1,721,058 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
A mathematical model of aerobic methane oxidation coupled to denitrification
No full textAerobic methanotrophic bacteria use methane as their only source of energy and carbon. They release organic compounds that can serve as electron donors for co-existing denitrifiers. This interaction between methanotrophs and denitrifiers is known to contribute to nitrogen losses in natural environments and has also been exploited by researchers for denitrification of nitrate-contaminated wastewater. The purpose of this study was to develop a mathematical model describing aerobic methane oxidation coupled to denitrification in suspended-growth reactors. The model considered the activities of three microbial groups: aerobic methanotrophs, facultative methylotrophs, and facultative heterotrophs. The model was tested against data from the scientific literature and used to explore the effects of the oxygen mass transfer coefficient, the solids retention time, and the fraction methane in the feed gas on nitrate removal. The fraction of methane in the feed gas was found to be critical for the nitrate removal rate. A value of about 15% in air was optimal. A lower methane fraction led to excess oxygen, which was detrimental for denitrification. A higher fraction led to oxygen-limitation, which restricted the growth rate of methanotrophs in the reactor
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Kols\ue4nksr\ue4tter med biokol. Laddning av biokol: adsorption av ammonium, kalium och fosfat.
No full textSpridning av biokol p\ue5 jordbruksmark har flera positiva effekter. Det f\uf6rb\ue4ttrar jordegenskaperna och leder till kolinlagring vilket minskar koldioxidhalten i atmosf\ue4ren. Som jordf\uf6rb\ue4ttrare binder biokolet vatten och n\ue4rings\ue4mnen i marken, vilket har visat sig leda till b\ue4ttre tillv\ue4xt av tr\ue4d och v\ue4xter. Om biokolet inte \ue4r laddat med n\ue4rings\ue4mnen n\ue4r det appliceras kan det dock tempor\ue4rt leda till s\ue4mre tillv\ue4xt eftersom det under en period adsorberar n\ue4rings\ue4mnen fr\ue5n marken. Syftet med det h\ue4r projektet var att unders\uf6ka hur l\ue5ng tid det tar f\uf6r biokol att laddas med ammonium, kalium, och fosfor n\ue4r dessa \ue4mnen \ue4r l\uf6sta i vatten.Tv\ue5 typer av biokol testades i studien. Det ena biokolet \ue4r producerat fr\ue5n pellets av fr\uf6-, skal- och spannm\ue5lsrester (Sk\ue5nefr\uf6). Det andra \ue4r producerat fr\ue5n mestadels gran (Hjelms\ue4ter). Adsorption av ammonium (NH4+), kalium (K+), fosfor (PO43-), och vatten fr\ue5n en n\ue4ringsl\uf6sning som inneh\uf6ll 1388 mg/L NH4+-N, 1122 mg/L K+ och 445 mg/L PO43—P testades. Koncentrationerna av NH4+ och K+ valdes f\uf6r att simulera vattenfasen av sving\uf6dsel. Biokolet lades i n\ue4ringsl\uf6sningen och adsorberad m\ue4ngd \ue4mnen analyserades efter cirka 0,6; 15; 48; 119; och 333 timmar.F\uf6r biokolet fr\ue5n Sk\ue5nefr\uf6 \uf6kade m\ue4ngden adsorberade \ue4mnen upp till 48 timmar, d\ue5 j\ue4mvikt hade uppn\ue5tts. Biokolet fr\ue5n Hjelms\ue4ter visade inte samma tydliga trend. Troligtvis hade j\ue4mvikt uppn\ue5tts redan vid 15 timmar. Biokolet fr\ue5n Sk\ue5nefr\uf6 inneh\uf6ll stora m\ue4ngder kalium redan innan det hade blandats med n\ue4ringsl\uf6sningen. N\ue4r det biokolet lades i n\ue4ringsl\uf6sning lakades kalium ut och m\ue4ngden p\ue5 biokolet minskade s\ue5ledes. F\uf6r \uf6vriga \ue4mnen \uf6kade m\ue4ngden p\ue5 biokolet efter kontakt med n\ue4ringsl\uf6sningen.Slutsatsen fr\ue5n studien \ue4r att biokol b\uf6r vara i kontakt med n\ue4ringsl\uf6sning i minst 15 timmar (helst 48 timmar) f\uf6r att vara laddat med n\ue4rings\ue4mnen
Integrating bioelectrochemical systems with anaerobic digestion
No full textMicrobial bioelectrochemical systems could potentially be used to control or monitor anaerobic digesters. In this study, we investigated two anaerobic reactors with integrated electrodes. In the active reactor, the electrodes were connected to a power source that allowed current to flow and oxidation or reduction reactions to take place at the electrode surfaces. In the control reactor, the electrodes were left in open circuit. We found that reactions on the electrodes did not affect the overall performance of the anaerobic digestion process; however, there was a correlation between the generated current and the state of the reactor. Voltammetry tests also suggested that electrochemically active microbial communities were enriched on both the anode and cathode electrodes in the active reactor
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