27 research outputs found
Kitaabu Kotoolu: Old Manuscripts
No full textThe entire manuscript is available for download as a PDF file(s). Higher-resolution images may be available upon request. For technical assistance, please contact [email protected]. Fieldwork Team: Dr. Fallou Ngom (Pricipal Investigator; Director, African Studies Center), Ablaye Diakité (Local Project Manager), Mr. Ibrahima Yaffa (General Field Facilitator), and Ibrahima Ngom (photographer). Technical Team: Professor Fallou Ngom (Principal Investigator; Project Director and former Director of the African Studies Center at Boston University)), and Eleni Castro (Technical Lead, BU Libraries). This collection of Mandinka Ajami materials is copied as part of the African Studies Center’s African Ajami Library. This is a joint project between BU and the West African Research Center (WARC), funded by the British Library/Arcadia Endangered Archives Programme. Access Condition and Copyright: These materials are subject to copyright and are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License, which permits non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. For use, distribution or reproduction beyond these terms, contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]). Citation: Materials in this web edition should be cited as: Ngom, Fallou, Castro, Eleni, & Diakité, Ablaye. (2018). African Ajami Library: EAP 1042. Digital Preservation of Mandinka Ajami Materials of Casamance, Senegal. Boston: Boston University Libraries: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/27112. For Inquiries: please contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]). For technical assistance, please contact [email protected] / Custodial history: The owner inherited most of the manuscripts from his father who inherited them from his grandfather, Arfand Sada Kouyate. Arfang Sada Kouyate was born in Diattircounda where he received his advanced Islamic education and served as a marabout (religious leader, healer, and diviner) until his death in Norabantang.Contains a collection of several old Islamic manuscripts written in classical Arabic. They include texts in prose and poetry dealing with religious subjects, and prayers and numerological figures to address people’s preoccupations, including health-related concerns
Kandoolu Kitaaboolu: Collection of Bilingual Texts
No full textThe entire manuscript is available for download as a single PDF file. Higher-resolution images may be available upon request. For technical assistance, please contact [email protected]. Fieldwork Team: Dr. Fallou Ngom (Pricipal Investigator; Director, African Studies Center), Ablaye Diakité (Local Project Manager), Mr. Ibrahima Yaffa (General Field Facilitator), and Ibrahima Ngom (photographer). Technical Team: Professor Fallou Ngom (Principle Investigator, Project Director and former Director of the African Studies Center at Boston University), and Eleni Castro (Technical Lead, BU Libraries). This collection of Mandinka Ajami materials is copied as part of the African Studies Center’s African Ajami Library. This is a joint project between BU and the West African Research Center (WARC), funded by the British Library/Arcadia Endangered Archives Programme. Access Condition and Copyright: These materials are subject to copyright and are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License, which permits non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are fully cited using the information below. For use, distribution or reproduction beyond these terms, contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]). Citation: Materials in this web edition should be cited as: Ngom, Fallou, Castro, Eleni, & Diakité, Ablaye. (2018). African Ajami Library: EAP 1042. Digital Preservation of Mandinka Ajami Materials of Casamance, Senegal.Provenance / Custodial history: The owner inherited most of the manuscripts from his father who inherited them from his grandfather, Arfand Sada Kouyate. Arfang Sada Kouyate was born in Diattircounda where he received his advanced Islamic education and served as a marabout (religious leader, healer, and diviner) until his death in Norabantang.The collection contains several old manuscripts. Most of the manuscripts are written in classical Arabic. They are written in prose and poetry. Some are copies of the original works by important Muslim scholars dealing with religious subjects. Others have glosses in Arabic, Soninke, and Mandinka Ajami. The documents include Mandinka incantations and texts with special figures and numerological formulas to address various social and health problems, including infertility. The Ajami texts are generally vocalized
La problématique du Numérus Clausus à la FMOS/FAPH de l'USTTB au Mali
No full textIntrodiction : Le numérus clausus veut dire en latin « nombre fermé ». Cela veut dire donc en médecine qu'il n'y aura qu'un nombre restreint de personnes qui auront accès à la deuxième année de médecine ou deuxième année d' odontostomatologie ou deuxième année de pharmacie. Généralité : Au Mali, le quota est fixé en fonction du nombre de professeurs ou enseignants de rang A et du nombre de lits dans les hôpitaux. Selon l'arrêté ministériel de2003, le quota est de cinq (5) étudiants par enseignant de rang A en médecine, en pharmacie et 15 en odontostomatologie et le Mali est le seul pays en Afrique à appliquer le Numerus Claususau bout d'une année universitaire de concours (2). Résultat : Le ratio étudiant par enseignant de rang A est de 49 pour la FMOS et de 52 pour la FAPH, l'UNESCO qui préconise 30 étudiants par enseignantL'effectif des étudiants de la FMOS de 2017 est plus élevé que celle de 2003 avec un écart de 455 étudiants.L'effectif des étudiants de la FAPH de 2017 est plus élevé que celle de 2003 avec un écart de 710 étudiants.Le budget lié à la santé de 2017 est le doublet de 2003, qui est de 14,8 p.100 contre 7 p.100 .Sur472 étudiants ayant participé à notre étude,81,1 p.100 sont desrecalés, 29 p.100 sont d'accord que le numerus est pertinent,95,1 p.100 sont des étudiants de nationalité malienne,85,8 p.100 n'ont pas fait une autre étude parallèlement à la FMOS/FAPH de l'USTTB, 74,4 p.100 ont un soutien financier des parents,59,5 p.100 des ont une bourse entière,35 p.100 des étudiants avaient obtenu leur baccalauréat à 18 ans,dans 39,9 p.100 des recalés ne faisaient rien. Conclusion :Au terme de notre étude et au vue du changement de formation des médecins et des pharmaciens au Mali par l'instauration des facultés de médecine et de pharmacie privées, la pertinence et l'efficacité du Numérus Clausus à la FMOS/FAPH de l'USTTB au Mali sont questionnables
Images of Arfang Malang Kouyate and the community of Medina Bouli
No full textFor technical assistance, please contact [email protected]. Fieldwork Team: Dr. Fallou Ngom (Pricipal Investigator; Director, African Studies Center), Ablaye Diakité (Local Project Manager), Mr. Ibrahima Yaffa (General Field Facilitator), and Ibrahima Ngom (photographer). Technical Team: Professor Fallou Ngom (Principle Investigator, Project Director and former Director of the African Studies Center at Boston University), and Eleni Castro (Technical Lead, BU Libraries). This collection of Mandinka Ajami materials is copied as part of the African Studies Center’s African Ajami Library. This is a joint project between BU and the West African Research Center (WARC), funded by the British Library/Arcadia Endangered Archives Programme. Access Condition and Copyright: These materials are subject to copyright and are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License, which permits non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. For use, distribution or reproduction beyond these terms, contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]). Citation: Materials in this web edition should be cited as: Ngom, Fallou, Castro, Eleni, & Diakité, Ablaye. (2018). African Ajami Library: EAP 1042. Digital Preservation of Mandinka Ajami Materials of Casamance, Senegal. Boston: Boston University Libraries: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/27112. For Inquiries: Please contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]).Biography: Arfang Malang Kouyate was born in Medina-Bouli in the region of Kolda where he started his Islamic education. He left his village to conduct peripatetic travels in Senegambia for his advanced studies. He returned to his village after completing his studies. He now serves as an educator, teacher, and farmer.Images taken with manuscript owner Arfang Malang Kouyate and the community of Medina Bouli, Kolda, Senegal, for the manuscript digitization work done in July 2018
Synthetic SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV), MERS-CoV and SARSr-CoV vaccine : A comparative computational analysis to propose candidate epitopes
No full textBackground: Coronaviruses are normally specific to an animal taxon as host, mammals or birds depending on their species; however, these viruses can sometimes change host as a result of mutation. The HCoV-229E is one of six human coronaviruses that include HCoV-NL63, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-HKU1, MERS-CoV and SARSr-CoV (SARSr-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV2) and is distributed globally. MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 could persist on inanimate surface like (metal, glass or plastic for up to nine days) (Huang, C.-L, 2020). Preventive measures and drug treatment with hydrochloroquine are useful, but a good effective vaccine may be needed to stop propagation of the covid-19 pandemic. The aim of our study was to identifiy vaccine candidate epitopes by bioinformatics approaches.
Materials and Method: The complete genomic sequences of SARS-CoV-2 were obtained from 2019 Novel Coronavirus Resource (2019nCoVR) and two databases, including the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) and TAURAU/T-bio-infoserver for online bioinformatics. we will provide a brief review of viral origin, compare the sequencing data for conserved region identification, his commonest protein domain( target binding site) and consensus motif design for an potential candidate molecule (epitope) prurposition for treatment strategies for the newly identified 2019-nCoV , SARSr-CoV strain and MERS-CoV.
Results: Interestingly, sequence comparison between SARS-CoV-2 and another strain revealed that the residues present in the receptor-interacting motive are highly conserved with 70 % identity. we funded five important amino acids ( L455, Y473, N479, F486, Q493) on the receptor binding domain from spike proteins responsible of contact between virus and horst . In the SARS-CoV_ RBD are present residues (D480, and T487) that allowed the interspecies infection. However, in SARS-CoV-2, slight modification of some residues could improve the interaction with the human cellular receptor: L455, F486, Q493, and N501. In SARS-CoV, two main residues (479 and 487) have been associated to the recognition of the human ACE2 receptor. In the SARS-CoV-2, the residues corresponding to N479 correspond to Q493 and T487 to N501. These changes in the SARS-CoV-2 represent energetically favorable changes for the interaction with the receptor. we identified the sequences of amino acids that are well conserved across many coronaviruses including 2019nCoV and other strains, the motif KRSFIEDLLFNKVTLADAGF was found to be particularly well-conserved in this study and corresponds to the region around one of the known cleavage sites of the SARS virus that are believed to be required for virus activation for cell entry. This sequence motif and surrounding variations formed the basis for proposing a specific synthetic vaccine epitope this finding can make related likely rigid small molecule candidates and binding targets.
Conclusion: This study provides information and opportunities for biological confirmation. The work can nevertheless be described in bioinformatics terms, and easily replicated by others, although new data and research on Covid-19 are emerging and evolving at an explosive rythm
Kitaabu Kutoo: New Manuscript
No full textThe entire manuscript is available for download as a PDF file(s). Higher-resolution images may be available upon request. For technical assistance, please contact [email protected]. Fieldwork Team: Dr. Fallou Ngom (Pricipal Investigator; Director, African Studies Center), Ablaye Diakité (Local Project Manager), Mr. Ibrahima Yaffa (General Field Facilitator), and Ibrahima Ngom (photographer). Technical Team: Professor Fallou Ngom (Principal Investigator; Project Director and former Director of the African Studies Center at Boston University)), and Eleni Castro (Technical Lead, BU Libraries). This collection of Mandinka Ajami materials is copied as part of the African Studies Center’s African Ajami Library. This is a joint project between BU and the West African Research Center (WARC), funded by the British Library/Arcadia Endangered Archives Programme. Access Condition and Copyright: These materials are subject to copyright and are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License, which permits non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. For use, distribution or reproduction beyond these terms, contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]). Citation: Materials in this web edition should be cited as: Ngom, Fallou, Castro, Eleni, & Diakité, Ablaye. (2018). African Ajami Library: EAP 1042. Digital Preservation of Mandinka Ajami Materials of Casamance, Senegal. Boston: Boston University Libraries: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/27112. For Inquiries: please contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]). For technical assistance, please contact [email protected] / Custodial history: The owner received it from his teacher, Seckou Kaloga, who is an Islamic scholar and a Quranic teacher in Thies, Senegal.An new Arabic-Mandinka Ajami bilingual text, which includes various types of prayers and the number of times to recite them as well as formulas to address local social preoccupations, including how to be wealthy and famous. While the prayers and formulas are written in classical Arabic, the instructions on how to use them are generally written in Mandinka Ajami. Dual literacy in classical Arabic and Ajami is necessary to understand all the content of the manuscript
The impact of slaughter practices on the prevalence of Salmonella in poultry carcasses in slaughterhouses in Bamako (Mali)
No full textThis study, carried out between October 2016 and June 2018, aimed to assess the impact of slaughtering practices on the prevalence of Salmonella in poultry carcasses slaughtered in Bamako markets. It involved 8 slaughterhouses grouped into two categories (A and B). Slaughterhouses classified in category A (75%) were characterized by unsatisfactory hygienic practices. On the other hand, those classified in category B (25%) respected certain principles and standards of slaughter. The prevalence of Salmonella observed in category A slaughterhouse (15.97%) is high compared to that of category B (7.29%). The results of this study have made it possible to establish that the risk factors at the origin of the contamination of poultry products are, among other things, the non-application of basic hygiene rules in the markets and at the level of poultry slaughterhouses, the non-application of good slaughtering practices and the use of rudimentary instruments for slaughtering
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Validation of two parent-reported autism spectrum disorders screening tools M-CHAT-R and SCQ in Bamako, Mali
No full textBackgroundEarly screening is crucial for early autism spectrum disorders (ASD) diagnosis and intervention. ASD screening tools have mostly been constructed based on the Western cultural context. We hypothesized that their use in Mali may require a prior validation.ObjectiveTo validate the modified checklist for autism in toddlers-Revised (M-CHAT-R) and the social communication questionnaire (SCQ) in the Malian sociocultural context for ASD screening.Study designWe administered M-CHAT-R and SCQ in 947 toddlers aged 16-30 months old at the district and community health centers in Bamako and 120 patients (60 autistic and 60 age and sex matched controls) aged ≥4 years old at the psychiatry department in Bamako. Toddlers at moderate to high risk of ASD underwent M-CHAT-R/F and clinical evaluation by an ASD multidisciplinary team. M-CHAT-R and SCQ were evaluated for cultural appropriateness by Malian anthropologists. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV were determined for both M-CHAT-R and SCQ. Health professionals have been trained during ASD seminary on how to use M-CHAT-R and SCQ for ASD screening in Bamako.ResultsWe found for the M-CHAT-R a sensitivity of 50%, a specificity of 100%, a PPV of 100% and a NPV of 87%. The SCQ had a sensitivity of 71%, a specificity of 72%, a PPV of 73% and a NPV of 70%. We have found four out of 20 items on the M-CHAT-R that were culturally inappropriate in the Malian context.DiscussionM-CHAT-R and SCQ can be used for early autism screening in Mali. In the future, we plan to train a descent number of Malian physicians in chief and pediatricians at the district hospitals across the country to integrate the early ASD screening into the national health system.ConclusionM-CHAT-R has a perfect specificity and SCQ a fair diagnostic accuracy for ASD in Mali
Validation of two parent-reported autism spectrum disorders screening tools M-CHAT-R and SCQ in Bamako, Mali
No full textSuba
No full textNon-Malian vocal style and multilayered singing accompanied by traditional Malian instuments played with a modern edg
