51 research outputs found
évaluation des connaissances des étudiants de la faculté de médecine d'odontostomatologie, de la faculté de pharmacie sur les moyens de contraception
No full textNotre étude transversale s'est déroulée à Bamako en juillet 2017 au décembre 2018. L'objectif consistait à analyser les connaissances et attitudes des étudiants de la FMOS face aux moyens de contraception. La majorité des étudiants soit 77,4 p.100 (41/53) lors du prétest déclaraient avoir une connaissance insuffisante sur les méthodes de contraceptions et parmi eux 85,7 p.100 (30/35) pour un p inférieur à 10-3(khi2) lors du prétest ne savaient rien comme connaissance sur l'efficacité du préservatif. L'absence de besoin et de religion était la principale raison de non-utilisation de certains étudiants alors que la majorité vivait au village du point-G. La grande majorité des jeunes étaient sexuellement actifs, la tranche d'âge moyen au premier rapport sexuel était 21 à 2
Open Science in Public Health in Africa: An Exploratory Investigation of the Barriers and Solutions Dataset
No full textDataset for submitted publicatio
Synthetic SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV), MERS-CoV and SARSr-CoV vaccine : A comparative computational analysis to propose candidate epitopes
No full textBackground: Coronaviruses are normally specific to an animal taxon as host, mammals or birds depending on their species; however, these viruses can sometimes change host as a result of mutation. The HCoV-229E is one of six human coronaviruses that include HCoV-NL63, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-HKU1, MERS-CoV and SARSr-CoV (SARSr-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV2) and is distributed globally. MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 could persist on inanimate surface like (metal, glass or plastic for up to nine days) (Huang, C.-L, 2020). Preventive measures and drug treatment with hydrochloroquine are useful, but a good effective vaccine may be needed to stop propagation of the covid-19 pandemic. The aim of our study was to identifiy vaccine candidate epitopes by bioinformatics approaches.
Materials and Method: The complete genomic sequences of SARS-CoV-2 were obtained from 2019 Novel Coronavirus Resource (2019nCoVR) and two databases, including the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) and TAURAU/T-bio-infoserver for online bioinformatics. we will provide a brief review of viral origin, compare the sequencing data for conserved region identification, his commonest protein domain( target binding site) and consensus motif design for an potential candidate molecule (epitope) prurposition for treatment strategies for the newly identified 2019-nCoV , SARSr-CoV strain and MERS-CoV.
Results: Interestingly, sequence comparison between SARS-CoV-2 and another strain revealed that the residues present in the receptor-interacting motive are highly conserved with 70 % identity. we funded five important amino acids ( L455, Y473, N479, F486, Q493) on the receptor binding domain from spike proteins responsible of contact between virus and horst . In the SARS-CoV_ RBD are present residues (D480, and T487) that allowed the interspecies infection. However, in SARS-CoV-2, slight modification of some residues could improve the interaction with the human cellular receptor: L455, F486, Q493, and N501. In SARS-CoV, two main residues (479 and 487) have been associated to the recognition of the human ACE2 receptor. In the SARS-CoV-2, the residues corresponding to N479 correspond to Q493 and T487 to N501. These changes in the SARS-CoV-2 represent energetically favorable changes for the interaction with the receptor. we identified the sequences of amino acids that are well conserved across many coronaviruses including 2019nCoV and other strains, the motif KRSFIEDLLFNKVTLADAGF was found to be particularly well-conserved in this study and corresponds to the region around one of the known cleavage sites of the SARS virus that are believed to be required for virus activation for cell entry. This sequence motif and surrounding variations formed the basis for proposing a specific synthetic vaccine epitope this finding can make related likely rigid small molecule candidates and binding targets.
Conclusion: This study provides information and opportunities for biological confirmation. The work can nevertheless be described in bioinformatics terms, and easily replicated by others, although new data and research on Covid-19 are emerging and evolving at an explosive rythm
Solidarity-based Financing of Health Care Access for the Poor Patients at the University Hospital Point G, Bamako, Mali
No full textIntroduction: Almost half of the world\u27s populations do not have access to basic health care. This exclusion mainly affects people living in rural areas, who are nevertheless the most susceptible to diseases. The Medical Assistance Plan allows a marked improvement in access to healthcare by poor patients. It eliminates out of pocket healthcare cost, which normally prevents most of them from accessing health care. Materials and methods: This study was aimed to investigate the accessibility to healthcare for poor patients at the University Hospital Point G. We conducted a 12-month descriptive cross-sectional study from March 2018 to April 2019. Data entry and analysis were performed using SPSS version 21.0. Results: Our study participants we interviewed were aged 30-44 years old in 30.7%, female in 60.7%, and housewives in 46.7%. Our interviewees consulted for consulted for chronic diseases in 79.3%, had no monthly income in 78.7% and obtained the healthcare benefits at no cost to them in 60.7%. The prescriptions costed between 5,000 and 15,000 FCFA in 51.1%, 20252 FCFA on average with a standard deviation of 1340 FCFA. In sum, 59 out of our 150 patients who were eligible for free healthcare had to pay for a contribution either a subsidized cost in 84.7% or a partial purchase in in 15.3%. Conclusion: The main barriers to healthcare were the chronicity of their diseases and the expensiveness of the healthcare due the level of poverty in the country.
Keywords: Solidarity financing, Access to healthcare, poor, CHU Point G / Mal
Efficience des marchés : un siècle après Bachelier
No full textThe efficient market theory : a century after the Bachelier’s thesis
A century after the publication of Bachelier’s thesis, the efficient market theory has made a so prodigious development during the last decades that the boundaries between mathematics, economics, business, and psychology are becoming blurred. Curiously the theory lives on its own contradictions : findings are confirming and contradicting themselves as analytical and empirical approaches dictate. The author reviews the advances of this prolific literature which seems no more suitable with the traditional classification of Fama. The general typology that the author proposes channels the research in this field among three paradigms : Informational efficiency ; Fundamental efficiency ; and Allocational efficiency. Although not entirely independent, these three paradigms use different approaches to answer the same question : are capital markets efficient ?
JEL classification : D52, D82, E44, G14Un siècle après la publication de la thèse de Bachelier, la théorie de l’efficience des marchés a connu un développement prodigieux au cours des dernières décennies au point de rendre floues les frontières entre les disciplines mathématique, économique, managériale et psychologique. Curieusement, la théorie se nourrit de ses propres contradictions : les résultats se disent et se contredisent au gré des approches analytiques et empiriques. L’auteur a revu l’évolution de cette prolifique littérature qui ne semblait plus cadrer avec la classification traditionnelle de Fama. La typologie générale qu’il propose canalise les recherches dans ce domaine en trois paradigmes : l’efficience informationnelle, l’efficience fondamentale et l’efficience allocationnelle. Bien que n’étant pas indépendants, ces trois paradigmes correspondent à des approches différentes pour répondre à une même question : les marchés financiers sont-ils efficients ?
Classification JEL : D52, D82, E44, G14Sangare Alexander S. Efficience des marchés : un siècle après Bachelier . In: Revue d'économie financière, n°81, 2005. Fonctionnement des systèmes bancaires et financiers. pp. 107-132
Assessment of the Physico-Chemical Conformity of an Antiseptic Solution: Case of Polyvidone - Iodine 10%
No full textIntroduction: Antiseptics have been used for many years in human and veterinary medicine. Over the years, the lengthening of surgical procedures in human surgery and the increasingly frequent use of inert material has increased the risk of infections. This was why skin antisepsis has become very important in the prevention of infections of the surgical wound and resulting complications. In Mali, at the Gabriel Touré University Hospital, the most prescribed family of antiseptics was the halogenated ones, in particular 10% povidone iodine for wound and surgical site antisepsis. This study was aimed to control the quality of 10% povidone iodine used in the hospital. Methodology: We conducted at the Medicines Quality Control Service of the National Health Laboratory of Mali (LNS) a retrospective analytical study on the quality control of 10% povidone iodine. We obtained 10% povidone iodine samples from the Pharmacie Populaire du Mali (PPM). We analyzed 48 batches of samples in regards of visual inspection, average volume, titrimetry, colorimetric test and pH control. Results: All 48 analyzed batches were compliant, i.e. contained the active ingredient and could be used in health facilities or at home as an antiseptic. Conclusion: All analyzed batches of 10% povidone iodine samples did not show any cases of inconsistency and therefore could be used in the management of wound dressings. Future Direction: Use other analytical methods like HPLC to test the quality control of povidone and other types of antiseptics.
Keywords: antiseptic, povidone-iodine 10%, compliance, quality contro
Open access publication of public health research in African journals
No full textThere are many claims to the benefits of open access publishing in general and for Africa in particular. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of scholarly journals expected to publish articles on public health from a number of African countries. Using African Journals Online and African Index Medicus, 174 journals from 13 African countries were identified. The six countries above the group’s median gross domestic product (GDP) published 145 journals, while the seven countries at or below the median GDP published 29 journals. Two thirds of the journals were freely available to download, but only a third had a Creative Commons licence, and most were not indexed. Around half of the journals levied full article processing charges (APCs) – journals from countries at median GDP or below were less likely to charge APCs than those from countries above the median GDP. One of the key findings is that only a few journals were indexed, limiting the ability of potential readers to find the results of research performed in local settings. The results suggest a need to assist journals and researchers to make the work they publish more accessible to the audience who might want to use the results
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