazami Tehrani G. Validation and development of the questionnaire for assessment of safety climate and safety performance according to safety knowledge and safety motivation in cement industry. J Saf Promot Inj Prev. 2018; 6(1):3 -12.
 
شناسايي خطاهاي انساني و بررسي فاکتورهاي درونسازماني مؤثر بر بروز خطا درصنعت گاز
Get PDFBackground and Objectives: Specialized attention to accidents in various industries has shown that human errors are the main cause of the most of them. Therefore, recognizing the pattern and root causes of the errors are the important approach in understanding and improving safety management in the industry. This study aimed to investigate human errors and effective intra-organizational factors in failure occurrence by using the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System Technique in Iranian gas industry.
Materials and Methods: The Human Factors Analysis and Classification System Technique has a hierarchical structure with 19 categories of causative factors (active errors and Hidden Defects) in four levels including, unsafe acts (first level), pre-conditions for unsafe acts (second level) ، unsafe supervision (third level) and organizational impacts (fourth level). In this study, the report of the events leading to the death of the Iranian gas industry from 2008 to 2016 was analyzed by using the main framework Human Factors Analysis and Classification System as well as the checklist developed by the US Department of Defense at four levels was studied.
Results: The results of human error analysis based on Human Factors Analysis and Classification System showed that among Intra-organizational Factors 34.2% of causes were categorized in unsafe acts level, 26.3% in unsafe monitoring level, 22.4% in pre-conditions level for unsafe acts and 17.1% was at the level of organizational influences.
Conclusion: The presence of high percentage of factors related to human errors, violations, and unsafe monitoring in the results of the present study indicated the need for further focus, accurate assessment and formulation of effective recovery strategies. Also, the results showed that the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System can be used systematically to identify human errors and the causes of its occurrence within the organization and establishing effective and targeted safety interventions in industries such as gas industry.
How to cite this article: Pourfatah N, Monazami-Tehrani G, Alibabaei A, Yousefiani M. Identification of Human Errors and Effective Intra-organizational Factors in Failure Occurrence in Gas Industry.Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat (Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention). 2018; 6(2):91-98.
سابقه و هدف: نگاه تخصصي به حوادث رخداده در صنايع مختلف نشان داده است که مبناي ايجاد حوادث تنوع زيادي نداشته و خطاهاي انساني عامل اصلي وقوع اکثر حوادث ميباشد. بنابراين شناخت الگو و ريشهيابي علل بروز خطا يک رويکرد مهم در درک و بهبود مديريت ايمني در صنايع ميباشد. اين مطالعه باهدف بررسي خطاهاي انساني و عوامل درونسازماني مؤثر بر بروز خطا در حوادث منجر به فوت صنعت گاز ايران با استفاده از روش آناليز فاکتورهاي انساني و طبقه بندي سيستم انجام شد.
روش بررسي: روش آناليز فاکتورهاي انساني و طبقه بندي سيستم ساختار سلسله مراتبي دارد و 19 طبقه از عوامل سببي (خطاهاي فعال و نقايص نهفته) را در چهار سطح، اعمال ناايمن (سطح اول)، پيش شرايط براي اعمال ناايمن (سطح دوم)، نظارت و سرپرستي اعمال ناايمن (سطح سوم)، تأثيرات سازماني (سطح چهارم) طبقهبندي ميکند. در اين مطالعه گزارش حوادث منجر به فوت صنعت گاز ايران (سال 95-87) با استفاده چک ليستهاي سطوح چهارگانه چهارچوب اصلي روش آناليز فاکتورهاي انساني و طبقه بندي سيستم و همچنين چکليستهاي تدوينشده توسط وزارت دفاع ايالاتمتحده در چهار سطح مذکور موردبررسي قرار گرفت.
يافتهها: نتايج بررسي خطاهاي انساني بر اساس روش آناليز فاکتورهاي انساني و طبقه بندي سيستم نشان داد در بين عوامل درونسازماني 34/2 درصد از علل در سطح اعمال ناايمن، 26/3 درصد در سطح نظارت ناايمن، 22/4 درصد در سطح پيش شرايط براي اعمال ناايمن و 1/17 درصد در سطح تأثيرات سازماني قرار داشتند.
نتيجهگيري: حضور درصد بالاي فاکتورهاي مربوط به خطاها، تخلفات و نظارت ناايمن در نتايج حاصل از مطالعهي حاضر، نشاندهندهي نياز به تمرکز بيشتر و ارزيابي دقيقتر اين گروهها و تدوين استراتژي بهبود کارآمد است. همچنين نتايج نشان داد روش آناليز فاکتورهاي انساني و طبقه بندي سيستم ، ميتواند بهطور سيستماتيک جهت شناسايي خطاهاي انساني و علل وقوع آن در محدودهي سازمان و برقراري مداخلات ايمني مؤثر و هدفمند در صنايعي نظير صنعت گاز مورداستفاده قرار گيرد.
 
بررسي ميزان صدا، روشنايي و فرسودگي شغلي در بخش مراقبت ويژه جراحي مغز و اعصاب، بيمارستان لقمان حکيم
Get PDFBackground and Objectives: Noise pollution and lack of light directly affect the activities of employees and cause burnout and negative behaviors in the individual. The aim of this study was to investigate the physically harmful factors of noise and local illumination of the workplace and the rate of burnout in the intensive care unit of the brain in Loghman Hakim Hospital.
Method and Materials: The present study is a cross-sectional and observational-descriptive study and the statistical population was the staff of the intensive care unit of Loghman Hakim Hospital. The study instruments included the Maslach burnout questionnaire (25), sound meter, and luxometer.
Results: The average noise in the workplace is 44.3 decibels and exceeds the standard. The local lighting condition of 38 stations measured in 20 stations (equivalent to 78.95%) was unfavorable. The burnout questionnaire showed that all employees had depression and the highest rate of burnout was observed in the dimension of emotional fatigue and personal performance and the lowest rate was observed in the dimension of depersonalization.
Conclusion: People who work in the intensive care unit of the brain are more exposed to stress due to the nature of the job and the possibility of burnout at high levels is predicted in them to hold training courses and improve stress management skills to prevent burnout. The staff of this department should be taken into consideration .
How to cite this article: Bahramzadeh AH, Monazami-Tehrani G, Nateghinia S, Akbari-Dilmaghani N. Evaluation of Noise, Light and Burnout in the Intensive Care unit of Neurosurgery, Loghman Hakim Hospital. Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat. 2021;9(3):183-9.سابقه و هدف: آلودگي صوتي و کمبود روشنایی، بر میزان بهبود فعالیتهای کارکنان تاثیر مستقیم دارند و باعث ایجاد فرسودگی شغلی و ایجاد رفتارهای منفی در فرد میشوند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی عوامل میزان صدا، روشنایی موضعی محیط کار و میزان فرسودگی شغلی در بخش مراقبت ویژه مغزی در بیمارستان لقمان حکیم انجام شد.
روش بررسی: مطالعه حاضر از نوع مقطعـی و مـشاهدهای – توصـیفی بوده و جامعه آماري، کارکنان بخش مراقبت ویژه مغزی بيمارستان لقمان حکيم بودهاند. ابزار مطالعه شامل پرسشنامه فرسودگی شغلی مسلش (25)، دستگاه صداسنج و لوکسمتر بوده است.
نتایج: میانگین صدا در محیط کار 44/3 دسیبل و بیش از حد استاندارد بود. وضعیت روشنایی موضعی 38 ایستگاه اندازهگیری شده در 20 ایستگاه (معادل 78/95 درصد) نامطلوب بود. پرسشنامه فرسودگی شغلی نشان داد تمام کارکنان داری افسردگی بوده و بیشترین میزان فرسودگی شغلی در بعد خستگی عاطفی و عملکرد شخصی و کمترین میزان در بعد مسخ شخصیت مشاهده شد.
نتیجه گیری: افرادی که در بخش مراقبت ویژه مغزی کار میکنند به دلیل ماهیت شغلی در مواجهه استرس بیشتری قراردارند و امکان بروز فرسودگی شغلی در سطوح بالا در آنان پیشبینی میشود که برگزاری دورههای آموزشی و ارتقای مهارتهای مدیریت استرس در جهت پیشگیری از فرسودگی برای کارکنان این بخش میبایست مورد توجه قرارگیرد.
How to cite this article: Bahramzadeh AH, Monazami-Tehrani G, Nateghinia S, Akbari-Dilmaghani N. Evaluation of Noise, Light and Burnout in the Intensive Care unit of Neurosurgery, Loghman Hakim Hospital. Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat. 2021;9(3):183-9.
 
Assessment of Hearing Loss in Iranian Professional Pop Singers through the Soundlog and Temporary Hearing Loss Test Softwares
Get PDFBackground and Aims: Noise induced hearing loss is a sensory-neural phenomenon which happens slowly due to continued or alternative sound exposure. Singers are one of the working groups who are at the risk of hearing loss. This study aimed to assess the hearing loss of Iranian professional pop singers.Materials & Methods: In this study, two SoundLog and Temporary Hearing Loss Test softwares have been used to measure temporary threshold shift (TTS), level of sound (LAeq), maximum level of sound, as well as the level of equivalent sound in 8 hours (LAeq, 8h) with and without hearing protection device (HPD). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 18 software. All stages of this research were conducted ethically.Results: The sound level, maximum sound level and equivalent level of sound in 8 hours without using hearing protection equipment and by using hearing protection equipment were 84.3 ± 9.6 and 86.7 ± 7.1; 118.9 ± 2.8 and 120.7 ± 2.7 and 78.4 ± 8.9 and 82.5± 5.8, respectively. Also, the hearing loss level in the sample was 2.4 ± 7.1 and 0 db, according to the intervention.Conclusion: The results indicated the applicability of the programs. Therefore, without the need for an expert, a person can understand the sound exposure level during his performance. Thus, these tools, suitable personal protective equipment and continuous monitoring will lead to early detection of hearing loss in these groups
طراحی پرسشنامه جهت ارزیابی حوادث ناشی از کار در معادن فلزی روباز با رویکرد نقش قوانین و مقررات
No full textBackground and Aim: Several work related accidents occur in Open pit mines annually, resulting in permanent disability and death. The present study was designed to develop a measurement tool for assessment of incidents reported in Open Pit metal mines according to rules and regulations.
Methods: In this research, we first studied 200 cases of work-related accidents in the years 2009-2016, in order to provide the basic foundations for the formulation of the necessary elements for the structures of this questionnaire. The questionnaire was first designed with four structures, 13 dimensions and 81 questions. To assess the validity of the questionnaire, the formal, content, and structure validity of the questionnaire was used to determine the reliability of the two methods of internal consistency (Crohn’s Alpha) and test-retest using the coefficient of intratrail. Provided questionnaire was distributed among 377 employees of metal open-pit mines workers of Yazd and
Kerman city. Data were analyzed through SPSS and LISREL software. Ethical considerations in this study were adhered based on the Helsinki guidelines.
Results: The content validity of 22 items was eliminated and by calculating construct validity, a questionnaire with four constraints of violation of rules and regulations, unsafe operator behaviors, unsafe conditions of equipment and environmental unsafe conditions that has a reliability equal to 0.842, and the elements of the questionnaire has content validity. The scout study Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and KMO in the main study was 0.842 and 0.708 subsequently. Questionnaire items also have content validity (CVI = 0.84). The questionnaire data will only be used for analysis and will not be used elsewhere.
Conclusion: This questionnaire is an appropriate native tool with the approach of local role and regulations for assessing work-related accidents in open-pit metal mines.
How to cite this article: Hasanzadeh L, Khani Jazani R, Gholamnia R, Monazami Tehrani Gh. Development a Questionnaire to Assess the Work Related Accidents in Open Pit Metal Mines According to Rules and Regulations.Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat (Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention). 2018; 6(4):203 -114.
سابقه و هدف: در معادن فلزی روباز سالیانه تعداد زیادی حادثه رخ میدهد که منجر به ناتوانیهای دائمی و مرگ میگردد. پژوهش حاضر باهدف شناسایی گویه های مرتبط و ارائه پرسشنامهای درزمینهی بررسی علل این حوادث انجامگرفته است.
روش بررسی: در این تحقیق در ابتدا به بررسي 200 گزارش حادثه ناشی از کار در بازه سالهای 1388 تا 1395 پرداخته تا مباني اوليه در تدوين گویه هاي لازم برای سازههای این پرسشنامه فراهم آيد. پرسشنامه در ابتدا شامل 4 سازه، 13 بعد و 81 سؤال طراحی شد. برای بررسی روایی پرسشنامه، از روشهای روایی صوری، محتوایی و سازه و جهت تعیین پایایی از دو شیوه همسانی درونی (آلفای کرون باخ) و آزمون – باز آزمون با استفاده از ضریب همبستگی درون – ردهای استفاده شد و توسط 377 نفر از کارکنان معادن فلزی روباز استان یزد و کرمان تکمیل گردید. تجزیهوتحلیل دادههاي بهدستآمده با استفاده از نرمافزار آماري SPSS و LISREL صورت گرفت. ملاحظات اخلاقی هلسینکی در این مطالعه رعایت شد.
یافتهها: در بررسی روایی محتوایی 22 گویه حذف شد و با محاسبه روایی سازه به پرسشنامهای با 4 سازه نقص قوانین و مقررات، رفتارهای ناایمن اپراتور، شرایط ناایمن تجهیزات و شرایط ناایمن محیطی، 13 بعد و 59 سؤال دستیافته شد که دارای شاخص و پایایی 842/0 و مطلوب هست، همچنین گویه های پرسشنامه دارای روایی محتوایی (84/0CVI=) است. دادههای پرسشنامه تنها برای تجزیهوتحلیل استفادهشده و استفاده دیگری نخواهد شد.
نتیجهگیری: پرسشنامه تهیهشده برای ارزیابی حوادث ناشی از کار در معادن فلزی روباز با 59 سؤال دارای قابلیت اطمینان و پایایی مناسب بوده و یک ابزار بومی جهت ارزیابی حوادث ناشی از کار در معادن فلزی روباز با رویکرد نقش قوانین و مقررات با دقت و صحت مناسب میباشد.
How to cite this article:
Hasanzadeh L, Khani Jazani R, Gholamnia R, Monazami Tehrani Gh. Development a Questionnaire to Assess the Work Related Accidents in Open Pit Metal Mines According to Rules and Regulations. J Saf Promot Inj Prev. 2018; 6(4):203 -14.
 
Hospital Safety Climate Assessment toward Attitude’s Nurses Based on Sammer’s Model Case study: An academic General and A specialized Hospital in Tehran (Iran)
Get PDFSafety climate has become an important issue in organizational safety management of health systems. The aim of this applied study was assessment safety climate in general and specialized academic hospitals based on Sammer’s model, to introduce a model with the specific framework to assess climate safety in Iranian hospitals, moreover, to reduce medical errors and incidents, also to increase patient safety.
This model consists of seven dimensions: leadership, teamwork, evidence-based practices, communication, learning, justice and patient-centeredness. So a descriptive –comparative study was undertaken through a methodology including 3 phases. Data were collected by a modified questionnaire based on the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) from 217 nurses and an In-depth interview with 52 nurses in both hospitals.
According to the results in the general hospital, leadership, patient-centeredness and learning was recognized as the most effective factors, however, in the specialized hospital, the most important factors were patient-centeredness and justice.
Seven dimensions of Sammer’s model are effective in safety climate assessment, but they are not enough to assess safety climate Iranian hospitals. Adding other factors such as safety and standardized hospital building space, the safety of equipment, physical factors in the workplace, Social and culture factors and terms and conditions governing the hospital settings can help to complete the model and provide an integrated and more consistent one to take an effective step in assessing overall hospital safety climate
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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