1,720,964 research outputs found
Building a Culture of Peace in Africa: Toward a Trajectory of Using Traditional Knowledge Systems
No full textThis article purports to study the peace project in Africa, using African social formations and
traditional knowledge systems, by taking Botswana as a case study. It focuses on three aspects of
Botswana culture: bogosi (chieftainship), ethnicity and botho (humility). Although the concepts
are interrogated from a Botswana perspective, they have wider applicability in sub-Saharan Africa.
This article will first explain these concepts, and then discuss their relationship to peacebuilding
and development. Africans need to appreciate the endurance of traditional systems of governance
despite the application of modern political institutions and processes. The article concludes that
building a culture of peace should be filtered through social values that are culturally embedded. As
Africans engage with culture and ascribe it a role in peacebuilding, they must take cognisance of its
limitations and shed the negative aspects of African culture. More profoundly, building a culture of
peace should be based on a recognition and tolerance of other people’s cultural heritage.Submitted by Kari Schmidt ([email protected]) on 2009-12-11T16:45:53Z
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Previous issue date: 200
Government policy in land and housing development in Gaborone, 1966-86
No full textThesis (Ph.D.)--Boston UniversityPLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at [email protected]. Thank you.The aim of this study is to outline inequalities which exist in Botswana's urban areas by addressing Government Policy in Land and Housing Development, in Gaborone. Gaborone, the capital city of Botswana, which has experienced one of the highest rates of urbanization, was chosen to be a case for this study.
Since the attainment of political independence the state of Botswana has been promoting the processes of capital accumulation and legitimation. The state has succeeded in the process of capital accumulation by forging an alliance with foreign mining capital. It has, however, been less successful in its quest for legitimacy.
To placade low income classes, the state has intervened in land and housing sectors with the Self Help Housing Agency (SHHA) program. SHHA, a program which ostensibly appears to be suitable for low income people is revealed, through empirical evidence, to be inadequate. Its tenure is limited, and services it provides are lacking in many respects, and relegate the program to a mere propagation of slum conditions.
The analyses and conclusions that this dissertation has reached are that, through land and housing policies the state has promoted class inequalities; in the form of tenure, and access to finance and credit facilities.2999-01-0
Promoting partnerships for crime prevention on Southern Africa : interim technical report; 4th progress report (annex 4)
No full textState agencies alone are unable to combat rising levels of crime. Unlike state security, private security providers are driven by profit, and render service to those who can pay for it. The intent of this report is to identify entry points for establishing and strengthening crime prevention strategies, policies and initiatives; it suggests reforms necessary to enhance public-private partnerships, and endeavours to provide an analysis on the legitimacy, accountability and oversight of the various security actors involved in crime prevention. The report underscores that there is no specific law or Act governing the operations of private security providers
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Democracy under siege : the presidency and executive powers in Botswana
No full textThis article outlines that the Constitution of Botswana provides for an executive presidency with extensive powers. Unlike other constitutions in the region where power is vested with the people, in Botswana it is vested with the President. While democratic procedures have not been flaunted in Botswana, in a situation where one political party dominates both the executive and the legislative branches of government, there is cause for concern. In this situation, the checks and balances provided for in the constitution are almost redundant. The declaration of the state of emergency and the granting of the Vice-President, Ian Khama, sabbatical leave by the President are examples where the President used his executive powers. This article concludes that given the wide-ranging executive powers that the President enjoys, there is a strong case for presidential elections. In that way, the president would be directly elected by the electorate and therefore directly accountable to them
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