1,720,992 research outputs found
Analysis of technological innovation in the peanut production system in the Western region of São Paulo
No full textO nível de inovação tecnológica é um dos fatores relevantes à competitividade do agronegócio
brasileiro, uma vez que influencia diretamente na produtividade de uma cultura. O amendoim
é um dos produtos mais representativos ao agronegócio do estado de São Paulo, sendo
responsável por 64% da produção nacional. Dada a expressividade e importância desse
segmento dentro do agronegócio, a pesquisa tem a seguinte questão norteadora: Qual é o nível
de inovação tecnológica dos produtores de amendoim da região Oeste Paulista, dada a sua
infraestrutura de produção? Assim, o objetivo geral da pesquisa é: Analisar a inovação
tecnológica de produtores de amendoim da região Oeste Paulista com base em parâmetros
relacionados à sua infraestrutura tecnológica de produção. A pesquisa foi composta por uma
revisão sistemática que possibilitou identificar setores e áreas de atuação e desenvolvimento de
tecnologias voltadas para a cadeia produtiva do amendoim. Foi aplicado um formulário a
produtores de amendoim da região Oeste Paulista, que permitiu a realização de análise
descritiva e a inferência de indicadores de adoção tecnológica. Para tanto, foi desenvolvido um
sistema com base em lógica fuzzy. composto por cinco variáveis de entrada, cada uma contendo
um conjunto de indicadores que permitiram inferir a variável resposta, ou seja, o nível de
inovação tecnológica de cada produtor que participou do estudo.The level of technological innovation is one of the relevant factors for the competitiveness of
Brazilian agribusiness, since it directly influences the productivity of a crop. Peanuts are one of
the most representative products for agribusiness in the state of São Paulo, accounting for 64%
of national production. Given the expressiveness and importance of this segment within
agribusiness, thisresearch has the following guiding question: What is the level of technological
innovation of peanut producers in the Western region of São Paulo, given its production
infrastructure? Thus, the general objective of the research is: To analyze the technological
innovation of peanut producers in the São Paulo West region based on parameters related to
their technological production infrastructure. The research consisted of a systematic review that
made it possible to identify sectors and areas of activity and development of technology aimed
at the peanut production chain. A form was applied to peanut producers in the West Paulista
region, which allowed for a descriptive analysis and the inference of indicators of technological
adoption. And, a system based on fuzzy logic was developed, with which an assessment of the
technological level of peanut producers was carried out. The system consisted of five input
variables, each containing a set of indicators that allowed inferring the response variable of the
technological level index of the producers who participated in the study
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Expert System Development for the Prevention of Hoof Pathologies Applied to the Intensive Swine Production
Get PDFClaw lameness can be associated with biomechanical factors caused by imbalances of the pressure distribution under the hooves when swine are confined in modern facilities with hard concrete flooring. Comparing hoof pressure distribution data of swine boars walking over two different types of floors (standard concrete vs. 3mm rubber mattress) in previous research, it was found a great advantage favoring the rubber mat flooring showing that it was capable of reducing pressures under the claws as the pressure became more evenly distributed under this treatment resulting in balanced weight-bearing surfaces. The objective of this study was to develop an expert system based on Fuzzy logic algorithm for the prevention of hoof pathologies applied to the intensive swine production by estimating occurrence of claw lesions based on the association of knowledge gathered on pressure distribution from previous research as well as the influences of nutrition, friction coefficients found on different types of available flooring, hoof sizes and animal weight on the welfare of the swine’s locomotory system. The data were correlated initially using Matlab® platform associating expert’s knowledge and literature through a knowledge system that weights the variables according to their impact on claw health. The final user interface was coded using Microsoft Visual Studio Rapid Application Development tool and the resulting system was validated in several different laboratory scenarios and its performance was considered to be satisfactory according to findings in the literature. The expert system was coded and the authors concluded that the system could be a great contribution and advance in the swine’s industry, nonetheless, its performance still requires field testing for fine adjustments which should be encouraged to be carried out in further researches
Development of a system for preventive diagnosis of lameness in dairy cattle using fuzzy logic
No full textOrientador: Irenilza de Alencar NaasTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia AgricolaResumo: A partir de meados do século XX, geneticistas e produtores intensificaram os trabalhos de melhoramento de bovinos leiteiros. Progressos surgiram, mas estes resultados não foram acompanhados pelo melhoramento de patas e cascos. Foram realizadas modificações das instalações visando adequá-las às necessidades de intensificação dos rebanhos e torná-los mais produtivos, culminando em uma maior concentração de animais por área, resultando em um maior volume de dejetos, maior umidade, menor higiene e dificuldades de manejo. Para solucionar estes problemas iniciou-se um processo de impermeabilização dos pisos destas construções para diminuir a umidade e facilitar a higiene. Isto foi reforçado com as construções dos sistemas ¿free-stall¿, nos quais as vacas freqüentemente passam a maioria do tempo em pé sobre o piso de concreto. Este quadro propicia o surgimento de patologias de casco. Este trabalho propôs o desenvolvimento de um sistema computacional para o diagnóstico preventivo da patologia de casco em gado de leite confinado em modalidade freestall, a pododermatite asséptica difusa, também conhecida por laminite e tem como público alvo os veterinários, os proprietários de plantéis, tratadores, consultores, fabricantes de ração, projetistas e construtores de galpões para alojamento do plantel. Clinicamente, a diagnose da laminite só é possível mediante a observação de deficiências de locomoção, porém quando este sintoma se revela, a patologia apresenta-se já em avançado grau, o que exige a imediata intervenção de um veterinário, incorrendo em perdas econômicas e prejudicando o bem estar animal. Uma correlação com os fatores nutricionais do arraçoamento, a presença de pisos mais abrasivos, variáveis climáticas e condições de manejo dos cascos permitiram a conversão destes dados para termos lingüísticos, as quais, por apresentar vantagens do uso de conceitos subjetivos que provêem um alto grau de certeza, aplicou-se a Lógica Fuzzy para o desenvolvimento de um algoritmo motor de inferência baseado em regras como base para o processo de suporte a decisão. Os resultados mostraram que o sistema especialista gera informações de possível acréscimo ou decréscimo nas chances do desenvolvimento da laminite e ainda fornece recomendações para ações dos criadores por meio de modificações em parâmetros referentes às condições de ambiência, arraçoamento e manejo. A tecnologia gerada contribui na redução das perdas econômicas e melhorando o bem estar animalAbstract: From the middle of the 20th century experts on genetics and producers had intensified the work to improve dairy production. Advances have appeared, however these results have not been followed by the improvement of cows legs and hooves. The intensification of herd¿s needs have been carried through housing modifications aiming at to adjust them as well as to become them more productive, leading into a larger concentration of animals per floor area, resulting in a higher volume of dejects, higher humidity, less hygiene, and difficulties of handling. In order to solve these problems a process of waterproofing for these constructions floors was started in order to reduce the humidity and to make easier the hygiene process. This are reinforced whith the free-stall housing systems constructions, where the dairy cows often stay most of the time standing on the concrete floor. This scenario results in the sprouting of hoof pathologies. This research considered the development of a computational system for preventive diagnosis of confined dairy cattle hoof pathologies in free-stall housing, for estimating the presence of diffuse aseptic pododermatitis, also known as laminitis, and has as target the public such as: veterinarians, producers, handlers, consultants, ration manufacturers, breeding lodging¿s designers and constructors. Clinical diagnosis of the laminitis is only possible by observing faulty locomotion; however when the symptoms are apparent, the pathology is already in an advanced stage demanding the immediate intervention of a veterinarian, incurring into economic losses and animal welfare restrains. A correlation with the nutritional factors of feed intake, the presence of more abrasive pavements, climatic changes and handling conditions has allowed the conversion of these data into linguistic terms, due to its advantages of using subjective concepts that provides a high degree certainty, and the application of Fuzzy Logic for the development of a inference algorithm based on a rule database to be used as the decision support process. The results showed that the expert system generates information of possible increase or decrease in the laminitis development possibilities and also supplies recommendations for producers¿ actions by making modifications in parameters regarding environmental conditions, feeding and handling management. The technology generated contributes for the reduction of the economic losses and leads to improvement in dairy cattle welfareDoutoradoConstruções Rurais e AmbienciaDoutor em Engenharia Agrícol
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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