1,720,961 research outputs found
Etniske ulikheter i håndteringen av akutte smerter på akuttmottak eller postoperativ avdeling: en systematisk oversikt, med narrativ syntese
Full text linkBakgrunn: Smerter er et hyppig fenomen i akuttavdelinger og kan ubehandlet føre til stress, søvnmangel og kroniske smertetilstander for pasientene. Sykepleieres smertehåndtering, inkludert observasjoner og tiltak, kompliseres av variasjonen i smerteuttrykk og reaksjoner på behandlingen hos pasientene. Med større etnisk mangfold i norske sykehus, kan kulturelle forskjeller være til hinder for adekvat smertelindring.
Hensikt: Å oppsummere kunnskap om betydningen av etnisitet for smerteopplevelse og smertehåndteringen hos voksne akutt og/eller kritisk syke pasienter.
Metode: Systematisk oversikt med narrativ syntese. Søket ble utført i Embase, Medline, Cochrane og Cinahl. Det ble søkt etter engelske eller norske/danske/svenske artikler publisert mellom 1980–2021 som omhandlet etnisitet og smertehåndtering i akutt-, postoperative- eller intensivavdelinger på sykehus. Det ble utført en blindet screening av artiklene i henhold til inklusjons- og eksklusjonskriterier. Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) ble brukt for å kvalitetsvurdere inkluderte studier.
Resultater: Av i alt 1605 studier ble 22 studier inkludert. Studiene omhandlet pasientgrupper på akuttmottak eller postoperativ avdeling. Hyppigst forekom studier av etniske- og raseforskjeller av smerter etter benbrudd, etterfulgt av studier av etniske- og raseforskjeller ved forskjellige akutte smerter; dislokasjon av ledd, akutt koronarsyndrom, traume, magesmerter og postoperative smerter. De fleste studiene (16 av 22) rapporterte etniske forskjeller enten i smerteintensitet og/eller valg av analgetika, dose og/eller ventetid for analgetika.
Konklusjon: Basert på funnene i denne systematiske oversikten har etnisitet stor betydning for smerteopplevelse og utført smertebehandling på akuttmottak og postoperative avdelinger. Åpenhet for ulike kulturelle smerteuttrykk, samt bevissthet rundt mulige fordommer, er viktig for god smertehåndtering i akuttavdelinger.publishedVersio
Etniske ulikheter i håndteringen av akutte smerter på akuttmottak eller postoperativ avdeling: en systematisk oversikt, med narrativ syntese
No full textBakgrunn: Smerter er et hyppig fenomen i akuttavdelinger og kan ubehandlet føre til stress, søvnmangel og kroniske smertetilstander for pasientene. Sykepleieres smertehåndtering, inkludert observasjoner og tiltak, kompliseres av variasjonen i smerteuttrykk og reaksjoner på behandlingen hos pasientene. Med større etnisk mangfold i norske sykehus, kan kulturelle forskjeller være til hinder for adekvat smertelindring.
Hensikt: Å oppsummere kunnskap om betydningen av etnisitet for smerteopplevelse og smertehåndteringen hos voksne akutt og/eller kritisk syke pasienter.
Metode: Systematisk oversikt med narrativ syntese. Søket ble utført i Embase, Medline, Cochrane og Cinahl. Det ble søkt etter engelske eller norske/danske/svenske artikler publisert mellom 1980–2021 som omhandlet etnisitet og smertehåndtering i akutt-, postoperative- eller intensivavdelinger på sykehus. Det ble utført en blindet screening av artiklene i henhold til inklusjons- og eksklusjonskriterier. Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) ble brukt for å kvalitetsvurdere inkluderte studier.
Resultater: Av i alt 1605 studier ble 22 studier inkludert. Studiene omhandlet pasientgrupper på akuttmottak eller postoperativ avdeling. Hyppigst forekom studier av etniske- og raseforskjeller av smerter etter benbrudd, etterfulgt av studier av etniske- og raseforskjeller ved forskjellige akutte smerter; dislokasjon av ledd, akutt koronarsyndrom, traume, magesmerter og postoperative smerter. De fleste studiene (16 av 22) rapporterte etniske forskjeller enten i smerteintensitet og/eller valg av analgetika, dose og/eller ventetid for analgetika.
Konklusjon: Basert på funnene i denne systematiske oversikten har etnisitet stor betydning for smerteopplevelse og utført smertebehandling på akuttmottak og postoperative avdelinger. Åpenhet for ulike kulturelle smerteuttrykk, samt bevissthet rundt mulige fordommer, er viktig for god smertehåndtering i akuttavdelinger
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Children's and parents' experiences of home care provided by hospital staff: A scoping review
Full text linkAims: To describe what is known from existing scientific literature on children's and parents’ experiences of hospital- based home care and to identify future research areas.
Design: The scoping review design used adheres to the methodological framework of Arksey and O'Malley, and to the PRISMA-ScR checklist.
Review Methods: A systematic search was conducted, and peer- reviewed scientific papers were screened through the application of Rayyan software. Data were extracted and presented in table and synthesised thematically as narrative text.
Data Sources: Searches were carried out November 2021 and updated November 2022 in the CINAHL, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, Scopus, Web of Science, Academic Search Elite, and Amed databases and Google Scholar.
Results: A total of 1950 studies were screened and assessed for eligibility. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria by reporting on parents' experiences, whereas five out of these eight studies also reported on the experiences of children. Parents of children with cancer and preterm children reported feeling more in control, being empowered, and being more connected to their children's care team when their children were receiving hospital- based home care. The family's own resources were activated, and they felt more involved in their children's care compared to being in an inpatient setting. Children with cancer, acute infection, chronic disease, and/or a syndrome reported feeling safer and more comfortable in their home environment and experienced better interaction with their care providers. Some aspects of the children's health- related quality of life (HRQOL) were improved.
Conclusion: The identified studies indicate that hospital-based home care is a valued alternative to traditional inpatient care by both parents and children. The mode of care has no crucial negative effects. Future studies should encompass the experiences of children with different diagnoses and syndromes and compare patients treated in a traditional hospital setting with those in a hospital- based home-care programme.
Relevance to Clinical Practice: Children's and parents’ experiences of HBHC indicate that it offers a good solution if parents are well prepared and feel in control. In addition, certain structural conditions must be in place before this type of care can be established: there must be a certain number of patients and the hospital must not be too far away. In the field of neonatal home care, professionals should be more responsive to fathers’ needs and tailor support by focusing on their individual experiences and needs. Our findings may guide and inform best practice for present and future providers of HBHC.
Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care: Hospital- based home care can offer families a greater degree of autonomy, more flexible care options, improved family functioning, improved communication with care providers, and more control over the child's care. When certain structural conditions are met, such as a certain number of patients, the hospital not being too far away, and parents being well pre-pared and feeling in control, then hospital- based home care is valued as an alternative to traditional inpatient care. Specific aspects of children's HRQOL may improve, and the psychosocial burden on the family does not increase.
Impact: HBHC provides a valued alternative to traditional inpatient care and allows families to receive care in the comfort of their own home. Our findings may guide and inform best practice for present and future providers of hospital- based home care.
Reporting Method: In this scoping review, we have adhered to the Preferred ReportipublishedVersio
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
