1,720,974 research outputs found
Environmental Urban Morphology: A Multidisciplinary Methodology for the Analysis of Public Spaces in Dense Urban Fabrics
Get PDFA city is an organism made of social, economic, cultural, and environmental fabrics, the interactions of which determine the form and functioning of city life. Different disciplines are then involved in analyzing the complex processes of the 21st-century city. The aim of this study was to explore the use of an analytical method that can act as a catalyst for the main players involved in the environmental urban morphology (EUM). This multidisciplinary methodology focuses on the study of public space in dense urban fabrics as a key context for understanding a city. Operationally, the work shows the potential of integrating morphological analysis, pedestrian flow analysis, and environmental analysis and applying them in dense and compact urban fabrics. The first of these analyses methods was carried out using urban survey tools and the geographic information system (GIS) in order to detect the physical forms of the city and develop a number of morphological maps. The second, using the global positioning system (GPS) and on-site detectors, maps pedestrian movement within public spaces. The latter mainly focuses on the microclimatic analysis of public spaces and outdoor comfort, carried out using environmental software such as ENVI-met (4.4 version). The ultimate goal of this study was to achieve the definition of a dynamic, multidisciplinary, and multilayer methodology for the analysis of dense urban fabrics which we believe could be very useful for addressing the regenerative processes of the contemporary city.Environmental Technology and Desig
Vertical versus horizontal: theory and practice of urban densification in evolving metropolises
Get PDFThe urban growth, its continuous use of land and the associated problem of soil sealing force urban
expansions to search for a sustainable densification.
The paper attempts to explore and compare the urban conditions' growth on the fringes of two
cities in Asia and Europe - Shenzhen and Vienna - as two opposite realities defining different
strategies to control the urban expansion: while Shenzhen use the verticality to create new space,
Vienna works on the horizontality and the regeneration, generating a neighbor’s contiguity in the
urban areas.
The paper discusses and illustrates the two possibilities for dense built environments -horizontality
and verticality in the metropolitan form-, as opposite yet possible strategies to achieve dense built
environments qualifying urban spaces, infrastructures, buildings.
To this aim Hong Kong, and Vienna are compared, to understand differences and attempt at
responding to the central research question: Is it possible to identify an optimal urban form?
Buildings’ and neighborhood’s typologies have been observed to aim at this understanding.
Even though general conclusions cannot be drawn from specific case studies, is the authors'
considered opinion that urban textures in the built environments are very much connected with and
their successful evolution depends on the strict relation with humans and their activities (working,
living, entertaining and dwelling). In this context, appropriate strategies for urban densification, in
their different forms, might represent an effective path to meet the new conflicting challenges of
sustainability and rapid urban growth
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Regenerative design processes in urban morphology
Get PDFA city is an organism made of "fabrics". Social, economic, cultural, smart and environmental fabrics, on whose interaction depends the form, the functioning and the very life of a city, its urban fabrics, its public spaces. Reading and designing the city of the 21st century is therefore a complex process that involves very different needs, interests and disciplines. The aim of this research is to develop an analysis and design methodology capable of acting as a catalyst for all the main players involved in the strategies of Sustainable Urban Design. At the basis of the methodological approach lies the concept of Public Space as the preferential place for reading, designing and living a city. Operationally, the proposed methodology rests on three main disciplinary areas (and three con-sequents working toolkits): Urban Surveying, Environmental Analysis, Urban Morphology. Through the first, conducted with graphic rendering softwares and laser scanner, it is possible to detect the physical forms of the city, to read its historical and material consistency. The second focuses its attention mainly on the microclimatic analysis of public spaces and outdoor comfort, using sophisticated environmental softwares such as Envi-met, LadyBug etc. Finally, the third area is particularly important. Urban Morphology, due to its multilayer character is the discipline capable of keeping all the others together, allowing them to interact. The tools adopted for this purpose are the Morphological Map, the Geographic Information System_QGIS, the Global Positioning System_GPS. The synergistic union of these three areas allows the development of a dynamic, multilayer and transdisciplinary methodology for urban analysis, very useful for guiding the regeneration and transformation processes of the contemporary city
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